maint.texi

来自「一个C源代码分析器」· TEXI 代码 · 共 967 行 · 第 1/3 页

implemented in terms of itself, so a configuration using just
@file{posix} cannot be complete.

@item unix
This is the directory for Unix-like things.  @xref{Porting to Unix}.
@file{unix} implies @file{posix}.  There are some special-purpose
subdirectories of @file{unix}:

@table @file
@item unix/common
This directory is for things common to both BSD and System V release 4.
Both @file{unix/bsd} and @file{unix/sysv/sysv4} imply @file{unix/common}.

@item unix/inet
This directory is for @code{socket} and related functions on Unix systems.
The @file{inet} top-level subdirectory is enabled by @file{unix/inet/Subdirs}.
@file{unix/common} implies @file{unix/inet}.
@end table

@item mach
This is the directory for things based on the Mach microkernel from CMU
(including the GNU operating system).  Other basic operating systems
(VMS, for example) would have their own directories at the top level of
the @file{sysdeps} hierarchy, parallel to @file{unix} and @file{mach}.
@end table

@node Porting to Unix
@appendixsubsec Porting the GNU C Library to Unix Systems

Most Unix systems are fundamentally very similar.  There are variations
between different machines, and variations in what facilities are
provided by the kernel.  But the interface to the operating system
facilities is, for the most part, pretty uniform and simple.

The code for Unix systems is in the directory @file{unix}, at the top
level of the @file{sysdeps} hierarchy.  This directory contains
subdirectories (and subdirectory trees) for various Unix variants.

The functions which are system calls in most Unix systems are
implemented in assembly code in files in @file{sysdeps/unix}.  These
files are named with a suffix of @samp{.S}; for example,
@file{__open.S}.  Files ending in @samp{.S} are run through the C
preprocessor before being fed to the assembler.

These files all use a set of macros that should be defined in
@file{sysdep.h}.  The @file{sysdep.h} file in @file{sysdeps/unix}
partially defines them; a @file{sysdep.h} file in another directory must
finish defining them for the particular machine and operating system
variant.  See @file{sysdeps/unix/sysdep.h} and the machine-specific
@file{sysdep.h} implementations to see what these macros are and what
they should do.@refill

The system-specific makefile for the @file{unix} directory (that is, the
file @file{sysdeps/unix/Makefile}) gives rules to generate several files
from the Unix system you are building the library on (which is assumed
to be the target system you are building the library @emph{for}).  All
the generated files are put in the directory where the object files are
kept; they should not affect the source tree itself.  The files
generated are @file{ioctls.h}, @file{errnos.h}, @file{sys/param.h}, and
@file{errlist.c} (for the @file{stdio} section of the library).

@ignore
@c This section might be a good idea if it is finished,
@c but there's no point including it as it stands. --rms
@c @appendixsec Compatibility with Traditional C

@c ??? This section is really short now.  Want to keep it? --roland

Although the GNU C library implements the ANSI C library facilities, you
@emph{can} use the GNU C library with traditional, ``pre-ANSI'' C
compilers.  However, you need to be careful because the content and
organization of the GNU C library header files differs from that of
traditional C implementations.  This means you may need to make changes
to your program in order to get it to compile.
@end ignore

@node Contributors
@appendixsec Contributors to the GNU C Library

The GNU C library was written almost entirely by Roland McGrath, who now
maintains it.  Some parts of the library were contributed or worked on
by other people.

@itemize @bullet
@item
The @code{getopt} function and related code were written by
Richard Stallman, @w{David J. MacKenzie}, and @w{Roland McGrath}.

@item
Most of the math functions are taken from 4.4 BSD; they have been
modified only slightly to work with the GNU C library.  The
Internet-related code (most of the @file{inet} subdirectory) and several
other miscellaneous functions and header files have been included with
little or no modification.

All code incorporated from 4.4 BSD is under the following copyright:

@quotation
@display
Copyright @copyright{} 1991 Regents of the University of California.
All rights reserved.
@end display

Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
are met:

@enumerate
@item
Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
@item
Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
@item
All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
must display the following acknowledgement:
@quotation
This product includes software developed by the University of
California, Berkeley and its contributors.
@end quotation
@item
Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
without specific prior written permission.
@end enumerate

@sc{this software is provided by the regents and contributors ``as is'' and
any express or implied warranties, including, but not limited to, the
implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose
are disclaimed.  in no event shall the regents or contributors be liable
for any direct, indirect, incidental, special, exemplary, or consequential
damages (including, but not limited to, procurement of substitute goods
or services; loss of use, data, or profits; or business interruption)
however caused and on any theory of liability, whether in contract, strict
liability, or tort (including negligence or otherwise) arising in any way
out of the use of this software, even if advised of the possibility of
such damage.}
@end quotation

@item
The random number generation functions @code{random}, @code{srandom},
@code{setstate} and @code{initstate}, which are also the basis for the
@code{rand} and @code{srand} functions, were written by Earl T. Cohen
for the University of California at Berkeley and are copyrighted by the
Regents of the University of California.  They have undergone minor
changes to fit into the GNU C library and to fit the ANSI C standard,
but the functional code is Berkeley's.@refill

@item
The merge sort function @code{qsort} was written by Michael J. Haertel.

@item
The quick sort function used as a fallback by @code{qsort} was written
by Douglas C. Schmidt.

@item
The memory allocation functions @code{malloc}, @code{realloc} and
@code{free} and related code were written by Michael J. Haertel.

@comment tege's name has an umlaut.
@tex
\xdef\SETtege{Torbj\"orn Granlund}
@end tex
@ifinfo
@set tege Torbjorn Granlund
@end ifinfo
@item
Fast implementations of many of the string functions (@code{memcpy},
@code{strlen}, etc.) were written by @value{tege}.

@item
Some of the support code for Mach is taken from Mach 3.0 by CMU,
and is under the following copyright terms:

@quotation
@display
Mach Operating System
Copyright @copyright{} 1991,1990,1989 Carnegie Mellon University
All Rights Reserved.
@end display

Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and its
documentation is hereby granted, provided that both the copyright
notice and this permission notice appear in all copies of the
software, derivative works or modified versions, and any portions
thereof, and that both notices appear in supporting documentation.

@sc{carnegie mellon allows free use of this software in its ``as is''
condition.  carnegie mellon disclaims any liability of any kind for
any damages whatsoever resulting from the use of this software.}

Carnegie Mellon requests users of this software to return to

@display
 Software Distribution Coordinator
 School of Computer Science
 Carnegie Mellon University
 Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890
@end display

@noindent
or @samp{Software.Distribution@@CS.CMU.EDU} any improvements or
extensions that they make and grant Carnegie Mellon the rights to
redistribute these changes.
@end quotation

@item
The @file{tar.h} header file was written by David J. MacKenzie.

@item
The port to the MIPS DECStation running Ultrix 4
(@code{mips-dec-ultrix4})
was contributed by Brendan Kehoe and Ian Lance Taylor.

@item
The DES encryption function @code{crypt} and related functions were
contributed by Michael Glad.

@item
The @code{ftw} function was contributed by Ian Lance Taylor.

@item
The code to support SunOS shared libraries was contributed by Tom Quinn.

@item
The @code{mktime} function was contributed by Noel Cragg.

@item
The port to the Sequent Symmetry running Dynix version 3
(@code{i386-sequent-bsd}) was contributed by Jason Merrill.

@item
The timezone support code is derived from the public-domain timezone
package by Arthur David Olson.

@item
The Internet resolver code is taken directly from BIND 4.9.1, which is
under both the Berkeley copyright above and also:

@quotation
Portions Copyright @copyright{} 1993 by Digital Equipment Corporation.

Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies, and
that the name of Digital Equipment Corporation not be used in
advertising or publicity pertaining to distribution of the document or
software without specific, written prior permission.

@sc{the software is provided ``as is'' and digital equipment corp.
disclaims all warranties with regard to this software, including all
implied warranties of merchantability and fitness.  in no event shall
digital equipment corporation be liable for any special, direct,
indirect, or consequential damages or any damages whatsoever resulting
from loss of use, data or profits, whether in an action of contract,
negligence or other tortious action, arising out of or in connection
with the use or performance of this software.}
@end quotation

@item
The port to the DEC Alpha running OSF/1 (@code{alpha-dec-osf1}) was
contributed by Brendan Kehoe, using some code written by Roland McGrath.

@item
The floating-point printing function used by @code{printf} and friends
was written by Roland McGrath and @value{tege}.  The multi-precision
integer functions used in that function are taken from GNU MP, which was
contributed by @value{tege}.

@item
The code to support Sun RPC is taken verbatim from Sun's
@w{@sc{rpcsrc-4.0}} distribution, and is covered by this copyright:

@quotation
@display
Copyright @copyright{} 1984, Sun Microsystems, Inc.
@end display

Sun RPC is a product of Sun Microsystems, Inc. and is provided for
unrestricted use provided that this legend is included on all tape media
and as a part of the software program in whole or part.  Users may copy
or modify Sun RPC without charge, but are not authorized to license or
distribute it to anyone else except as part of a product or program
developed by the user.

@sc{sun rpc is provided as is with no warranties of any kind including the
warranties of design, merchantibility and fitness for a particular
purpose, or arising from a course of dealing, usage or trade practice.}

Sun RPC is provided with no support and without any obligation on the
part of Sun Microsystems, Inc. to assist in its use, correction,
modification or enhancement.

@sc{sun microsystems, inc. shall have no liability with respect to the
infringement of copyrights, trade secrets or any patents by sun rpc
or any part thereof.}

In no event will Sun Microsystems, Inc. be liable for any lost revenue
or profits or other special, indirect and consequential damages, even if
Sun has been advised of the possibility of such damages.

@display
Sun Microsystems, Inc.
2550 Garcia Avenue
Mountain View, California  94043
@end display
@end quotation

@item
The port to SGI machines running Irix 4 (@code{mips-sgi-irix4}) was
contributed by Tom Quinn.

@item
The port of the Mach and Hurd code to the MIPS architecture
(@code{mips-@var{anything}-gnu}) was contribued by Kazumoto Kojima.
@end itemize

@c @bye