asteroid.c

这个是延伸mame的在wince平台下的游戏模拟器的代码

#include "driver.h"

/*
	Asteroids Voice breakdown:
	0 - thump
	1 - saucer
	2 - player fire
	3 - saucer fire
	4 - player thrust
	5 - extra life
	6 - explosions
*/

/* Constants for the sound names in the asteroid sample array */
/* Move the sounds Astdelux and Asteroid have in common to the */
/* beginning. BW */
/* Swapped High and Low thump. Corrected saucer sound stop */

#define kExplode1    0
#define kExplode2    1
#define kExplode3    2
#define kThrust      3
#define kHighThump   4
#define kLowThump    5
#define kFire        6
#define kLargeSaucer 7
#define kSmallSaucer 8
#define kSaucerFire	 9
#define kLife        10

/* Variables for the lander custom sound support */

#define MIN_SLICE 10
#define LANDER_OVERSAMPLE_RATE	768000

#ifdef SIGNED_SAMPLES
  #define AUDIO_CONV8(A) ((A)-0x80)
  #define AUDIO_CONV16(A) ((A)-0x8000)
#else
  #define AUDIO_CONV8(A) ((A))
  #define AUDIO_CONV16(A) ((A))
#endif

static int sinetable[64]=
{
	128,140,153,165,177,188,199,209,218,226,234,240,245,250,253,254,
	255,254,253,250,245,240,234,226,218,209,199,188,177,165,153,140,
	128,116,103, 91, 79, 68, 57, 47, 38, 30, 22, 16, 11,  6,  3,  2,
	1  ,2  ,3  ,  6, 11, 16, 22, 30, 38, 47, 57, 68, 79, 91,103,116
};

static int llander_volume[8]={0x00,0x20,0x40,0x60,0x80,0xa0,0xc0,0xff};
static int buffer_len;
static int emulation_rate;
static long multiplier;
static int sample_pos;
static int channel;
static int lfsr_index;
static void *sample_buffer;
static unsigned short *lfsr_buffer;

static int volume;
static int tone_6khz;
static int tone_3khz;
static int llander_explosion;


void asteroid_explode_w (int offset,int data)
{
	static int explosion = -1;
	int explosion2;
	int sound = -1;


	if (data & 0x3c)
	{
#ifdef DEBUG

#endif
		explosion2 = data >> 6;
		if (explosion2 != explosion)
		{
			sample_stop(0);
			switch (explosion2)
			{
				case 0:
				case 1:
					sound = kExplode1;
					break;
				case 2:
					sound = kExplode2;
					break;
				case 3:
					sound = kExplode3;
					break;
			}

			sample_start(0,sound,0);
		}
		explosion = explosion2;
	}
	else explosion = -1;
}



void asteroid_thump_w (int offset,int data)
{
	/* is the volume bit on? */
	if (data & 0x10)
	{
		int sound;

		if (data & 0x0f)
			sound = kLowThump;
		else
			sound = kHighThump;
		sample_start(1,sound,0);
	}
}



void asteroid_sounds_w (int offset,int data)
{
	static int fire = 0;
	static int sfire = 0;
	static int saucer = 0;
	static int lastsaucer = 0;
	static int lastthrust = 0;
	int sound;
	int fire2;
	int sfire2;


	switch (offset)
	{
		case 0: /* Saucer sounds */
			if ((data&0x80) && !(lastsaucer&0x80))
			{
				if (saucer)
					sound = kLargeSaucer;
				else
					sound = kSmallSaucer;
				sample_start(2,sound,1);
			}
			if (!(data&0x80) && (lastsaucer&0x80))
				sample_stop(2);
			lastsaucer=data;
			break;
		case 1: /* Saucer fire */
			sfire2 = data & 0x80;
			if (sfire2!=sfire)
			{
				sample_stop(3);
				if (sfire2) sample_start(3,kSaucerFire,0);
			}
			sfire=sfire2;
			break;
		case 2: /* Saucer sound select */
			saucer = data & 0x80;
			break;
		case 3: /* Player thrust */
			if ((data&0x80) && !(lastthrust&0x80)) sample_start(4,kThrust,1);
			if (!(data&0x80) && (lastthrust&0x80)) sample_stop(4);
			lastthrust=data;
			break;
		case 4: /* Player fire */
			fire2 = data & 0x80;
			if (fire2 != fire)
			{
				sample_stop(5);
				if (fire2) sample_start(5,kFire,0);
			}
			fire = fire2;
			break;
		case 5: /* life sound */
			if (data & 0x80) sample_start(6,kLife,0);
			break;
	}
}



void astdelux_sounds_w (int offset,int data)
{
	static int lastthrust = 0;

	if (!(data&0x80) && (lastthrust&0x80)) sample_start (1,kThrust,1);
	if ((data&0x80) && !(lastthrust&0x80)) sample_stop (1);
	lastthrust=data;
}



/***************************************************************************

  Lunar Lander Specific Sound Code

***************************************************************************/

int llander_sh_start(void)
{
	int loop,lfsrtmp,nor1,nor2,bit14,bit6;
	long fraction,remainder;

        /* Dont initialise if no sound system */
        if (Machine->sample_rate == 0) return 0;

	/* Initialise the simple vars */

	volume=0;
	tone_3khz=0;
	tone_6khz=0;
	llander_explosion=0;

	buffer_len = Machine->sample_rate / Machine->drv->frames_per_second;
	emulation_rate = buffer_len * Machine->drv->frames_per_second;
	sample_pos = 0;

	/* Calculate the multipler to convert output sample number to the oversample rate (768khz) number */
	/* multipler is held as a fixed point number 16:16                                                */

	multiplier=LANDER_OVERSAMPLE_RATE/(long)emulation_rate;
	remainder=multiplier*LANDER_OVERSAMPLE_RATE;
	fraction=remainder<<16;
	fraction/=emulation_rate;

	multiplier=(multiplier<<16)+fraction;

	/* Generate the LFSR lookup table for the lander white noise generator */

	lfsr_index=0;
	if ((lfsr_buffer = malloc(65536*2)) == 0) return 1;

	for(loop=0;loop<65536;loop++)
	{
		/* Calc next LFSR value from current value */

		lfsrtmp=(short)loop<<1;

		bit14=(loop&0x04000)?1:0;
		bit6=(loop&0x0040)?1:0;

		nor1=(!( bit14 &&  bit6 ) )?0:1;			/* Note the inversion for the NOR gate */
		nor2=(!(!bit14 && !bit6 ) )?0:1;
		lfsrtmp|=nor1|nor2;

		lfsr_buffer[loop]=lfsrtmp;
	}

	/* Allocate channel and buffer */

	channel = get_play_channels(1);

	if ((sample_buffer = malloc((Machine->sample_bits/8)*buffer_len)) == 0) return 1;
	memset(sample_buffer,0,(Machine->sample_bits/8)*buffer_len);

	return 0;
}

void llander_sh_stop(void)
{
}


/***************************************************************************

  Sample Generation code.

  Lander has 4 sound sources: 3khz, 6khz, thrust, explosion

  As the filtering removes a lot of the signal amplitute on thrust and
  explosion paths the gain is partitioned unequally:

  3khz (tone)             Gain 1
  6khz (tone)             Gain 1
  thrust (12khz noise)    Gain 2
  explosion (12khz noise) Gain 4

  After combining the sources the output is scaled accordingly. (Div 8)

  Sound generation is done by oversampling (x64) of the signal to remove the
  need to interpolate between samples. It gives the closest point of the
  sample point to the real signal, there is a small error between the two, the
  higher the oversample rate the lower the error.

                                         oversample_rate
     oversample_number = sample_number * ---------------
                                         sample_rate

     e.g for sample rate=44100 hz and oversample_rate=768000 hz

     oversample_number = sample_number * 17.41487

  The calculations are all done in fixed point 16.16 format. The oversample is
  mapped to the sinewave in the following manner

     e.g for 3khz (12khz / 4)

     sine point = ( oversample_number / 4 ) & 0b00111111

     this coverts the oversample down to 3khz x 64 then wraps the buffer mod
     64 to give the sample point.

  The oversample rate chosen in lander is 12khz * 64 = 768khz as 12khz is a
  binary multiple of the all the frequencies involved.

  The noise generation is done by linear feedback shift register which I've
  modelled with an array, the array value at the current index points to the
  next index to be used, the table is precalulated at startup.

  The output of noise is taken evertime we cross a 12khz boundary, the code
  then sets a target value (noisetarg), we then scan the gap between the last
  oversample point and the current oversample point at the oversample rate
  using the following algorithm:

    noisecurrent = noisecurrent + (noisetarg-noisecurrent) * small_value

    (currently small value = 1/256)

  again this is done in fixed point 16.16 and results in the smoothing of the
  output waveform which reduces the high frequency noise. It also reduces the
  overall amplitude swing of the output, hence the gain partitioning.

  You could probably argue that the oversample rate could be dropped without
  any loss in quality and would recude the cpu load, but lander is hardly a cpu
  hog.

  The outputs from all of the above are then added and scaled up/down to a single
  sample

  K.Wilkins 13/5/98

***************************************************************************/

void llander_process(void *buffer,int start, int n)
{
	static int sampnum=0;
	static long noisetarg=0,noisecurrent=0;
	static long lastoversampnum=0;
	int loop,sample;
	long oversampnum,loop2;

	for(loop=0;loop<n;loop++)
	{
		oversampnum=(long)(sampnum*multiplier)>>16;

		/* Pick up new noise target value whenever 12khz changes */

		if(lastoversampnum>>6!=oversampnum>>6)
		{
			lfsr_index=lfsr_buffer[lfsr_index];
			noisetarg=(lfsr_buffer[lfsr_index]&0x4000)?llander_volume[volume]:0x00;
			noisetarg<<=16;
		}

		/* Do tracking of noisetarg to noise current done in fixed point 16:16    */
		/* each step takes us 1/256 of the difference between desired and current */

		for(loop2=lastoversampnum;loop2<oversampnum;loop2++)
		{
			noisecurrent+=(noisetarg-noisecurrent)>>7;	/* Equiv of multiply by 1/256 */
		}

		sample=(int)(noisecurrent>>16);
		sample<<=1;	/* Gain = 2 */

		if(tone_3khz)
		{
			sample+=sinetable[(oversampnum>>2)&0x3f];
		}
		if(tone_6khz)
		{
			sample+=sinetable[(oversampnum>>1)&0x3f];
		}
		if(llander_explosion)
		{
			sample+=(int)(noisecurrent>>(16-2));	/* Gain of 4 */
		}

		/* Scale ouput down to buffer */

		if( Machine->sample_bits == 16 )
		{
			((unsigned short *)buffer)[start+loop]=AUDIO_CONV16(sample<<5);
		}
		else
		{
			((unsigned char *)buffer)[start+loop]=AUDIO_CONV8(sample>>3);
		}

		sampnum++;
		lastoversampnum=oversampnum;
	}
}


void llander_sh_update_partial(void)
{
	int newpos;

	if (Machine->sample_rate == 0) return;

	newpos = cpu_scalebyfcount(buffer_len); /* get current position based on the timer */

	if(newpos-sample_pos<MIN_SLICE) return;

	/* Process count samples into the buffer */

	llander_process (sample_buffer, sample_pos, newpos - sample_pos);

	/* Update sample position */

	sample_pos = newpos;
}


void llander_sh_update(void)
{
	if (Machine->sample_rate == 0) return;

        if (sample_pos < buffer_len) llander_process (sample_buffer, sample_pos, buffer_len - sample_pos);
	sample_pos = 0;

	if( Machine->sample_bits == 16 )
	{
	        osd_play_streamed_sample_16(channel,sample_buffer,2*buffer_len,emulation_rate,0xff,OSD_PAN_CENTER);
	}
	else
	{
	        osd_play_streamed_sample(channel,sample_buffer,buffer_len,emulation_rate,0xff,OSD_PAN_CENTER);
	}
}

void llander_snd_reset_w(int offset,int data)
{
        lfsr_index=0;
}

void llander_sounds_w (int offset,int data)
{
	/* Update sound to present */
	llander_sh_update_partial();

	/* Lunar Lander sound breakdown */

	volume    = data & 0x07;
	tone_3khz = data & 0x10;
	tone_6khz = data & 0x20;
	llander_explosion = data & 0x08;
}