📄 uml类图详解.mht
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<table class=3DMsoNormalTable border=3D1 cellpadding=3D0 width=3D=
"100%"
style=3D'width:100.0%;mso-cellspacing:1.5pt;mso-padding-alt:3.75=
pt 3.75pt 3.75pt 3.75pt'>
<tr style=3D'mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes'>
<td style=3D'padding:3.75pt 3.75pt 3.75pt 3.75pt'>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'line-height:11.25pt'><b><span lan=
g=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;color:black'>Name</span></b><span
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><o:p></o:p><=
/span></p>
</td>
<td style=3D'padding:3.75pt 3.75pt 3.75pt 3.75pt'>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'line-height:11.25pt'><b><span lan=
g=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;color:black'>Type</span></b><span
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><o:p></o:p><=
/span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style=3D'mso-yfti-irow:1;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes'>
<td style=3D'padding:3.75pt 3.75pt 3.75pt 3.75pt'>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'line-height:11.25pt'><span class=
=3DSpellE><span
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;color:black'>numberOfMin=
utes</span></span><span
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><o:p></o:p><=
/span></p>
</td>
<td style=3D'padding:3.75pt 3.75pt 3.75pt 3.75pt'>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'line-height:11.25pt'><span lang=
=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;color:black'>Minutes</span><span
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><o:p></o:p><=
/span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'line-height:11.25pt'><span lang=3DE=
N-US
style=3D'font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
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.75pt .75pt'>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'line-height:11.25pt'><span lang=3DE=
N-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;color:black'>N/A</span><span lang=3DEN-=
US
style=3D'font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style=3D'mso-yfti-irow:2;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes'>
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.75pt .75pt'>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'line-height:11.25pt'><span class=3D=
SpellE><span
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;color:black'>getArrivalTim=
e</span></span><span
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><o:p></o:p></s=
pan></p>
</td>
<td valign=3Dtop style=3D'background:#FFFF99;padding:.75pt .75pt =
.75pt .75pt'>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'line-height:11.25pt'><span lang=3DE=
N-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;color:black'>N/A</span><span lang=3DEN-=
US
style=3D'font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td valign=3Dtop style=3D'background:#FFFF99;padding:.75pt .75pt =
.75pt .75pt'>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'line-height:11.25pt'><span lang=3DE=
N-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;color:black'>Date</span><span lang=3DEN=
-US
style=3D'font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'line-height:11.25pt'><span lang=3DEN-=
US
style=3D'font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p style=3D'line-height:11.25pt'><span style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;colo=
r:black'>图<span
lang=3DEN-US>3</span>显示，<span class=3DSpellE><sp=
an
lang=3DEN-US>delayFlight</span></span><span lang=3DEN-US> </span>=
805;作有一个<span
lang=3DEN-US>Minutes</span>类型的输入&#=
21442;数<span
lang=3DEN-US> -- <span class=3DSpellE>numberOfMinutes</span></span>&#=
12290;然而，<span
class=3DSpellE><span lang=3DEN-US>delayFlight</span></span><span lang=
=3DEN-US> </span>操作没有返回值&#=
12290;<span
lang=3DEN-US>1 </span>当一个操作有=
;参数时，参数被放在&#=
25805;作的括号内；每个Ö=
42;数都使用这样的格式=
：“参数名：参数类=
411;”。</span><span
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span>=
</p>
<p align=3Dcenter style=3D'text-align:center;line-height:11.25pt'><sp=
an
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;color:black'><!--[if gte vml 1=
]><v:shape
id=3D"_x0000_i1027" type=3D"#_x0000_t75" alt=3D"" style=3D'width:209=
.25pt;
height:96.75pt'>
<v:imagedata src=3D"file9728.files/image003.jpg" o:href=3D"http://ww=
w.xfbbs.com/UploadFiles2/200631195119621.jpg"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img width=3D279 height=3D129
src=3D"file9728.files/image003.jpg" border=3D0 v:shapes=3D"_x0000_i10=
27"><![endif]><br>
<br>
</span><span style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;color:black'>图<span
lang=3DEN-US> 3</span>：<span lang=3DEN-US>Flight</span>类=
;操作参数，包括可选&#=
25321;的“<span
lang=3DEN-US>in</span>”标识。</span><span
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span>=
</p>
<p style=3D'line-height:11.25pt'><span style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;colo=
r:black'>当文档化操作参数&#=
26102;，你可能使用一个Ö=
87;选择的指示器，以显=
示参数到操作的输入=
1442;数、或输出参数。๢=
5;个可选择的指示器以&=
#8220;<span
lang=3DEN-US>in</span>”或“<span lang=3DEN-US>out</s=
pan>”出现，如图<span
lang=3DEN-US>3</span>中的操作区域=
所示。一般来说，除=
8750;将使用一种早期的ఴ=
3;序编程语言，如<span
lang=3DEN-US>Fortran </span>，这些指示&=
#22120;可能会有所帮助，=
542;则它们是不必要的。=
;然而，在<span
lang=3DEN-US> C++</span>和<span lang=3DEN-US>Java</span>中=
;，所有的参数是“<span
lang=3DEN-US>in</span>”参数，而且=
按照<span
lang=3DEN-US>UML</span>规范，既然“=
;<span
lang=3DEN-US>in</span>”是参数的默=
认类型，大多数人将=
0250;遗漏输入<span
lang=3DEN-US>/</span>输出指示器。=
</span><span
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span>=
</p>
<p style=3D'mso-line-height-alt:11.25pt'><b style=3D'mso-bidi-font-we=
ight:
normal'><span style=3D'font-size:16.0pt;color:red;background:yellow;
mso-highlight:yellow'>继承<span lang=3DEN-US><o:p></o:p><=
/span></span></b></p>
<p style=3D'line-height:11.25pt'><span style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;colo=
r:black'>在面向对象的设计&#=
20013;一个非常重要的概õ=
65;，继承，指的是一个=
类（子类）继承另外=
0340;一个类（超类）的ࡧ=
6;一功能，并增加它自&=
#24049;的新功能（一个非=
216;术性的比喻，想象我=
;继承了我母亲的一般&#=
30340;音乐能力，但是在û=
05;的家里，我是唯一<span
class=3DGramE>一个</span>玩电吉他=
的人）的能力。为了=
2312;一个类图上建模继৙=
5;，从子类（要继承行&=
#20026;的类）拉出一条闭=
512;的，单键头（或三角=
;形）的实线指向超类&#=
12290;考虑银行账户的类à=
11;：图
<span lang=3DEN-US>4 </span>显示<span lang=3DEN-US> <span
class=3DSpellE>CheckingAccount</span> </span>和<span lang=3DEN-=
US> <span
class=3DSpellE>SavingsAccount</span> </span>类如何&=
#20174;<span
lang=3DEN-US> <span class=3DSpellE>BankAccount</span> </span>类=
继承而来。</span><span
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span>=
</p>
<p align=3Dcenter style=3D'text-align:center;line-height:11.25pt'><sp=
an
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;color:black'><!--[if gte vml 1=
]><v:shape
id=3D"_x0000_i1028" type=3D"#_x0000_t75" alt=3D"" style=3D'width:412=
.5pt;
height:245.25pt'>
<v:imagedata src=3D"file9728.files/image004.jpg" o:href=3D"http://ww=
w.xfbbs.com/UploadFiles2/200631195119360.jpg"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img width=3D550 height=3D327
src=3D"file9728.files/image004.jpg" border=3D0 v:shapes=3D"_x0000_i10=
28"><![endif]><br>
<br>
</span><b style=3D'mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style=3D'font-s=
ize:
16.0pt;color:red;background:yellow;mso-highlight:yellow'>图<span
lang=3DEN-US> 4: </span>继承通过指×=
21;超类的一条闭合的，=
单箭头的实线表示</span></b>=
<span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;color:black'>。</span><span lang=3DEN=
-US
style=3D'font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style=3D'line-height:11.25pt'><span style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;colo=
r:black'>在图<span
lang=3DEN-US> 4 </span>中，继承关౿=
5;由<span
class=3DGramE>每个超</span>类的单=
独的线画出，这是在<sp=
an
lang=3DEN-US>IBM Rational Rose</span>和<span lang=3DEN-US>IBM R=
ational
XDE</span>中使用的方法。=
8982;而，有一种称为
树标记的备选方法Ö=
87;以画出继承关系。当=
存在两个或更多子类=
6102;，如图<span
lang=3DEN-US> 4 </span>中所示，除ߚ=
2;继承线<span
class=3DGramE>象</span>树枝一样混=
在一起外，你可以使=
9992;树形记号。图<span
lang=3DEN-US> 5 </span>是重绘的与ࢳ=
0;<span
lang=3DEN-US> 4 </span>一样的继承ᦁ=
2;但是这次使用了树形&=
#35760;号。</span><span
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span>=
</p>
<p align=3Dcenter style=3D'text-align:center;line-height:11.25pt'><sp=
an
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;color:black'><!--[if gte vml 1=
]><v:shape
id=3D"_x0000_i1029" type=3D"#_x0000_t75" alt=3D"" style=3D'width:412=
.5pt;
height:245.25pt'>
<v:imagedata src=3D"file9728.files/image005.jpg" o:href=3D"http://ww=
w.xfbbs.com/UploadFiles2/200631195119371.jpg"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img width=3D550 height=3D327
src=3D"file9728.files/image005.jpg" border=3D0 v:shapes=3D"_x0000_i10=
29"><![endif]><br>
<br>
</span><span style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;color:black'>图<span
lang=3DEN-US> 5: </span>一个使用树ô=
18;记号的继承实例</span><span
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span>=
</p>
<p style=3D'line-height:11.25pt'><b><span style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
color:black'>抽象类及操作</span><=
/b><span
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;color:black'><br>
<br>
</span><span style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;color:black'>细心&=
#30340;读者会注意到，在=
270;<span
lang=3DEN-US> 4 </span>和 图<span lang=3DEN-US>5 </span>&=
#20013;的图中<span
lang=3DEN-US>,</span>类名<span class=3DSpellE><span lang=
=3DEN-US>BankAccount</span></span>和<span
lang=3DEN-US>withdrawal</span>操作使用斜=
;体。这表示，<span
class=3DSpellE><span lang=3DEN-US>BankAccount</span></span><span lang=
=3DEN-US> </span>类是一个抽⌨️ 快捷键说明
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