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<HTML><HEAD><TITLE><math.h></TITLE></HEAD><BODY><H1><A NAME="<math.h>"><CODE><math.h></CODE></A></H1><HR><P><B><CODE><A HREF="#HUGE_VAL">HUGE_VAL</A></CODE></B></P><P><B><CODE><A HREF="#abs">abs</A>· <A HREF="#acos">acos</A>· <A HREF="#asin">asin</A>· <A HREF="#atan">atan</A>· <A HREF="#atan2">atan2</A>· <A HREF="#ceil">ceil</A>· <A HREF="#cos">cos</A>· <A HREF="#cosh">cosh</A>· <A HREF="#exp">exp</A>· <A HREF="#fabs">fabs</A>· <A HREF="#floor">floor</A>· <A HREF="#fmod">fmod</A>· <A HREF="#frexp">frexp</A>· <A HREF="#ldexp">ldexp</A>· <A HREF="#log">log</A>· <A HREF="#log10">log10</A>· <A HREF="#modf">modf</A>· <A HREF="#pow">pow</A>· <A HREF="#sin">sin</A>· <A HREF="#sinh">sinh</A>· <A HREF="#sqrt">sqrt</A>· <A HREF="#tan">tan</A>· <A HREF="#tanh">tanh</A></CODE></B></P><P><B><CODE><A HREF="#acosf">acosf</A>· <A HREF="#asinf">asinf</A>· <A HREF="#atanf">atanf</A>· <A HREF="#atan2f">atan2f</A>· <A HREF="#ceilf">ceilf</A>· <A HREF="#cosf">cosf</A>· <A HREF="#coshf">coshf</A>· <A HREF="#expf">expf</A>· <A HREF="#fabsf">fabsf</A>· <A HREF="#floorf">floorf</A>· <A HREF="#fmodf">fmodf</A>· <A HREF="#frexpf">frexpf</A>· <A HREF="#ldexpf">ldexpf</A>· <A HREF="#logf">logf</A>· <A HREF="#log10f">log10f</A>· <A HREF="#modff">modff</A>· <A HREF="#pow">pow</A>· <A HREF="#sinf">sinf</A>· <A HREF="#sinhf">sinhf</A>· <A HREF="#sqrtf">sqrtf</A>· <A HREF="#tanf">tanf</A>· <A HREF="#tanhf">tanhf</A></CODE></B></P><P><B><CODE><A HREF="#acosl">acosl</A>· <A HREF="#asinl">asinl</A>· <A HREF="#atanl">atanl</A>· <A HREF="#atan2l">atan2l</A>· <A HREF="#ceill">ceill</A>· <A HREF="#cosl">cosl</A>· <A HREF="#coshl">coshl</A>· <A HREF="#expl">expl</A>· <A HREF="#fabsl">fabsl</A>· <A HREF="#floorl">floorl</A>· <A HREF="#fmodl">fmodl</A>· <A HREF="#frexpl">frexpl</A>· <A HREF="#ldexpl">ldexpl</A>· <A HREF="#logl">logl</A>· <A HREF="#log10l">log10l</A>· <A HREF="#modfl">modfl</A>· <A HREF="#pow">pow</A>· <A HREF="#sinl">sinl</A>· <A HREF="#sinhl">sinhl</A>· <A HREF="#sqrtl">sqrtl</A>· <A HREF="#tanl">tanl</A>· <A HREF="#tanhl">tanhl</A></CODE></B></P><HR><P>Include the standard header <B><CODE><math.h></CODE></B>to declare a number of functions that performcommon mathematical operations on real floating-point values(of type <I>float, double,</I> or <I>long double</I>).</P><P>A <B><A NAME="domain error">domain error</A></B>occurs when the function isnot defined for its input argument value or values. A function can reporta domain error by storing the value of<A HREF="errno.html#EDOM"><CODE>EDOM</CODE></A> in<A HREF="errno.html#errno"><CODE>errno</CODE></A>and returning a particular value defined for each implementation.</P><P>A <B><A NAME="range error">range error</A></B>occurs when the return value of thefunction is defined but cannot be represented.A function can report a range error by storing the value of<A HREF="errno.html#ERANGE"><CODE>ERANGE</CODE></A> in<A HREF="errno.html#errno"><CODE>errno</CODE></A>and returning one of several values:</P><UL><LI><CODE><A HREF="#HUGE_VAL">HUGE_VAL</A></CODE>-- if the value of a function returning <I>double</I> is positiveand too large in magnitude to represent</LI><LI><CODE>-<A HREF="#HUGE_VAL">HUGE_VAL</A></CODE>-- if the value of a function returning <I>double</I> is negativeand too large in magnitude to represent</LI><LI>zero -- if the value of the function is too small to representwith a finite value</LI></UL><PRE> /* MACROS */#define <A HREF="#HUGE_VAL"><B>HUGE_VAL</B></A> <I><double rvalue></I> /* FUNCTIONS */double <A HREF="#abs"><B>abs</B></A>(double x); <B>[C++ only]</B>float <A HREF="#abs"><B>abs</B></A>(float x); <B>[C++ only]</B>long double <A HREF="#abs"><B>abs</B></A>(long double x); <B>[C++ only]</B>double <A HREF="#acos"><B>acos</B></A>(double x);float <A HREF="#acos"><B>acos</B></A>(float x); <B>[C++ only]</B>long double <A HREF="#acos"><B>acos</B></A>(long double x); <B>[C++ only]</B>float <A HREF="#acosf"><B>acosf</B></A>(float x); <B>[required with C99]</B>long double <A HREF="#acosl"><B>acosl</B></A>(long double x); <B>[required with C99]</B>double <A HREF="#asin"><B>asin</B></A>(double x);float <A HREF="#asin"><B>asin</B></A>(float x); <B>[C++ only]</B>long double <A HREF="#asin"><B>asin</B></A>(long double x); <B>[C++ only]</B>float <A HREF="#asinf"><B>asinf</B></A>(float x); <B>[required with C99]</B>long double <A HREF="#asinl"><B>asinl</B></A>(long double x); <B>[required with C99]</B>double <A HREF="#atan"><B>atan</B></A>(double x);float <A HREF="#atan"><B>atan</B></A>(float x); <B>[C++ only]</B>long double <A HREF="#atan"><B>atan</B></A>(long double x); <B>[C++ only]</B>float <A HREF="#atanf"><B>atanf</B></A>(float x); <B>[required with C99]</B>long double <A HREF="#atanl"><B>atanl</B></A>(long double x); <B>[required with C99]</B>double <A HREF="#atan2"><B>atan2</B></A>(double y, double x);float <A HREF="#atan2"><B>atan2</B></A>(float y, float x); <B>[C++ only]</B>long double <A HREF="#atan2"><B>atan2</B></A>(long double y, long double x); <B>[C++ only]</B>float <A HREF="#atan2f"><B>atan2f</B></A>(float y, float x); <B>[required with C99]</B>long double <A HREF="#atan2l"><B>atan2l</B></A>(long double y, long double x); <B>[required with C99]</B>double <A HREF="#ceil"><B>ceil</B></A>(double x);float <A HREF="#ceil"><B>ceil</B></A>(float x); <B>[C++ only]</B>long double <A HREF="#ceil"><B>ceil</B></A>(long double x); <B>[C++ only]</B>float <A HREF="#ceilf"><B>ceilf</B></A>(float x); <B>[required with C99]</B>long double <A HREF="#ceill"><B>ceill</B></A>(long double x); <B>[required with C99]</B>double <A HREF="#cos"><B>cos</B></A>(double x);float <A HREF="#cos"><B>cos</B></A>(float x); <B>[C++ only]</B>long double <A HREF="#cos"><B>cos</B></A>(long double x); <B>[C++ only]</B>float <A HREF="#cosf"><B>cosf</B></A>(float x); <B>[required with C99]</B>long double <A HREF="#cosl"><B>cosl</B></A>(long double x); <B>[required with C99]</B>double <A HREF="#cosh"><B>cosh</B></A>(double x);float <A HREF="#cosh"><B>cosh</B></A>(float x); <B>[C++ only]</B>long double <A HREF="#cosh"><B>cosh</B></A>(long double x); <B>[C++ only]</B>float <A HREF="#coshf"><B>coshf</B></A>(float x); <B>[required with C99]</B>long double <A HREF="#coshl"><B>coshl</B></A>(long double x); <B>[required with C99]</B>double <A HREF="#exp"><B>exp</B></A>(double x);float <A HREF="#exp"><B>exp</B></A>(float x); <B>[C++ only]</B>long double <A HREF="#exp"><B>exp</B></A>(long double x); <B>[C++ only]</B>float <A HREF="#expf"><B>expf</B></A>(float x); <B>[required with C99]</B>long double <A HREF="#expl"><B>expl</B></A>(long double x); <B>[required with C99]</B>double <A HREF="#fabs"><B>fabs</B></A>(double x);float <A HREF="#fabs"><B>fabs</B></A>(float x); <B>[C++ only]</B>long double <A HREF="#fabs"><B>fabs</B></A>(long double x); <B>[C++ only]</B>float <A HREF="#fabsf"><B>fabsf</B></A>(float x); <B>[required with C99]</B>long double <A HREF="#fabsl"><B>fabsl</B></A>(long double x); <B>[required with C99]</B>double <A HREF="#floor"><B>floor</B></A>(double x);float <A HREF="#floor"><B>floor</B></A>(float x); <B>[C++ only]</B>long double <A HREF="#floor"><B>floor</B></A>(long double x); <B>[C++ only]</B>float <A HREF="#floorf"><B>floorf</B></A>(float x); <B>[required with C99]</B>long double <A HREF="#floorl"><B>floorl</B></A>(long double x); <B>[required with C99]</B>double <A HREF="#fmod"><B>fmod</B></A>(double x, double y);float <A HREF="#fmod"><B>fmod</B></A>(float x, float y); <B>[C++ only]</B>long double <A HREF="#fmod"><B>fmod</B></A>(long double x, long double y); <B>[C++ only]</B>float <A HREF="#fmodf"><B>fmodf</B></A>(float x, float y); <B>[required with C99]</B>long double <A HREF="#fmodl"><B>fmodl</B></A>(long double x, long double y); <B>[required with C99]</B>double <A HREF="#frexp"><B>frexp</B></A>(double x, int *pexp);float <A HREF="#frexp"><B>frexp</B></A>(float x, int *pexp); <B>[C++ only]</B>long double <A HREF="#frexp"><B>frexp</B></A>(long double x, int *pexp); <B>[C++ only]</B>float <A HREF="#frexpf"><B>frexpf</B></A>(float x, int *pexp); <B>[required with C99]</B>long double <A HREF="#frexpl"><B>frexpl</B></A>(long double x, int *pexp); <B>[required with C99]</B>double <A HREF="#ldexp"><B>ldexp</B></A>(double x, int ex);float <A HREF="#ldexp"><B>ldexp</B></A>(float x, int ex); <B>[C++ only]</B>long double <A HREF="#ldexp"><B>ldexp</B></A>(long double x, int ex); <B>[C++ only]</B>float <A HREF="#ldexpf"><B>ldexpf</B></A>(float x, int ex); <B>[required with C99]</B>long double <A HREF="#ldexpl"><B>ldexpl</B></A>(long double x, int ex); <B>[required with C99]</B>double <A HREF="#log"><B>log</B></A>(double x);float <A HREF="#log"><B>log</B></A>(float x); <B>[C++ only]</B>long double <A HREF="#log"><B>log</B></A>(long double x); <B>[C++ only]</B>float <A HREF="#logf"><B>logf</B></A>(float x); <B>[required with C99]</B>long double <A HREF="#logl"><B>logl</B></A>(long double x); <B>[required with C99]</B>double <A HREF="#log10"><B>log10</B></A>(double x);float <A HREF="#log10"><B>log10</B></A>(float x); <B>[C++ only]</B>long double <A HREF="#log10"><B>log10</B></A>(long double x); <B>[C++ only]</B>float <A HREF="#log10f"><B>log10f</B></A>(float x); <B>[required with C99]</B>long double <A HREF="#log10l"><B>log10l</B></A>(long double x); <B>[required with C99]</B>double <A HREF="#modf"><B>modf</B></A>(double x, double *pint);float <A HREF="#modf"><B>modf</B></A>(float x, float *pint); <B>[C++ only]</B>long double <A HREF="#modf"><B>modf</B></A>(long double x, long double *pint); <B>[C++ only]</B>float <A HREF="#modff"><B>modff</B></A>(float x, float *pint); <B>[required with C99]</B>long double <A HREF="#modfl"><B>modfl</B></A>(long double x, long double *pint); <B>[required with C99]</B>double <A HREF="#pow"><B>pow</B></A>(double x, double y);float <A HREF="#pow"><B>pow</B></A>(float x, float y); <B>[C++ only]</B>long double <A HREF="#pow"><B>pow</B></A>(long double x, long double y); <B>[C++ only]</B>double <A HREF="#pow"><B>pow</B></A>(double x, int y); <B>[C++ only]</B>float <A HREF="#pow"><B>pow</B></A>(float x, int y); <B>[C++ only]</B>long double <A HREF="#pow"><B>pow</B></A>(long double x, int y); <B>[C++ only]</B>float <A HREF="#powf"><B>powf</B></A>(float x, float y); <B>[required with C99]</B>long double <A HREF="#powl"><B>powl</B></A>(long double x, long double y); <B>[required with C99]</B>double <A HREF="#sin"><B>sin</B></A>(double x);float <A HREF="#sin"><B>sin</B></A>(float x); <B>[C++ only]</B>long double <A HREF="#sin"><B>sin</B></A>(long double x); <B>[C++ only]</B>float <A HREF="#sinf"><B>sinf</B></A>(float x); <B>[required with C99]</B>long double <A HREF="#sinl"><B>sinl</B></A>(long double x); <B>[required with C99]</B>double <A HREF="#sinh"><B>sinh</B></A>(double x);float <A HREF="#sinh"><B>sinh</B></A>(float x); <B>[C++ only]</B>long double <A HREF="#sinh"><B>sinh</B></A>(long double x); <B>[C++ only]</B>float <A HREF="#sinhf"><B>sinhf</B></A>(float x); <B>[required with C99]</B>long double <A HREF="#sinhl"><B>sinhl</B></A>(long double x); <B>[required with C99]</B>double <A HREF="#sqrt"><B>sqrt</B></A>(double x);float <A HREF="#sqrt"><B>sqrt</B></A>(float x); <B>[C++ only]</B>long double <A HREF="#sqrt"><B>sqrt</B></A>(long double x); <B>[C++ only]</B>float <A HREF="#sqrtf"><B>sqrtf</B></A>(float x); <B>[required with C99]</B>long double <A HREF="#sqrtl"><B>sqrtl</B></A>(long double x); <B>[required with C99]</B>double <A HREF="#tan"><B>tan</B></A>(double x);float <A HREF="#tan"><B>tan</B></A>(float x); <B>[C++ only]</B>long double <A HREF="#tan"><B>tan</B></A>(long double x); <B>[C++ only]</B>float <A HREF="#tanf"><B>tanf</B></A>(float x); <B>[required with C99]</B>long double <A HREF="#tanl"><B>tanl</B></A>(long double x); <B>[required with C99]</B>double <A HREF="#tanh"><B>tanh</B></A>(double x);float <A HREF="#tanh"><B>tanh</B></A>(float x); <B>[C++ only]</B>long double <A HREF="#tanh"><B>tanh</B></A>(long double x); <B>[C++ only]</B>float <A HREF="#tanhf"><B>tanhf</B></A>(float x); <B>[required with C99]</B>long double <A HREF="#tanhl"><B>tanhl</B></A>(long double x); <B>[required with C99]</B></PRE><H2><A NAME="abs"><CODE>abs</CODE></A>,<A NAME="fabs"><CODE>fabs</CODE></A>,<A NAME="fabsf"><CODE>fabsf</CODE></A>,<A NAME="fabsl"><CODE>fabsl</CODE></A></H2><PRE>double <B>abs</B>(double x); <B>[C++ only]</B>float <B>abs</B>(float x); <B>[C++ only]</B>long double <B>abs</B>(long double x); <B>[C++ only]</B>double <B>fabs</B>(double x);float <B>fabs</B>(float x); <B>[C++ only]</B>long double <B>fabs</B>(long double x); <B>[C++ only]</B>float <B>fabsf</B>(float x); <B>[required with C99]</B>long double <B>fabsl</B>(long double x); <B>[required with C99]</B></PRE><P>The function returns the magnitude of <CODE>x</CODE>,<CODE>|x|</CODE>.</P><H2><A NAME="acos"><CODE>acos</CODE></A>,<A NAME="acosf"><CODE>acosf</CODE></A>,<A NAME="acosl"><CODE>acosl</CODE></A></H2><PRE>double <B>acos</B>(double x);float <B>acos</B>(float x); <B>[C++ only]</B>long double <B>acos</B>(long double x); <B>[C++ only]</B>float <B>acosf</B>(float x); <B>[required with C99]</B>long double <B>acosl</B>(long double x); <B>[required with C99]</B></PRE><P>The function returns the angle whose cosine is <CODE>x</CODE>, inthe range [0, pi] radians. A domain error occurs if <CODE>1 < |x|</CODE>.</P><H2><A NAME="asin"><CODE>asin</CODE></A>,<A NAME="asinf"><CODE>asinf</CODE></A>,<A NAME="asinl"><CODE>asinl</CODE></A></H2><PRE>double <B>asin</B>(double x);float <B>asin</B>(float x); <B>[C++ only]</B>long double <B>asin</B>(long double x); <B>[C++ only]</B>float <B>asinf</B>(float x); <B>[required with C99]</B>long double <B>asinl</B>(long double x); <B>[required with C99]</B></PRE><P>The function returns the angle whose sine is <CODE>x</CODE>, in therange [-pi/2, +pi/2] radians. A domain error occurs⌨️ 快捷键说明
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