gtest-internal.h

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// Copyright 2005, Google Inc.
// All rights reserved.
//
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// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
//
// Authors: [e-mail] (Zhanyong Wan), [e-mail] (Sean Mcafee)
//
// The Google C++ Testing Framework (Google Test)
//
// This header file declares functions and macros used internally by
// Google Test.  They are subject to change without notice.

#ifndef GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_INTERNAL_H_
#define GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_INTERNAL_H_

#include <gtest/internal/gtest-port.h>

#ifdef GTEST_OS_LINUX
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#endif  // GTEST_OS_LINUX

#include <ctype.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <iomanip>
#include <limits>
#include <set>

#include <gtest/internal/gtest-string.h>
#include <gtest/internal/gtest-filepath.h>
#include <gtest/internal/gtest-type-util.h>

// Due to C++ preprocessor weirdness, we need double indirection to
// concatenate two tokens when one of them is __LINE__.  Writing
//
//   foo ## __LINE__
//
// will result in the token foo__LINE__, instead of foo followed by
// the current line number.  For more details, see
// http://www.parashift.com/c++-faq-lite/misc-technical-issues.html#faq-39.6
#define GTEST_CONCAT_TOKEN_(foo, bar) GTEST_CONCAT_TOKEN_IMPL_(foo, bar)
#define GTEST_CONCAT_TOKEN_IMPL_(foo, bar) foo ## bar

// Google Test defines the testing::Message class to allow construction of
// test messages via the << operator.  The idea is that anything
// streamable to std::ostream can be streamed to a testing::Message.
// This allows a user to use his own types in Google Test assertions by
// overloading the << operator.
//
// util/gtl/stl_logging-inl.h overloads << for STL containers.  These
// overloads cannot be defined in the std namespace, as that will be
// undefined behavior.  Therefore, they are defined in the global
// namespace instead.
//
// C++'s symbol lookup rule (i.e. Koenig lookup) says that these
// overloads are visible in either the std namespace or the global
// namespace, but not other namespaces, including the testing
// namespace which Google Test's Message class is in.
//
// To allow STL containers (and other types that has a << operator
// defined in the global namespace) to be used in Google Test assertions,
// testing::Message must access the custom << operator from the global
// namespace.  Hence this helper function.
//
// Note: Jeffrey Yasskin suggested an alternative fix by "using
// ::operator<<;" in the definition of Message's operator<<.  That fix
// doesn't require a helper function, but unfortunately doesn't
// compile with MSVC.
template <typename T>
inline void GTestStreamToHelper(std::ostream* os, const T& val) {
  *os << val;
}

namespace testing {

// Forward declaration of classes.

class Message;                         // Represents a failure message.
class Test;                            // Represents a test.
class TestCase;                        // A collection of related tests.
class TestPartResult;                  // Result of a test part.
class TestInfo;                        // Information about a test.
class UnitTest;                        // A collection of test cases.
class UnitTestEventListenerInterface;  // Listens to Google Test events.
class AssertionResult;                 // Result of an assertion.

namespace internal {

struct TraceInfo;                      // Information about a trace point.
class ScopedTrace;                     // Implements scoped trace.
class TestInfoImpl;                    // Opaque implementation of TestInfo
class TestResult;                      // Result of a single Test.
class UnitTestImpl;                    // Opaque implementation of UnitTest

template <typename E> class List;      // A generic list.
template <typename E> class ListNode;  // A node in a generic list.

// How many times InitGoogleTest() has been called.
extern int g_init_gtest_count;

// The text used in failure messages to indicate the start of the
// stack trace.
extern const char kStackTraceMarker[];

// A secret type that Google Test users don't know about.  It has no
// definition on purpose.  Therefore it's impossible to create a
// Secret object, which is what we want.
class Secret;

// Two overloaded helpers for checking at compile time whether an
// expression is a null pointer literal (i.e. NULL or any 0-valued
// compile-time integral constant).  Their return values have
// different sizes, so we can use sizeof() to test which version is
// picked by the compiler.  These helpers have no implementations, as
// we only need their signatures.
//
// Given IsNullLiteralHelper(x), the compiler will pick the first
// version if x can be implicitly converted to Secret*, and pick the
// second version otherwise.  Since Secret is a secret and incomplete
// type, the only expression a user can write that has type Secret* is
// a null pointer literal.  Therefore, we know that x is a null
// pointer literal if and only if the first version is picked by the
// compiler.
char IsNullLiteralHelper(Secret* p);
char (&IsNullLiteralHelper(...))[2];  // NOLINT

// A compile-time bool constant that is true if and only if x is a
// null pointer literal (i.e. NULL or any 0-valued compile-time
// integral constant).
#ifdef GTEST_ELLIPSIS_NEEDS_COPY_
// Passing non-POD classes through ellipsis (...) crashes the ARM
// compiler.  The Nokia Symbian and the IBM XL C/C++ compiler try to
// instantiate a copy constructor for objects passed through ellipsis
// (...), failing for uncopyable objects.  Hence we define this to
// false (and lose support for NULL detection).
#define GTEST_IS_NULL_LITERAL_(x) false
#else
#define GTEST_IS_NULL_LITERAL_(x) \
    (sizeof(::testing::internal::IsNullLiteralHelper(x)) == 1)
#endif  // GTEST_ELLIPSIS_NEEDS_COPY_

// Appends the user-supplied message to the Google-Test-generated message.
String AppendUserMessage(const String& gtest_msg,
                         const Message& user_msg);

// A helper class for creating scoped traces in user programs.
class ScopedTrace {
 public:
  // The c'tor pushes the given source file location and message onto
  // a trace stack maintained by Google Test.
  ScopedTrace(const char* file, int line, const Message& message);

  // The d'tor pops the info pushed by the c'tor.
  //
  // Note that the d'tor is not virtual in order to be efficient.
  // Don't inherit from ScopedTrace!
  ~ScopedTrace();

 private:
  GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(ScopedTrace);
} GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_;  // A ScopedTrace object does its job in its
                            // c'tor and d'tor.  Therefore it doesn't
                            // need to be used otherwise.

// Converts a streamable value to a String.  A NULL pointer is
// converted to "(null)".  When the input value is a ::string,
// ::std::string, ::wstring, or ::std::wstring object, each NUL
// character in it is replaced with "\\0".
// Declared here but defined in gtest.h, so that it has access
// to the definition of the Message class, required by the ARM
// compiler.
template <typename T>
String StreamableToString(const T& streamable);

// Formats a value to be used in a failure message.

#ifdef GTEST_NEEDS_IS_POINTER_

// These are needed as the Nokia Symbian and IBM XL C/C++ compilers
// cannot decide between const T& and const T* in a function template.
// These compilers _can_ decide between class template specializations
// for T and T*, so a tr1::type_traits-like is_pointer works, and we
// can overload on that.

// This overload makes sure that all pointers (including
// those to char or wchar_t) are printed as raw pointers.
template <typename T>
inline String FormatValueForFailureMessage(internal::true_type dummy,
                                           T* pointer) {
  return StreamableToString(static_cast<const void*>(pointer));
}

template <typename T>
inline String FormatValueForFailureMessage(internal::false_type dummy,
                                           const T& value) {
  return StreamableToString(value);
}

template <typename T>
inline String FormatForFailureMessage(const T& value) {
  return FormatValueForFailureMessage(
      typename internal::is_pointer<T>::type(), value);
}

#else

// These are needed as the above solution using is_pointer has the
// limitation that T cannot be a type without external linkage, when
// compiled using MSVC.

template <typename T>
inline String FormatForFailureMessage(const T& value) {
  return StreamableToString(value);
}

// This overload makes sure that all pointers (including
// those to char or wchar_t) are printed as raw pointers.
template <typename T>
inline String FormatForFailureMessage(T* pointer) {
  return StreamableToString(static_cast<const void*>(pointer));
}

#endif  // GTEST_NEEDS_IS_POINTER_

// These overloaded versions handle narrow and wide characters.
String FormatForFailureMessage(char ch);
String FormatForFailureMessage(wchar_t wchar);

// When this operand is a const char* or char*, and the other operand
// is a ::std::string or ::string, we print this operand as a C string
// rather than a pointer.  We do the same for wide strings.

// This internal macro is used to avoid duplicated code.
#define GTEST_FORMAT_IMPL_(operand2_type, operand1_printer)\
inline String FormatForComparisonFailureMessage(\
    operand2_type::value_type* str, const operand2_type& /*operand2*/) {\
  return operand1_printer(str);\
}\
inline String FormatForComparisonFailureMessage(\
    const operand2_type::value_type* str, const operand2_type& /*operand2*/) {\
  return operand1_printer(str);\
}

#if GTEST_HAS_STD_STRING
GTEST_FORMAT_IMPL_(::std::string, String::ShowCStringQuoted)
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_STD_STRING
#if GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING
GTEST_FORMAT_IMPL_(::std::wstring, String::ShowWideCStringQuoted)
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING

#if GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING
GTEST_FORMAT_IMPL_(::string, String::ShowCStringQuoted)
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING
#if GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_WSTRING
GTEST_FORMAT_IMPL_(::wstring, String::ShowWideCStringQuoted)
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_WSTRING

#undef GTEST_FORMAT_IMPL_

// Constructs and returns the message for an equality assertion
// (e.g. ASSERT_EQ, EXPECT_STREQ, etc) failure.
//
// The first four parameters are the expressions used in the assertion
// and their values, as strings.  For example, for ASSERT_EQ(foo, bar)
// where foo is 5 and bar is 6, we have:
//
//   expected_expression: "foo"