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<h3 align="center">设计模式之Template</h3>
<p align="center"><a href="http://www.jdon.com/aboutme.htm">板桥里人</a> http://www.jdon.com 2002/05/05</p>
<p align="center"><a href="../mybook/index.htm" target="_blank"><strong>模式实战书籍《Java实用系统开发指南》</strong></a></p>
<p>Template模板模式定义:<br>
定义一个操作中算法的骨架,将一些步骤的执行延迟到其子类中.</p>
<p>使用Java的抽象类时，就经常会使用到Template模式,因此Template模式使用很普遍.而且很容易理解和使用。</p>
<p> </p>
<table width="80%" border="0" cellspacing="3" cellpadding="3">
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC">public abstract class Benchmark<br>
{<br>
/**<br>
* 下面操作是我们希望在子类中完成<br>
*/<br>
public abstract void benchmark();
<p> /**<br>
* 重复执行benchmark次数<br>
*/<br>
public final long repeat (int count) {<br>
if (count <= 0)<br>
return 0;<br>
else {<br>
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();</p>
<p> for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) <br>
benchmark();<br>
<br>
long stopTime = System.currentTimeMillis();<br>
return stopTime - startTime;<br>
}<br>
}<br>
}<br>
</p></td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>在上例中,我们希望重复执行benchmark()操作,但是对benchmark()的具体内容没有说明,而是延迟到其子类中描述:</p>
<table width="80%" border="0" cellspacing="3" cellpadding="3">
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC">public class MethodBenchmark extends
Benchmark<br>
{<br>
/**<br>
* 真正定义benchmark内容<br>
*/<br>
public void benchmark() {<br> <br>
for (int i = 0; i < Integer.MAX_VALUE; i++){<br>
System.out.printtln("i="+i); <br>
}<br>
}<br>
}<br> </td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>至此,Template模式已经完成,是不是很简单?</p>
<p>我们称repeat方法为模板方法， 它其中的benchmark()实现被延迟到子类MethodBenchmark中实现了，</p>
<p>看看如何使用:</p>
<p> Benchmark operation = new MethodBenchmark();<br>
long duration = operation.repeat(Integer.parseInt(args[0].trim()));<br>
System.out.println("The operation took " + duration
+ " milliseconds");</p>
<p> </p>
<p>也许你以前还疑惑抽象类有什么用,现在你应该彻底明白了吧? 至于这样做的好处,很显然啊,扩展性强,以后Benchmark内容变化,我只要再做一个继承子类就可以,不必修改其他应用代码.</p>
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