stddef.html

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<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>&lt;stddef.h&gt;</TITLE></HEAD><BODY><H1><A NAME="&lt;stddef.h&gt;"><CODE>&lt;stddef.h&gt;</CODE></A></H1><HR><P>Include the standard header <B><CODE>&lt;stddef.h&gt;</CODE></B>to define several types and macros that areof general use throughout the program. Thestandard header <CODE>&lt;stddef.h&gt;</CODE> is available even in a<A HREF="lib_over.html#freestanding implementation">freestanding implementation</A>.</P><PRE>    /* MACROS */#define <A HREF="#NULL"><B>NULL</B></A> <I>&lt;either 0, 0L, or (void *)0&gt;</I> <B>[0 in C++]</B>#define <A HREF="#offsetof"><B>offsetof</B></A>(<I>s-type</I>, mbr) <I>&lt;</I>size_t <I>constant expression&gt;</I>    /* TYPES */typedef <I>si-type</I> <A HREF="#ptrdiff_t"><B>ptrdiff_t</B></A>;typedef <I>ui-type</I> <A HREF="#size_t"><B>size_t</B></A>;typedef <I>i-type</I> <A HREF="#wchar_t"><B>wchar_t</B></A>; <B>[keyword in C++]</B></PRE><H2><A NAME="NULL"><CODE>NULL</CODE></A></H2><PRE>#define <B>NULL</B> <I>&lt;either 0, 0L, or (void *)0&gt;</I> <B>[0 in C++]</B></PRE><P>The macro yields a null pointer constant that is usable as an<A HREF="express.html#address constant expression">address constant expression</A>.</P><H2><A NAME="offsetof"><CODE>offsetof</CODE></A></H2><PRE>#define <B>offsetof</B>(<I>s-type</I>, mbr) <I>&lt;</I>size_t <I>constant expression&gt;</I></PRE><P>The macro yields the offset in bytes, of type<A HREF="#size_t"><CODE>size_t</CODE></A>,of member <CODE>mbr</CODE> fromthe beginning of structure type <CODE><I>s-type</I></CODE>,where for <CODE>X</CODE> of type <CODE><I>s-type</I></CODE>,<CODE>&amp;X.mbr</CODE> is an<A HREF="express.html#address constant expression">address constant expression</A>.</P><H2><A NAME="ptrdiff_t"><CODE>ptrdiff_t</CODE></A></H2><PRE>typedef <I>si-type</I> <B>ptrdiff_t</B>;</PRE><P>The type is the signed integer type <CODE><I>si-type</I></CODE>of an object that you declare to store the result ofsubtracting two pointers.</P><H2><A NAME="size_t"><CODE>size_t</CODE></A></H2><PRE>typedef <I>ui-type</I> <B>size_t</B>;</PRE><P>The type is the unsigned integer type <CODE><I>ui-type</I></CODE>of an object that you declare to store the result of the<A HREF="express.html#sizeof operator"><I>sizeof</I></A> operator.</P><H2><A NAME="wchar_t"><CODE>wchar_t</CODE></A></H2><PRE>typedef <I>i-type</I> <B>wchar_t</B>; <B>[keyword in C++]</B></PRE><P>The type is the integer type <CODE><I>i-type</I></CODE> of a<A HREF="charset.html#wide-character constant">wide-character constant</A>, such as <CODE>L'X'</CODE>.You declare an object of type <CODE>wchar_t</CODE> to hold a<A HREF="charset.html#Wide-Character Encoding">wide character</A>.</P><HR><P>See also the<B><A HREF="index.html#Table of Contents">Table of Contents</A></B> and the<B><A HREF="_index.html">Index</A></B>.</P><P><I><A HREF="crit_pb.html">Copyright</A> &#169; 1989-2002by P.J. Plauger and Jim Brodie. All rights reserved.</I></P><!--V4.01:1125--></BODY></HTML>

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