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<HTML><HEAD><TITLE><iosfwd></TITLE></HEAD><BODY><H1><A NAME="<iosfwd>"><CODE><iosfwd></CODE></A></H1><HR><P>Include the <A HREF="lib_cpp.html#iostreams">iostreams</A>standard header <B><CODE><iosfwd></CODE></B>to declare forward references to several template classes usedthroughout iostreams. All such template classes are defined in otherstandard headers. You include this header explicitly only whenyou need one of the above declarations, but not its definition.</P><PRE>namespace std {typedef T1 <B><A HREF="ios.html#streamoff">streamoff</A></B>;typedef T2 <B><A HREF="ios.html#streamsize">streamsize</A></B>;typedef fpos <B><A HREF="ios.html#streampos">streampos</A></B>; // TEMPLATE CLASSEStemplate<class Elem> class <B><A HREF="string2.html#char_traits">char_traits</A></B>;class <B><A HREF="string2.html#char_traits<char>">char_traits<char></A></B>;class <B><A HREF="string2.html#char_traits<wchar_t>">char_traits<wchar_t></A></B>;template<class Elem, class Tr = char_traits<Elem> > class <B><A HREF="ios.html#basic_ios">basic_ios</A></B>;template<class Elem, class Tr = char_traits<Elem> > class <B><A HREF="iterator.html#istreambuf_iterator">istreambuf_iterator</A></B>;template<class Elem, class Tr = char_traits<Elem> > class <B><A HREF="iterator.html#ostreambuf_iterator">ostreambuf_iterator</A></B>;template<class Elem, class Tr = char_traits<Elem> > class <B><A HREF="streambu.html#basic_streambuf">basic_streambuf</A></B>;template<class Elem, class Tr = char_traits<Elem> > class <B><A HREF="istream.html#basic_istream">basic_istream</A></B>;template<class Elem, class Tr = char_traits<Elem> > class <B><A HREF="ostream.html#basic_ostream">basic_ostream</A></B>;template<class Elem, class Tr = char_traits<Elem> > class <B><A HREF="istream.html#basic_iostream">basic_iostream</A></B>;template<class Elem, class Tr = char_traits<Elem> > class <B><A HREF="sstream.html#basic_stringbuf">basic_stringbuf</A></B>;template<class Elem, class Tr = char_traits<Elem> > class <B><A HREF="sstream.html#basic_istringstream">basic_istringstream</A></B>;template<class Elem, class Tr = char_traits<Elem> > class <B><A HREF="sstream.html#basic_ostringstream">basic_ostringstream</A></B>;template<class Elem, class Tr = char_traits<Elem> > class <B><A HREF="sstream.html#basic_stringstream">basic_stringstream</A></B>;template<class Elem, class Tr = char_traits<Elem> > class <B><A HREF="fstream.html#basic_filebuf">basic_filebuf</A></B>;template<class Elem, class Tr = char_traits<Elem> > class <B><A HREF="fstream.html#basic_ifstream">basic_ifstream</A></B>;template<class Elem, class Tr = char_traits<Elem> > class <B><A HREF="fstream.html#basic_ofstream">basic_ofstream</A></B>;template<class Elem, class Tr = char_traits<Elem> > class <B><A HREF="fstream.html#basic_fstream">basic_fstream</A></B>; // char TYPE DEFINITIONStypedef basic_ios<char, char_traits<char> > <B><A HREF="ios.html#ios">ios</A></B>;typedef basic_streambuf<char, char_traits<char> > <B><A HREF="streambu.html#streambuf">streambuf</A></B>;typedef basic_istream<char, char_traits<char> > <B><A HREF="istream.html#istream">istream</A></B>;typedef basic_ostream<char, char_traits<char> > <B><A HREF="ostream.html#ostream">ostream</A></B>;typedef basic_iostream<char, char_traits<char> > <B><A HREF="istream.html#iostream">iostream</A></B>;typedef basic_stringbuf<char, char_traits<char> > <B><A HREF="sstream.html#stringbuf">stringbuf</A></B>;typedef basic_istringstream<char, char_traits<char> > <B><A HREF="sstream.html#istringstream">istringstream</A></B>;typedef basic_ostringstream<char, char_traits<char> > <B><A HREF="sstream.html#ostringstream">ostringstream</A></B>;typedef basic_stringstream<char, char_traits<char> > <B><A HREF="sstream.html#stringstream">stringstream</A></B>;typedef basic_filebuf<char, char_traits<char> > <B><A HREF="fstream.html#filebuf">filebuf</A></B>;typedef basic_ifstream<char, char_traits<char> > <B><A HREF="fstream.html#ifstream">ifstream</A></B>;typedef basic_ofstream<char, char_traits<char> > <B><A HREF="fstream.html#ofstream">ofstream</A></B>;typedef basic_fstream<char, char_traits<char> > <B><A HREF="fstream.html#fstream">fstream</A></B>; // wchar_t TYPE DEFINITIONStypedef basic_ios<wchar_t, char_traits<wchar_t> > <B><A HREF="ios.html#wios">wios</A></B>;typedef basic_streambuf<wchar_t, char_traits<wchar_t> > <B><A HREF="streambu.html#wstreambuf">wstreambuf</A></B>;typedef basic_istream<wchar_t, char_traits<wchar_t> > <B><A HREF="istream.html#wistream">wistream</A></B>;typedef basic_ostream<wchar_t, char_traits<wchar_t> > <B><A HREF="ostream.html#wostream">wostream</A></B>;typedef basic_iostream<wchar_t, char_traits<wchar_t> > <B><A HREF="istream.html#wiostream">wiostream</A></B>;typedef basic_stringbuf<wchar_t, char_traits<wchar_t> > <B><A HREF="sstream.html#wstringbuf">wstringbuf</A></B>;typedef basic_istringstream<wchar_t, char_traits<wchar_t> > <B><A HREF="sstream.html#wistringstream">wistringstream</A></B>;typedef basic_ostringstream<wchar_t, char_traits<wchar_t> > <B><A HREF="sstream.html#wostringstream">wostringstream</A></B>;typedef basic_stringstream<wchar_t, char_traits<wchar_t> > <B><A HREF="sstream.html#wstringstream">wstringstream</A></B>;typedef basic_filebuf<wchar_t, char_traits<wchar_t> > <B><A HREF="fstream.html#wfilebuf">wfilebuf</A></B>;typedef basic_ifstream<wchar_t, char_traits<wchar_t> > <B><A HREF="fstream.html#wifstream">wifstream</A></B>;typedef basic_ofstream<wchar_t, char_traits<wchar_t> > <B><A HREF="fstream.html#wofstream">wofstream</A></B>;typedef basic_fstream<wchar_t, char_traits<wchar_t> > <B><A HREF="fstream.html#wfstream">wfstream</A></B>; };</PRE><HR><P>See also the<B><A HREF="index.html#Table of Contents">Table of Contents</A></B> and the<B><A HREF="_index.html">Index</A></B>.</P><P><I><A HREF="crit_pjp.html">Copyright</A> © 1992-2002by P.J. 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