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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html> <head> <title>Introduction</title> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> </head> <body><div style="text-align: center;"> <div class="prev" style="text-align: left; float: left;"><a href="book.stream.html">Streams</a></div> <div class="next" style="text-align: right; float: right;"><a href="stream.setup.html">Installing/Configuring</a></div> <div class="up"><a href="book.stream.html">Streams</a></div> <div class="home"><a href="index.html">PHP Manual</a></div></div><hr /><div id="intro.stream" class="preface"> <h1 class="title">Introduction</h1> <p class="simpara"> Streams were introduced with PHP 4.3.0 as a way of generalizing file, network, data compression, and other operations which share a common set of functions and uses. In its simplest definition, a <i>stream</i> is a <i>resource</i> object which exhibits streamable behavior. That is, it can be read from or written to in a linear fashion, and may be able to <a href="function.fseek.html" class="function">fseek()</a> to an arbitrary locations within the stream. </p> <p class="simpara"> A <i>wrapper</i> is additional code which tells the stream how to handle specific protocols/encodings. For example, the <i>http</i> wrapper knows how to translate a URL into an <i>HTTP/1.0</i> request for a file on a remote server. There are many wrappers built into PHP by default (See <a href="wrappers.html" class="xref">List of Supported Protocols/Wrappers</a>), and additional, custom wrappers may be added either within a PHP script using <a href="function.stream-wrapper-register.html" class="function">stream_wrapper_register()</a>, or directly from an extension using the API Reference in <a href="internals2.streams.html" class="xref">Working with streams</a>. Because any variety of wrapper may be added to PHP, there is no set limit on what can be done with them. To access the list of currently registered wrappers, use <a href="function.stream-get-wrappers.html" class="function">stream_get_wrappers()</a>. </p> <p class="para"> A stream is referenced as: <i><tt class="parameter">scheme</tt></i>://<i><tt class="parameter">target</tt></i> <ul class="itemizedlist"> <li class="listitem"> <span class="simpara"> <i><tt class="parameter">scheme</tt></i>(string) - The name of the wrapper to be used. Examples include: file, http, https, ftp, ftps, compress.zlib, compress.bz2, and php. See <a href="wrappers.html" class="xref">List of Supported Protocols/Wrappers</a> for a list of PHP built-in wrappers. If no wrapper is specified, the function default is used (typically <i>file</i>://). </span> </li> <li class="listitem"> <span class="simpara"> <i><tt class="parameter">target</tt></i> - Depends on the wrapper used. For filesystem related streams this is typically a path and filename of the desired file. For network related streams this is typically a hostname, often with a path appended. Again, see <a href="wrappers.html" class="xref">List of Supported Protocols/Wrappers</a> for a description of targets for built-in streams. </span> </li> </ul> </p> <p class="para"> <blockquote><p><b class="note">Note</b>: Information on using streams within the PHP source code can be found in the <a href="internals2.ze1.streams.html" class="link">Streams API for PHP Extension Authors reference</a>. <br /> </p></blockquote> </p> </div><hr /><div style="text-align: center;"> <div class="prev" style="text-align: left; float: left;"><a href="book.stream.html">Streams</a></div> <div class="next" style="text-align: right; float: right;"><a href="stream.setup.html">Installing/Configuring</a></div> <div class="up"><a href="book.stream.html">Streams</a></div> <div class="home"><a href="index.html">PHP Manual</a></div></div></body></html>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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