faq.installation.html

php的帮助文档,涉及到PHP的案例和基本语法,以及实际应用内容

   </dl>

   <dl>
    <dt><strong>
     <p class="para"> 
      Some operating systems: I have installed PHP without errors,
      but when I try to start apache I get undefined symbol errors:
      <div class="example-contents"><div class="cdata"><pre>
[mybox:user /src/php4] root# apachectl configtest
 apachectl: /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd Undefined symbols:
  _compress
  _uncompress
      </pre></div></div>

     </p>
    </strong></dt>
    <dd><a name="faq.installation.undefinedsyms"></a>
     <p class="para">
      This has actually nothing to do with PHP, but with the MySQL
      client libraries. Some need <span class="option">--with-zlib</span>, others do not. This
      is also covered in the MySQL FAQ.
     </p>
    </dd>
   </dl>

   <dl>
    <dt><strong>
     <p class="para">
      Windows: I have installed PHP, but when I to access
      a PHP script file via my browser, I get the error:
      <div class="example-contents"><pre>
cgi error:
 The specified CGI application misbehaved by not
 returning a complete set of HTTP headers.
 The headers it did return are:
      </pre></div>
     </p>
    </strong></dt>
    <dd><a name="faq.installation.cgierror"></a>
     <p class="para">
      This error message means that PHP failed to output anything
      at all. To get to see a sensible error message, from the
      command line, change to the directory containing the PHP
      executable (<var class="filename">php.exe</var> on Windows) and run
      <strong class="command">php -i</strong>. If PHP has any problems running,
      then a suitable error message will be displayed which will
      give you a clue as to what needs to be done next. If you
      get a screen full of HTML codes (the output of the
      <a href="function.phpinfo.html" class="function">phpinfo()</a> function) then PHP is working.
     </p>
     <p class="para">
      Once PHP is working at the command line, try accessing the
      script via the browser again. If it still fails then it
      could be one of the following:
     </p>
     <ul class="itemizedlist">
      <li class="listitem">
       <span class="simpara">
        File permissions on your PHP script,
        <var class="filename">php.exe</var>, <var class="filename">php4ts.dll</var>,
        <var class="filename">php.ini</var> or any PHP extensions you are trying to load are such
        that the anonymous internet user
        <i>ISUR_&lt;machinename&gt;</i> cannot access them.
       </span>
      </li>
      <li class="listitem">
       <span class="simpara">
        The script file does not exist (or possibly isn&#039;t where you
        think it is relative to your web root directory). Note that
        for IIS you can trap this error by ticking the &#039;check file
        exists&#039; box when setting up the script mappings in the
        Internet Services Manager. If a script file does not exist
        then the server will return a 404 error instead. There is
        also the additional benefit that IIS will do any
        authentication required for you based on the NTLanMan
        permissions on your script file.
       </span>
      </li>
     </ul>
    </dd>
   </dl>

   <dl>
    <dt><strong>
     <p class="para">
      Windows: I&#039;ve followed all the instructions, but still can&#039;t
      get PHP and IIS to work together!
     </p>
    </strong></dt>
    <dd><a name="faq.installation.phpandiis"></a>
     <p class="para">
      Make sure any user who needs to run a PHP script has the rights
      to run <var class="filename">php.exe</var>! IIS uses an anonymous user
      which is added at the time IIS is installed. This user needs
      rights to <var class="filename">php.exe</var>. Also, any authenticated
      user will also need rights to execute <var class="filename">php.exe</var>.
      And for IIS4 you need to tell it that PHP is a script engine.
      Also, you will want to read 
      <a href="faq.installation.html#faq.installation.forceredirect" class="link">this faq</a>.
     </p>
    </dd>
   </dl>

   <dl>
    <dt><strong>
     <p class="para">
       When running PHP as CGI with IIS, PWS, OmniHTTPD or Xitami,
       I get the following error: <i>Security Alert! PHP CGI 
       cannot be accessed directly.</i>.
     </p>
    </strong></dt>
    <dd><a name="faq.installation.forceredirect"></a>
     <p class="para">
      You must set the <a href="ini.core.html#ini.cgi.force-redirect" class="link">
      cgi.force_redirect</a> directive to <i>0</i>.
      It defaults to <i>1</i> so be sure the directive
      isn&#039;t commented out (with a <i>;</i>).  Like
      all directives, this is set in <var class="filename">php.ini</var>
     </p>
     <p class="para">
      Because the default is <i>1</i>, it&#039;s critical
      that you&#039;re 100% sure that the correct <var class="filename">php.ini</var> file is being 
      read.  Read <a href="faq.installation.html#faq.installation.findphpini" class="link">this faq</a>
      for details.
     </p>
    </dd>
   </dl>

   <dl>
    <dt><strong>
     <p class="para">
      How do I know if my <var class="filename">php.ini</var> is being found and read?  It
      seems like it isn&#039;t as my changes aren&#039;t being implemented.
     </p>
    </strong></dt>
    <dd><a name="faq.installation.findphpini"></a>
     <p class="para">
      To be sure your <var class="filename">php.ini</var> is being read by PHP, make a call to
      <a href="function.phpinfo.html" class="function">phpinfo()</a>. Near the top, there will be a
      listing called <i>Configuration File (php.ini)</i>.
      This will tell you where PHP is looking for <var class="filename">php.ini</var> and
      whether or not it&#039;s being read.  If just a directory PATH exists,
      then it&#039;s not being read, and you should put your <var class="filename">php.ini</var>
      in that directory.  If <var class="filename">php.ini</var> is included within the PATH, 
      it is being read.
     </p>
     <p class="para">
      If <var class="filename">php.ini</var> is being read and you&#039;re running PHP as a module,
      then be sure to restart your web server after making changes to
      <var class="filename">php.ini</var> 
     </p>
     <p class="para">
      See also <a href="function.php-ini-loaded-file.html" class="function">php_ini_loaded_file()</a>.
     </p>
    </dd>
   </dl>

   <dl>
    <dt><strong>
     <p class="para">
      How do I add my PHP directory to the <var class="varname">PATH</var>
      on Windows?
     </p>
    </strong></dt>
    <dd><a name="faq.installation.addtopath"></a>
     <p class="para">
      On Windows NT, 2000, XP and 2003:
      <ul class="itemizedlist">
       <li class="listitem"><p class="para">
        Go to Control Panel and open the System icon (Start -&gt; Settings
        -&gt; Control Panel -&gt; System, or just Start -&gt; Control Panel
        -&gt; System for Windows XP/2003)
       </p></li>
       <li class="listitem"><p class="para">
        Go to the Advanced tab
       </p></li>
       <li class="listitem"><p class="para">
        Click on the &#039;Environment Variables&#039; button
       </p></li>
       <li class="listitem"><p class="para">
        Look into the &#039;System Variables&#039; pane
       </p></li>
       <li class="listitem"><p class="para">
        Find the Path entry (you may need to scroll to find it)
       </p></li>
       <li class="listitem"><p class="para">
        Double click on the Path entry
       </p></li>
       <li class="listitem"><p class="para">
        Enter your PHP directory at the end, including &#039;;&#039; before (e.g.
        <i>;C:\php</i>)
       </p></li>
       <li class="listitem"><p class="para">
        Press OK and restart your computer
       </p></li>
      </ul>
     </p>
     <p class="para">
      On Windows 98/Me you need to edit the <var class="filename">autoexec.bat</var>
      file:
      <ul class="itemizedlist">
       <li class="listitem"><p class="para">
        Open the Notepad (Start -&gt; Run and enter notepad)
       </p></li>
       <li class="listitem"><p class="para">
        Open the <var class="filename">C:\autoexec.bat</var> file
       </p></li>
       <li class="listitem"><p class="para">
        Locate the line with PATH=C:\WINDOWS;C:\WINDOWS\COMMAND;..... and add:
        <i>;C:\php</i> to the end of the line
       </p></li>
       <li class="listitem"><p class="para">
        Save the file and restart your computer
       </p></li>
      </ul>
     </p>
     <blockquote><p><b class="note">Note</b>: 
      <span class="simpara">
       Be sure to reboot after following the steps above to ensure that the 
       <var class="varname">PATH</var> changes are applied.
      </span>
     </p></blockquote>
     <p class="para"> 
      The PHP manual used to promote the copying of files into the Windows 
      system directory, this is because this directory  
      (<var class="filename">C:\Windows</var>, <var class="filename">C:\WINNT</var>, etc.)
      is by default in the systems PATH.  Copying files into the Windows 
      system directory has long since been deprecated and may cause problems.
     </p>
    </dd>
   </dl>

   <dl>
    <dt><strong>
     <p class="para">
      How do I make the <var class="filename">php.ini</var> file available to PHP on windows?
     </p>
    </strong></dt>
    <dd><a name="faq.installation.phprc"></a>
     <p class="para">
      There are several ways of doing this. If you are using Apache, read
      their installation specific instructions (<a href="install.windows.apache1.html" class="link">Apache 1</a>, <a href="install.windows.apache2.html" class="link">Apache 2</a>), otherwise you must
      set the <var class="varname">PHPRC</var> environment variable:
     </p>
     <p class="para">
      On Windows NT, 2000, XP and 2003:
      <ul class="itemizedlist">
       <li class="listitem"><p class="para">
        Go to Control Panel and open the System icon (Start -&gt; Settings
        -&gt; Control Panel -&gt; System, or just Start -&gt; Control Panel
        -&gt; System for Windows XP/2003)
       </p></li>
       <li class="listitem"><p class="para">
        Go to the Advanced tab
       </p></li>
       <li class="listitem"><p class="para">
        Click on the &#039;Environment Variables&#039; button
       </p></li>
       <li class="listitem"><p class="para">
        Look into the &#039;System variables&#039; pane
       </p></li>
       <li class="listitem"><p class="para">
         Click on &#039;New&#039; and enter &#039;PHPRC&#039; as the variable name and the
         directory where <var class="filename">php.ini</var> is located as the variable value (e.g.
         <i>C:\php</i>)
       </p></li>
       <li class="listitem"><p class="para">
        Press OK and restart your computer
       </p></li>
      </ul>
     </p>
     <p class="para">
      On Windows 98/Me you need to edit the <var class="filename">autoexec.bat</var>
      file:
      <ul class="itemizedlist">
       <li class="listitem"><p class="para">
        Open the Notepad (Start -&gt; Run and enter notepad)
       </p></li>
       <li class="listitem"><p class="para">
        Open the <var class="filename">C:\autoexec.bat</var> file
       </p></li>
       <li class="listitem"><p class="para">
        Add a new line to the end of the file: <i>set
         PHPRC=C:\php</i> (replace <i>C:\php</i> with the
        directory where <var class="filename">php.ini</var> is located). Please note that the path
        cannot contain spaces. For instance, if you have installed PHP in
        <var class="filename">C:\Program Files\PHP</var>, you would enter
        <var class="filename">C:\PROGRA~1\PHP</var> instead.
       </p></li>
       <li class="listitem"><p class="para">
        Save the file and restart your computer
       </p></li>
      </ul>
     </p>      
    </dd>
   </dl>

   <dl>
    <dt><strong>
     <p class="para">
      Is it possible to use Apache content negotiation (MultiViews option)
      with PHP?
     </p>
    </strong></dt>
    <dd><a name="faq.installation.apache.multiviews"></a>
     <p class="para">
      If links to PHP files include extension, everything works perfect. This
      FAQ is only for the case when links to PHP files don&#039;t include extension
      and you want to use content negotiation to choose PHP files from URL
      with no extension.
      In this case, replace the line <i>AddType application/x-httpd-php
      .php</i> with:
      <div class="example-contents">
<div class="cdata"><pre>
# PHP 4
AddHandler php-script php
AddType text/html php

# PHP 5
AddHandler php5-script php
AddType text/html php
</pre></div>
     </div>

     This solution doesn&#039;t work for Apache 1 as PHP module doesn&#039;t catch
     <i>php-script</i>.
     </p>
    </dd>
   </dl>

   <dl>
    <dt><strong>
     <p class="para">
      Is PHP limited to process GET and POST request methods only?
     </p>
    </strong></dt>
    <dd><a name="faq.installation.requestmethods"></a>
     <p class="para">
      No, it is possible to handle any request method, e.g. CONNECT. Proper
      response status can be sent with <a href="function.header.html" class="function">header()</a>.
      If only GET and POST methods should be handled, it can be achieved with
      this Apache configuration:
      <div class="example-contents">
<div class="cdata"><pre>
&lt;LimitExcept GET POST&gt;
Deny from all
&lt;/LimitExcept&gt;
</pre></div>
     </div>

     </p>
    </dd>
   </dl>

  </div>
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