⭐ 欢迎来到虫虫下载站! | 📦 资源下载 📁 资源专辑 ℹ️ 关于我们
⭐ 虫虫下载站

📄 gaw.ps

📁 较好的一种新的关于遗传算法的源程序
💻 PS
📖 第 1 页 / 共 5 页
字号:
850(1989.)S690 2706(G)U(oldberg,)R979(D.)S1067(E.)S1147(\(1989\).)S2 F1363(Genetic)S1589(Algorithms)S1904(in)S1977(Search)S2182(Optimization)S2548(&)S2621(Machine)S2873(Learning.)S1 F540 2964(U)U690 2784(Addison-Wesley.)U588 2964(sers)U717(wishing)S952(to)S1029(experiment)S1350(with)S1493(genetic)S1708(algorithms)S2015(in)S2092(their)S2238(own)S2378(programs)S2652(may)S2790(be)S2877(interested)S3114 3042(t)U540 3120(i)U540 3042(in)U617(a)S672(package)S913(called)S1095(GENESIS.)S1432(This)S1575(is)S1645(a)S1700(set)S1799(of)S1879(very)S2021(useful)S2207(subroutines)S2536(written)S2747(in)S2823(C)S2892(and)S3012(buil)S558 3120(nto)U675(a)S737(tool)S871(for)S980(experimenti)S1293(ng)S1391(with)S1540(different)S5 F1798(")S1 F(\257avours)R5 F(")R1 F2099(of)S2186(algorithm.)S2512(GENESIS)S2816(is)S2892(far)S2997(more)S540 3276(i)U540 3198(\257exible)U762(than)S900(the)S1005(Workbench)S1337(but)S1446(is)S1515(not)S1624(interacti)S1838(ve)S1925(and)S2045(has)S2158(no)S2249(graphical)S2518(output)S2711(built)S2856(in.)S2971(As)S3070(an)S558 3276(ntegrated)U832(tool,)S981(GENESIS)S1283(will)S1415(run)S1533(on)S1629(most)S1787(Unix)S1949(systems,)S2205(but)S2319(the)S2428(genetic)S2646(algorithm)S2930(subrou-)S540 3432(f)U540 3354(tines)U691(are)S798(easily)S978(ported)S1173(to)S1251(any)S1373(system)S1583(with)S1727(a)S1783(standard)S2033(C)S2104(compiler.)S2403(GENESIS)S2701(can)S2818(be)S2906(obtained)S562 3432(rom)U690(its)S774(author:)S1193 3612(,)U660 3690(N)U660 3612(John)U807(J.)S872(Grefenstette)S708 3690(avy)U825(Center)S1022(for)S1121(Applied)S1355(Research)S1618(in)S1691(Arti\256cial)S1950(Intelligenc)S2230(e,)S660 3846(U)U660 3768(Naval)U839(Research)S1102(Laboratory,)S1433(Washington,)S1790(D.C.)S1938(20375-5000.)S708 3846(SA.)U540 4050(T)U(he)R675(author)S876(of)S964(the)S1077(Workbench)S1417(program)S1673(is)S1750(happy)S1944(to)S2028(correspond)S2354(with)S2504(users)S2673(interested)S2961(in)S2990 4128(-)U540 4206(u)U540 4128(learning)U779(more)S938(about)S1108(genetic)S1321(algorithms,)S1643(or)S1722(who)S1860(wish)S2009(to)S2084(discuss)S2298(their)S2441(relevance)S2715(to)S2789(a)S2841(partic)S573 4206(lar)U664(kind)S803(of)S880(problem.)S1160(He)S1259(can)S1372(be)S1456(reached)S1682(by)S1770(writing)S1982(to)S2055(the)S2157(following)S2435(address:)S3 F72 Z1818 4383(8)UEP%%Page: ? 10BP1 F66 Z660 594(2)U660 516(Mark)U825(Hughes,)S693 594(56)U781(Milton)S982(Road,)S660 750(C)U660 672(Cambridge,)U704 750(B4)U803(1LQ.)S660 984(I)U660 828(UK.)U682 984(nternet:)U904(mrh)S5 F(@)R1 F(camcon.co.uk)R3 F72 Z1818 4383(9)UEP%%Page: ? 11BP1 F66 Z540 696(T)U3 F72 Z540 516(5.)U642(Appendix)S966(A)S1042(-)S1090(Workbench)S1478(Algorithms)S1 F66 Z580 696(his)U681(appendix)S946(describes)S1215(the)S1319(implement)S1599(ation)S1754(of)S1833(the)S1937(genetic)S2150(algorithm)S2429(and)S2548(operators)S2817(used)S2961(in)S3 F72 Z540 1002(5)U1 F66 Z540 774(the)U642(Workbench)S971(program.)S3 F72 Z576 1002(.1.)U696(Solving)S948(Problems)S1264(with)S1424(a)S1484(Genetic)S1744(Algorithm)S1 F66 Z2979 1182(d)U540 1260(g)U540 1182(A)U612(genetic)S825(algorithm)S1104(evolves)S1329(solutions)S1590(to)S1664(a)S1716(problem)S1958(through)S2186(natural)S2391(selection,)S2664(breeding)S2917(an)S573 1260(enetic)U755(variation.)S1053(This)S1196(involves)S1445(generating)S1748(a)S1803(population)S2109(of)S2189(solutions,)S2469(measuring)S2768(their)S2913(sui-)S2990 1338(-)U540 1416(t)U540 1338(tability)U749(or)S827(\256tness,)S1036(selecting)S1292(the)S1395(better)S1567(solutions)S1828(for)S1928(breeding)S2181(which)S2365(produces)S2626(a)S2678(new)S2811(popula)S558 1416(ion.)U703(The)S827(process)S1047(is)S1113(repeated)S1357(and)S1474(gradually)S1744(the)S1846(population)S2149(evolves)S2372(towards)S2603(the)S2705(solution.)S2983 1596(e)U540 1674(t)U540 1596(In)U623(the)S731(genetic)S948(algorithm)S1231(Workbench,)S1583(the)S1691(problem)S1938(is)S2010(to)S2089(\256nd)S2220(the)S2328(value)S2498(of)S2580(x)S2640(for)S2744(which)S2932(th)S558 1674(arget)U713(function)S956(has)S1068(a)S1121(maximum)S1411(value)S1577(of)S1656(f\(x\).)S1818(Each)S1973(individual)S2263(in)S2338(the)S2441(population)S2745(represents)S2986 1752(s)U540 1830(o)U540 1752(a)U593(solution)S829(to)S903(this)S1021(problem)S1263(in)S1337(the)S1440(form)S1591(of)S1669(a)S1721(candidate)S1995(value)S2160(for)S2260(x.)S2355(The)S2480(suitability)S2765(or)S2843(\256tnes)S573 1830(f)U622(the)S729(individual)S1022(is)S1093(simply)S1299(taken)S1468(by)S1561(calculat)S1764(ing)S1875(the)S1981(value)S2149(of)S2230(f\(x\))S2355(for)S2458(the)S2564(individual.)S2895(This)S2995 1908(,)U540 1986(a)U540 1908(leads)U704(to)S784(an)S875(individual)S1170(whose)S1368(value)S1539(of)S1623(x)S1685(corresponds)S2033(to)S2113(a)S2171(high)S2317(value)S2487(of)S2570(f\(x\))S2697(being)S2871(\256tter)S569 1986(nd)U658(consequently)S1028(being)S1197(given)S1366(a)S1418(greater)S1622(chance)S1826(of)S1903(breeding,)S2172(than)S2307(an)S2391(individual)S2679(whose)S2870(value)S3 F72 Z540 2292(5)U1 F66 Z540 2064(of)U617(x)S672(corresponds)S1013(to)S1086(a)S1137(lower)S1309(value)S1473(of)S1550(f\(x\).)S3 F72 Z576 2292(.2.)U696(Genotype)S1016(Coding)S1 F66 Z540 2472(I)U(n)R618(the)S721(same)S879(way)S1012(that)S1133(the)S1236(genetic)S1448(information)S1780(of)S1857(animals)S2083(is)S2149(coded)S2328(as)S2405(a)S2456(string)S2628(\(of)S2727(DNA\),)S2932(the)S2986 2550(s)U540 2628(c)U540 2550(genetic)U753(information)S1087(of)S1166(each)S1310(individual,)S1616(i.e.)S1720(its)S1805(value)S1970(of)S2048(x,)S2121(is)S2188(also)S2317(coded)S2497(as)S2575(a)S2627(string.)S2839(In)S2917(thi)S569 2628(ase)U681(as)S764(a)S821(string)S999(of)S1082(zeros)S1249(or)S1331(ones)S1479(which)S1667(can)S1785(be)S1874(interpreted)S2185(as)S2267(a)S2323(simple)S2525(binary)S2720(code.)S2910(The)S540 2784(s)U540 2706(choice)U744(of)S832(a)S894(string)S1077(representation)S1482(is)S1558(deliberate)S1848(because)S2088(it)S2156(allows)S2360(processes)S2645(which)S2838(act)S2946(on)S566 2784(trings)U739(of)S817(DNA)S984(during)S1179(natural)S1384(evolution)S1655(to)S1729(be)S1814(implement)S2094(ed)S2179(by)S2267(the)S2369(computer)S2639(version)S2855(of)S2932(the)S540 3042(T)U540 2862(genetic)U751(algorithm.)S580 3042(he)U671(string)S850(coding)S1058(of)S1141(each)S1289(individual)S1583(is)S1655(known)S1863(as)S1946(its)S2036(genotype)S2305(in)S2384(biological)S2674(terminology,)S3 F72 Z540 3348(5)U1 F66 Z540 3120(while)U708(its)S792(interpretat)S1061(ion,)S1184(i.e.)S1287(its)S1371(value)S1535(of)S1612(x,)S1684(is)S1750(referred)S1980(to)S2053(as)S2130(its)S2214(phenotype.)S3 F72 Z576 3348(.3.)U696(Genetic)S956(Algorithm)S1300(Implementation)S1 F66 Z540 3528(T)U(he)R675(genetic)S897(algorithm)S1185(implement)S1465(ed)S1560(by)S1659(this)S1786(program)S2041(boils)S2201(down)S2380(to)S2463(the)S2575(following)S2863(steps.)S540 3684(s)U540 3606(\(Note)U719(that)S846(a)S904(number)S1134(of)S1218(new)S1357(terms,)S1549(shown)S1751(in)S1830(italics,)S2031(are)S2139(introduced)S2448(during)S2648(the)S2756(following)S566 3684(teps)U702(without)S932(full)S1052(explanation.)S1426(These)S1612(terms)S1787(refer)S1940(to)S2020(operations)S2323(that)S2450(are)S2559(explained)S2843(subse-)S540 3942(\()U540 3762(quently.\))U562 3942(1\))U690(Generate)S950(an)S1035(initial)S1210(population)S1514(of)S1592(organisms.)S1925(The)S2050(random)S2274(number)S2497(generator)S2767(is)S2833(seeded)S2990 4020(-)U690 4098(i)U690 4020(with)U830(the)S933(value)S1098(of)S5 F1176(")S1 F(Random)R4 F1450(#)S1 F1506(seed)S5 F(")R1 F1674(\(see)S1803(section)S2012(3.5\),)S2157(and)S2275(a)S2327(new)S2460(population)S2763(of)S2840(organ)S708 4098(sms)U842(is)S917(generated)S1203(each)S1354(with)S1502(a)S1562(different)S1819(random)S2051(genotype.)S2362(This)S2510(happens)S2756(whenever)S690 4176(the)U5 F807(")S1 F(Reset)R1018(Alg)S5 F(")R1 F1182(command)S1477(is)S1557(invoked)S1805(from)S1969(the)S2085(main)S2252(menu.)S2473(The)S2611(command)S2906(also)S3 F72 Z1800 4383(10)UEP%%Page: ? 12BP1 F66 Z690 516(r)U(esets)R868(the)S975(generation)S1279(counter)S1503(to)S1581(0)S1641(and)S1763(clears)S1943(the)S2050(output)S2245(variables)S2509(which)S2697(are)S2804(updated)S2983 594(e)U690 672(v)U690 594(during)U899(each)S1056(algorithm)S1348(run.)S1512(The)S1651(number)S1889(of)S1980(organisms)S2287(generated)S2578(depends)S2830(on)S2932(th)S723 672(alue)U854(of)S931(the)S2 F1033(population)S1 F1340(input)S1497(variable.)S540 852(\()U(2\))R690(Calculate)S972(and)S1102(scale)S1268(new)S1412(\256tnesses.)S1709(Each)S1874(new)S2018(individual's)S2366(\256tness)S2569(is)S2647(calculat)S2850(ed)S2946(by)S2990 930(f)U690 1008(s)U690 930(reading)U919(a)S980(value)S1154(of)S1241(f\(x\))S1372(from)S1531(the)S1642(target)S1822(function)S2072(at)S2150(the)S2261(individual's)S2606(value)S2779(of)S2865(x.)S2968(I)S716 1008(elected,)U2 F940(\256tness)S1127(scaling)S1 F1339(is)S1405(now)S1541(done.)S540 1188(\()U(3\))R690(Select)S872(individuals)S1186(for)S1285(breeding.)S1576(A)S1646(subset)S1833(of)S1910(the)S2012(population)S2315(is)S2381(selected)S2614(for)S2713(breeding.)S2979 1368(d)U540(\(4\))S690(Breed)S870(to)S944(produce)S1179(new)S1312(population.)S1655(The)S1780(set)S1876(of)S1954(breeders)S2200(are)S2303(taken)S2468(in)S2542(random)S2766(pairs)S2917(an)S690 1446(mated)U872(to)S945(produce)S1179(pairs)S1329(of)S1406(new)S1538(organisms,)S1848(the)S1950(progeny.)S2990 1626(-)U540(\(5\))S690(Disperse)S944(progeny)S1183(into)S1308(the)S1411(population.)S1754(The)S1879(new)S2012(progeny)S2251(are)S2354(inserted)S2585(into)S2709(the)S2811(popula)S690 1704(tion,)U831(displacing)S1123(existing)S1353(individuals.)S540 1884(A)U(fter)R701(the)S803(last)S916(step,)S1061(the)S1163(algorithm)S1440(begins)S1634(again)S1798(at)S1867(step)S1995(2,)S2067(starting)S2286(the)S2388(next)S2523(generation.)S540 2292(E)U3 F72 Z540 2112(5.4.)U696(Summary)S1024(of)S1108(Algorithm)S1452(Input)S1648(Variables)S1 F66 Z580 2292(ach)U693(input)S850(variable)S1083(to)S1156(the)S1258(simple)S1455(genetic)S1666(algorithm)S1943(is)S2009(summarised)S2349(below.)S540 2700(T)U3 F72 Z540 2520(5.4.1.)U750(Population)S1 F66 Z580 2700(his)U687(input)S852(variable)S1093(determines)S1411(the)S1520(number)S1750(of)S1834(individuals)S2155(in)S2235(the)S2344(population.)S2693(That)S2842(is,)S2932(the)S2994 2778(l)U540 2856(a)U540 2778(number)U765(of)S844(candidate)S1119(solutions)S1381(being)S1551(manipulate)S1842(d)S1899(by)S1989(the)S2093(algorithm)S2372(at)S2443(any)S2562(time.)S2741(Too)S2870(smal)S594 2856(population)U900(and)S1020(there)S1176(will)S1303(be)S1390(little)S1534(opportunity)S1866(for)S1968(genetic)S2182(variation,)S2457(too)S2565(large)S2720(and)S2839(the)S2943(al-)S540 3114(F)U540 2934(gorithm)U770(will)S894(reduce)S1091(to)S1164(a)S1215(random)S1438(search.)S577 3114(or)U665(the)S778(problem)S1030(posed)S1217(in)S1301(the)S1414(Workbench,)S1771(populations)S2111(as)S2199(low)S2331(as)S2418(5)S2483(to)S2566(10)S2664(can)S2787(be)S2881(quite)S2986 3192(s)U540 3270(l)U540 3192(effective)U802(but)S919(in)S1003(more)S1171(complex)S1430(problems)S1708(where)S1902(there)S2066(are)S2179(many)S2358(more)S2526(possible)S2774(solution)S558 3270(arger)U724(populations)S1062(are)S1172(required.)S1460(However,)S1749(even)S1903(for)S2010(very)S2157(complex)S2413(problems,)S2705(populations)S540 3528(O)U540 3348(rarely)U715(exceed)S919(a)S970(few)S1091(hundred)S1329(individuals.)S588 3528(ne)U684(of)S772(the)S885(reasons)S1116(why)S1263(surprisingly)S1611(small)S1786(populations)S2126(can)S2250(be)S2345(effective)S2607(is)S

⌨️ 快捷键说明

复制代码 Ctrl + C
搜索代码 Ctrl + F
全屏模式 F11
切换主题 Ctrl + Shift + D
显示快捷键 ?
增大字号 Ctrl + =
减小字号 Ctrl + -