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<h2>
  <a name="1102068"> </a><font color="#003366"  face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">7.1 	 Processes</font>
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  <a name="1102069"> </a><font size=2  face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">A process (also known as a task or thread) is an independent unit of software with a single thread of control, that is, a sequential algorithm. Any number of processes may be run. A process which has been started but not terminated may be in one of several different states:</font>
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<p>  <font size=2  face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><li ><a name="1102071"> </a>executing on the CPU,</font></p>
<p>  <font size=2  face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><li ><a name="1102074"> </a>interrupted or trapped by an exception,</font></p>
<p>  <font size=2  face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><li ><a name="1102076"> </a>inactive, that is, waiting for a peripheral or semaphore signal,</font></p>
<p>  <font size=2  face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><li ><a name="1102077"> </a>waiting for CPU time.</font></p>
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  <a name="1102079"> </a><font size=2  face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">A process that is not inactive is said to be active. A process that is not executing or interrupted is said to be descheduled. The states and main transitions are shown in <a href="mult_ts2.htm#1103349"><font  color="#0000ff" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><i>Figure

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