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<hr><p align="left"><small>发信人: plato (纯真年代), 信区: Embedded <br>
标 题: linux for ppc chapter 10 <br>
发信站: BBS 水木清华站 (Wed May 30 23:16:14 2001) <br>
<br>
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10. Kernel <br>
10.1 Series <br>
You will need to decide whether to use a tried-and-tested stable series kern <br>
el, or a development kernel. The choice will depend on your project requirme <br>
nts, and how much work you want to do to port and maintain the kernel on you <br>
r hardware. For any non-trivial project, you can expect several major kernel <br>
releases during the project's life. Consider the availability of the featur <br>
es you need, how leading edge you want to be, and the likely status of each <br>
kernel series by the time you're ready to ship. <br>
You are probably best off using the stable version, unless you want to activ <br>
ely participate in future development of Linux itself, or require features a <br>
nd/or board support only present in the development series. <br>
Stable <br>
Montavista <br>
The latest stable kernel from the MontaVista Hard Hat Linux kit is probably <br>
your best bet. <br>
your best bet. <br>
Also, check for later updates in: ftp://ftp.mvista.com/pub/CDK/updates/, <br>
or for the very latest work-in-progress, see: ftp://ftp.mvista.com/pub/CDK/w <br>
ip/ppc_8xx/RPMS <br>
Denx Software Engineering <br>
ftp://ftp.denx.de/pub/LinuxPPC/usr/src/ <br>
Development <br>
FSMLabs <br>
http://www.fsmlabs.com/linuxppcbk.html. <br>
The latest up-to-the-minute development kernel for PowerPC devices can be ac <br>
cessed via a number of methods. <br>
Official Sources <br>
http://www.kernel.org/ <br>
Work is ongoing to merge the embedded PowerPC changes into the current devel <br>
opment tree, but the latest PPC changes take some time to propagate here. <br>
10.2 Memory Map <br>
The boot loader is responsible for configuring the memory map before jumping <br>
to the Linux kernel. Embedded PowerPC processors provide extreme flexibilit <br>
y for address mapping of internal and external devices. You should use this <br>
flexibitily to configure the memory map of your board to match the needs of <br>
the Linux kernel, rather than modify the Linux kernel MMU handling to match <br>
some arbitrary addressing scheme. <br>
See: http://lists.linuxppc.org/listarcs/linuxppc-embedded/200005/msg00157.ht <br>
ml also check out Documentation/IO-mapping.txt in the kernel source tree. <br>
10.3 Porting <br>
Provided that the CPU you are using is already supported in the kernel, most <br>
of the work involved in porting Linux to a new platform actually involves c <br>
hanges to the ROM startup code, rather than the kernel itself. The other maj <br>
or kernel effort required is in device drivers for new hardware devices. <br>
10.4 Patches <br>
Once you've got something working, there's an abundance of kernel patches av <br>
ailable on the 'net which can help customise the kernel to your application. <br>
Patches are generally issued against a particular kernel version, but can o <br>
ften be applied against other versions either automatically or with manual a <br>
ssistance. <br>
For a number of embedded-system related patches including kernel size optimi <br>
sations, see: http://members.xoom.com/greyhams/linux/patches/ <br>
Peter Allworth has some kernel patches at: http://www.zeta.org.au/~linsol/ <br>
10.5 Contributing <br>
The people who actively contribute to open source development are also the o <br>
nes that benefit the most from it, so it makes sense to actively contribute <br>
wherever you can. <br>
Virtually all the existing embedded Linux code is covered by the GPL, which <br>
requires you to redistribute any changes you make. Contributing your work of <br>
fers an invaluable opportunity for peer review far beyond what is normally p <br>
ossible within a single organisation, and can save countless hours of unnece <br>
ssary debugging. <br>
10.6 Submitting Patches <br>
In general, patches should be submitted in unidiff format to the mailing lis <br>
t. Even if you submit them directly to the maintainer, remember to cc: a cop <br>
y to the mailing list, to keep everyone else informed of what's going on. If <br>
it's large, put it up for ftp and post a pointer instead. <br>
10.7 Coding Style <br>
When working on an existing code base, you should always use whatever coding <br>
style is used in the existing code. Consistency here is better than your su <br>
bjective notion of correctness. <br>
When working on the kernel, follow the guidelines in Documentation/CodingSty <br>
le. <br>
When working on other GNU software, follow the guidelines at http://www.gnu. <br>
org/prep/standards_toc.html. <br>
And remember, you don't have to like the guidelines, you just have to follow <br>
them. <br>
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