locale2.html

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    : public locale::facet, public ctype_base {
public:
    typedef char <B>char_type</B>;
    explicit <B>ctype</B>(const mask *tab = 0, bool del = false,
        size_t refs = 0);
    bool <B>is</B>(mask maskval, char ch) const;
    const char *<B>is</B>(const char *first, const char *last,
        mask *dest) const;
    const char *<B>scan_is</B>(mask maskval,
        const char *first, const char *last) const;
    const char *<B>scan_not</B>(mask maskval,
        const char *first, const char *last) const;
    char <B>toupper</B>(char ch) const;
    const char *<B>toupper</B>(char *first, char *last) const;
    char <B>tolower</B>(char ch) const;
    const char *<B>tolower</B>(char *first, char *last) const;
    char <B>widen</B>(char byte) const;
    const char *<B>widen</B>(char *first, char *last,
        char *dest) const;
    char <B>narrow</B>(char ch, char dflt) const;
    const char *<B>narrow</B>(const char *first,
        const char *last, char dflt, char *dest) const;
    static locale::id <B>id</B>;
protected:
    <B>~ctype()</B>;
    virtual char <B>do_toupper</B>(char ch) const;
    virtual const char *<B>do_toupper</B>(char *first,
        char *last) const;
    virtual char <B>do_tolower</B>(char ch) const;
    virtual const char *<B>do_tolower</B>(char *first,
        char *last) const;
    virtual char <B>do_widen</B>(char ch) const;
    virtual const char *<B>do_widen</B>(char *first, char *last,
        char *dest) const;
    virtual char <B>do_narrow</B>(char ch, char dflt) const;
    virtual const char *<B>do_narrow</B>(const char *first,
        const char *last, char dflt, char *dest) const;

    const mask *<B><A HREF="#ctype&lt;char&gt;::table">table</A></B>() const throw();
    static const mask *<B><A HREF="#ctype&lt;char&gt;::classic_table">classic_table</A></B>() const throw();
    static const size_t <B><A HREF="#ctype&lt;char&gt;::table_size">table_size</A></B>;
    };</PRE>

<P>The class is an explicit specialization of template class
<CODE><A HREF="#ctype">ctype</A></CODE> for type <I>char.</I>
Hence, it describes an object that can serve as a
<A HREF="#locale facet">locale facet</A>, to characterize
various properties of a ``character'' (element) of type <I>char.</I>
The explicit specialization differs from the template class in several
ways:</P>

<UL>
<LI>An object of class <CODE>ctype&lt;char&gt;</CODE> stores a
pointer to the first element of a
<B><A NAME="ctype mask table">ctype mask table</A></B>, an array of
<CODE><A HREF="limits.html#UCHAR_MAX">UCHAR_MAX</A> + 1</CODE>
elements of type
<CODE>ctype_base::<A HREF="#ctype_base::mask">mask</A></CODE>.
It also stores a boolean object that indicates whether the array
should be deleted (using <CODE>operator delete[]</CODE>)
when the <CODE>ctype&lt;Elem&gt;</CODE> object
is destroyed.</LI>

<LI>Its sole public constructor lets you specify <CODE>tab</CODE>, the
ctype mask table, and <CODE>del</CODE>,
the boolean object that is true if the array
should be deleted when the <CODE>ctype&lt;char&gt;</CODE> object
is destroyed -- as well as the usual reference-count parameter
<CODE>refs</CODE>.</LI>

<LI>The protected member function
<CODE><A NAME="ctype&lt;char&gt;::table">table</A>()</CODE>
returns the stored ctype mask table.</LI>

<LI>The static member object
<CODE><A NAME="ctype&lt;char&gt;::table_size">table_size</A></CODE>
specifies the minimum number of elements in a ctype mask table.</LI>

<LI>The protected static member function
<CODE><A NAME="ctype&lt;char&gt;::classic_table">classic_table</A>()</CODE>
returns the ctype mask table appropriate to the
<A HREF="locale.html#C locale"><CODE>"C"</CODE> locale</A>.</LI>

<LI>There are no protected virtual member functions
<CODE><A HREF="#ctype::do_is">do_is</A></CODE>,
<CODE><A HREF="#ctype::do_scan_is">do_scan_is</A></CODE>, or
<CODE><A HREF="#ctype::do_scan_not">do_scan_not</A></CODE>.
The corresponding public member functions perform the
equivalent operations themselves.</LI>

<LI>The member functions
<CODE><A HREF="#ctype::do_narrow">do_narrow</A></CODE> and
<CODE><A HREF="#ctype::do_widen">do_widen</A></CODE> simply
copy elements unaltered.</LI>
</UL>

<H2><CODE><A NAME="ctype_base">ctype_base</A></CODE></H2>

<PRE>class <B>ctype_base</B> {
public:
    enum <B>mask</B> {
        <B>space</B> = 1 &lt;&lt; 0,  // EXAMPLE VALUES ONLY
        <B>print</B> = 1 &lt;&lt; 1,
        <B>cntrl</B> = 1 &lt;&lt; 2,
        <B>upper</B> = 1 &lt;&lt; 3,
        <B>lower</B> = 1 &lt;&lt; 4,
        <B>digit</B> = 1 &lt;&lt; 5,
        <B>punct</B> = 1 &lt;&lt; 6,
        <B>xdigit</B> = 1 &lt;&lt; 7,
        <B>alpha</B> = 1 &lt;&lt; 8,
        <B>alnum</B> = 0x9 &lt;&lt; 5,
        <B>graph</B> = 0xB &lt;&lt; 5};</PRE>

<P>The class serves as a base class for facets of template class
<CODE><A HREF="#ctype">ctype</A></CODE>.
It defines just the enumeration
<B><CODE><A NAME="ctype_base::mask">mask</A></CODE></B>.
Each of the enumeration constants characterizes
a different way to classify characters, as defined by the functions
with similar names declared in the header
<CODE><A HREF="ctype.html#&lt;ctype.h&gt;">&lt;ctype.h&gt;</A></CODE>.
The constants are:</P>

<UL>
<LI><B><CODE><A NAME="ctype_base::space">space</A></CODE></B>
(function <CODE><A HREF="ctype.html#isspace">isspace</A></CODE>)</LI>

<LI><B><CODE><A NAME="ctype_base::print">print</A></CODE></B>
(function <CODE><A HREF="ctype.html#isprint">isprint</A></CODE>)</LI>

<LI><B><CODE><A NAME="ctype_base::cntrl">cntrl</A></CODE></B>
(function <CODE><A HREF="ctype.html#iscntrl">iscntrl</A></CODE>)</LI>

<LI><B><CODE><A NAME="ctype_base::upper">upper</A></CODE></B>
(function <CODE><A HREF="ctype.html#isupper">isupper</A></CODE>)</LI>

<LI><B><CODE><A NAME="ctype_base::lower">lower</A></CODE></B>
(function <CODE><A HREF="ctype.html#islower">islower</A></CODE>)</LI>

<LI><B><CODE><A NAME="ctype_base::digit">digit</A></CODE></B>
(function <CODE><A HREF="ctype.html#isdigit">isdigit</A></CODE>)</LI>

<LI><B><CODE><A NAME="ctype_base::punct">punct</A></CODE></B>
(function <CODE><A HREF="ctype.html#ispunct">ispunct</A></CODE>)</LI>

<LI><B><CODE><A NAME="ctype_base::xdigit">xdigit</A></CODE></B>
(function <CODE><A HREF="ctype.html#isxdigit">isxdigit</A></CODE>)</LI>

<LI><B><CODE><A NAME="ctype_base::alpha">alpha</A></CODE></B>
(function <CODE><A HREF="ctype.html#isalpha">isalpha</A></CODE>)</LI>

<LI><B><CODE><A NAME="ctype_base::alnum">alnum</A></CODE></B>
(function <CODE><A HREF="ctype.html#isalnum">isalnum</A></CODE>)</LI>

<LI><B><CODE><A NAME="ctype_base::graph">graph</A></CODE></B>
(function <CODE><A HREF="ctype.html#isgraph">isgraph</A></CODE>)</LI>
</UL>

<P>You can charaterize a combination of classifications by
ORing these constants. In particular, it is always true that
<CODE>alnum == (alpha | digit)</CODE> and
<CODE>graph == (alnum | punct)</CODE>.</P>

<H2><CODE><A NAME="ctype_byname">ctype_byname</A></CODE></H2>

<PRE>template&lt;class Elem&gt;
    class <B>ctype_byname</B> : public ctype&lt;Elem&gt; {
public:
    explicit <B>ctype_byname</B>(const char *locname,
        size_t refs = 0);
protected:
    <B>~ctype_byname</B>();
    };</PRE>

<P>The template class describes an object that can serve as a
<A HREF="#locale facet">locale facet</A> of type
<CODE><A HREF="#ctype">ctype</A>&lt;Elem&gt;</CODE>.
Its behavior is determined by the
<A HREF="#locale name">named</A> locale <CODE>locname</CODE>.
The constructor initializes its base object with
<CODE><A HREF="#ctype::ctype">ctype</A>&lt;Elem&gt;(refs)</CODE>
(or the equivalent for base class
<CODE><A HREF="#ctype&lt;char&gt;">ctype&lt;char&gt;</A></CODE>).</P>

<H2><CODE><A NAME="has_facet">has_facet</A></CODE></H2>

<PRE>template&lt;class Facet&gt;
    bool <B>has_facet</B>(const locale&amp; loc);</PRE>

<P>The template function returns true if a
<A HREF="#locale facet">locale facet</A> of class <CODE>Facet</CODE>
is listed within the
<A HREF="#locale object">locale object</A> <CODE>loc</CODE>.</P>


<H2><CODE><A NAME="isalnum">isalnum</A></CODE></H2>

<PRE>template&lt;class Elem&gt;
    bool <B>isalnum</B>(Elem ch, const locale&amp; loc) const;</PRE>

<P>The template function returns
<CODE><A HREF="#use_facet">use_facet</A>&lt;
<A HREF="#ctype">ctype</A>&lt;Elem&gt; &gt;(loc).
<A HREF="#ctype::is">is</A>(ctype&lt;Elem&gt;::
<A HREF="#ctype_base::alnum">alnum</A>, ch)</CODE>.</P>

<H2><CODE><A NAME="isalpha">isalpha</A></CODE></H2>

<PRE>template&lt;class Elem&gt;
    bool <B>isalpha</B>(Elem ch, const locale&amp; loc) const;</PRE>

<P>The template function returns
<CODE><A HREF="#use_facet">use_facet</A>&lt;
<A HREF="#ctype">ctype</A>&lt;Elem&gt; &gt;(loc).
<A HREF="#ctype::is">is</A>(ctype&lt;Elem&gt;::
<A HREF="#ctype_base::alpha">alpha</A>, ch)</CODE>.</P>

<H2><CODE><A NAME="iscntrl">iscntrl</A></CODE></H2>

<PRE>template&lt;class Elem&gt;
    bool <B>iscntrl</B>(Elem ch, const locale&amp; loc) const;</PRE>

<P>The template function returns
<CODE><A HREF="#use_facet">use_facet</A>&lt;
<A HREF="#ctype">ctype</A>&lt;Elem&gt; &gt;(loc).
<A HREF="#ctype::is">is</A>(ctype&lt;Elem&gt;::
<A HREF="#ctype_base::cntrl">cntrl</A>, ch)</CODE>.</P>

<H2><CODE><A NAME="isdigit">isdigit</A></CODE></H2>

<PRE>template&lt;class Elem&gt;
    bool <B>isdigit</B>(Elem ch, const locale&amp; loc) const;</PRE>

<P>The template function returns
<CODE><A HREF="#use_facet">use_facet</A>&lt;
<A HREF="#ctype">ctype</A>&lt;Elem&gt; &gt;(loc).
<A HREF="#ctype::is">is</A>(ctype&lt;Elem&gt;::
<A HREF="#ctype_base::digit">digit</A>, ch)</CODE>.</P>

<H2><CODE><A NAME="isgraph">isgraph</A></CODE></H2>

<PRE>template&lt;class Elem&gt;
    bool <B>isgraph</B>(Elem ch, const locale&amp; loc) const;</PRE>

<P>The template function returns
<CODE><A HREF="#use_facet">use_facet</A>&lt;
<A HREF="#ctype">ctype</A>&lt;Elem&gt; &gt;(loc).
<A HREF="#ctype::is">is</A>(ctype&lt;Elem&gt;::
<A HREF="#ctype_base::graph">graph</A>, ch)</CODE>.</P>

<H2><CODE><A NAME="islower">islower</A></CODE></H2>

<PRE>template&lt;class Elem&gt;
    bool <B>islower</B>(Elem ch, const locale&amp; loc) const;</PRE>

<P>The template function returns
<CODE><A HREF="#use_facet">use_facet</A>&lt;
<A HREF="#ctype">ctype</A>&lt;Elem&gt; &gt;(loc).
<A HREF="#ctype::is">is</A>(ctype&lt;Elem&gt;::
<A HREF="#ctype_base::lower">lower</A>, ch)</CODE>.</P>

<H2><CODE><A NAME="isprint">isprint</A></CODE></H2>

<PRE>template&lt;class Elem&gt;
    bool <B>isprint</B>(Elem ch, const locale&amp; loc) const;</PRE>

<P>The template function returns
<CODE><A HREF="#use_facet">use_facet</A>&lt;
<A HREF="#ctype">ctype</A>&lt;Elem&gt; &gt;(loc).
<A HREF="#ctype::is">is</A>(ctype&lt;Elem&gt;::
<A HREF="#ctype_base::print">print</A>, ch)</CODE>.</P>

<H2><CODE><A NAME="ispunct">ispunct</A></CODE></H2>

<PRE>template&lt;class Elem&gt;
    bool <B>ispunct</B>(Elem ch, const locale&amp; loc) const;</PRE>

<P>The template function returns
<CODE><A HREF="#use_facet">use_facet</A>&lt;
<A HREF="#ctype">ctype</A>&lt;Elem&gt; &gt;(loc).
<A HREF="#ctype::is">is</A>(ctype&lt;Elem&gt;::
<A HREF="#ctype_base::punct">punct</A>, ch)</CODE>.</P>

<H2><CODE><A NAME="isspace">isspace</A></CODE></H2>

<PRE>template&lt;class Elem&gt;
    bool <B>isspace</B>(Elem ch, const locale&amp; loc) const;</PRE>

<P>The template function returns
<CODE><A HREF="#use_facet">use_facet</A>&lt;
<A HREF="#ctype">ctype</A>&lt;Elem&gt; &gt;(loc).
<A HREF="#ctype::is">is</A>(ctype&lt;Elem&gt;::
<A HREF="#ctype_base::space">space</A>, ch)</CODE>.</P>

<H2><CODE><A NAME="isupper">isupper</A></CODE></H2>

<PRE>template&lt;class Elem&gt;
    bool <B>isupper</B>(Elem ch, const locale&amp; loc) const;</PRE>

<P>The template function returns
<CODE><A HREF="#use_facet">use_facet</A>&lt;
<A HREF="#ctype">ctype</A>&lt;Elem&gt; &gt;(loc).
<A HREF="#ctype::is">is</A>(ctype&lt;Elem&gt;::
<A HREF="#ctype_base::upper">upper</A>, ch)</CODE>.</P>

<H2><CODE><A NAME="isxdigit">isxdigit</A></CODE></H2>

<PRE>template&lt;class Elem&gt;
    bool <B>isxdigit</B>(Elem ch, const locale&amp; loc) const;</PRE>

<P>The template function returns
<CODE><A HREF="#use_facet">use_facet</A>&lt;
<A HREF="#ctype">ctype</A>&lt;Elem&gt; &gt;(loc).
<A HREF="#ctype::is">is</A>(ctype&lt;Elem&gt;::
<A HREF="#ctype_base::xdigit">xdigit</A>, ch)</CODE>.</P>

<H2><CODE><A NAME="locale">locale</A></CODE></H2>

<HR>