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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html> <head>  <title>Execution Operators</title>  <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> </head> <body><div style="text-align: center;"> <div class="prev" style="text-align: left; float: left;"><a href="language.operators.errorcontrol.html">Error Control Operators</a></div> <div class="next" style="text-align: right; float: right;"><a href="language.operators.increment.html">Incrementing/Decrementing Operators</a></div> <div class="up"><a href="language.operators.html">Operators</a></div> <div class="home"><a href="index.html">PHP Manual</a></div></div><hr /><div id="language.operators.execution" class="sect1">   <h2 class="title">Execution Operators</h2>   <p class="para">    PHP supports one execution operator: backticks (``). Note that    these are not single-quotes! PHP will attempt to execute the    contents of the backticks as a shell command; the output will be    returned (i.e., it won&#039;t simply be dumped to output; it can be    assigned to a variable).  Use of the backtick operator is identical     to <a href="function.shell-exec.html" class="function">shell_exec()</a>.     <div class="informalexample">     <div class="example-contents"><div class="phpcode"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php<br />$output&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">=&nbsp;`</span><span style="color: #0000BB">ls&nbsp;-al</span><span style="color: #007700">`;<br />echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"&lt;pre&gt;$output&lt;/pre&gt;"</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span></span></code></div>     </div>    </div>   </p>   <blockquote><p><b class="note">Note</b>:          The backtick operator is disabled when <a href="features.safe-mode.html#ini.safe-mode" class="link">safe mode</a> is enabled     or <a href="function.shell-exec.html" class="function">shell_exec()</a> is disabled.    <br />   </p></blockquote>   <p class="para">    See also the manual section on <a href="ref.exec.html" class="link">Program    Execution functions</a>, <a href="function.popen.html" class="function">popen()</a>    <a href="function.proc-open.html" class="function">proc_open()</a>, and    <a href="features.commandline.html" class="link">Using PHP from the    commandline</a>.   </p>  </div><hr /><div style="text-align: center;"> <div class="prev" style="text-align: left; float: left;"><a href="language.operators.errorcontrol.html">Error Control Operators</a></div> <div class="next" style="text-align: right; float: right;"><a href="language.operators.increment.html">Incrementing/Decrementing Operators</a></div> <div class="up"><a href="language.operators.html">Operators</a></div> <div class="home"><a href="index.html">PHP Manual</a></div></div></body></html>
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