chenxiaosen.c

*设计方案：本程序分为七个模块：1、新建人事信息模块 2、查询模块 3、删除模块 4、添加模块 5、修改模块 6、打印模块 7、数据备份与还原模块。 每个模块相互独立。且每个模块只完成一个功能

/*题目：人事基本信息管理系统*/

/*设计方案：本程序分为七个模块：1、新建人事信息模块 2、查询模块 3、删除模块 4、添加模块 5、修改模块 6、打印模块 7、数据备份与还原模块。
每个模块相互独立。且每个模块只完成一个功能，用一个函数实现。在主函数中调用这些模块。每个模块处理的信息即人事基本信息用结构体存储，数据结构采用链表实现，最终以文件形式存储于磁盘上。*/

#include<stdio.h>
#include<malloc.h>
#define LEN  sizeof(struct person_b)

struct person_b
 {
 	char sex;
	char marage;
 	unsigned long id;
	char name[10];
	char dep[10];
	char addr[10];
	char tel[12];
	struct person_b * next;
 };/* 个人基本信息*/

main()
{
   int choose=2;  /* 操作选项*/
   struct person_b * head;
   struct person_b * per;
   static char  *filename="abc";/*存储信息的文件名，默认为abc*/
   unsigned long id;/*员工编号*/

   /*以下为各函数的申明*/
   struct person_b * newcreat();
   struct person_b * search(struct person_b *,unsigned long);
   struct person_b * read_file(char filename[]);
   void write_file(struct person_b *,char filename[]);
   struct person_b *del_p(struct person_b *,unsigned long);
   struct person_b *insert_p(struct person_b *,struct person_b *);
   void print(struct person_b * );
   struct person_b *rewrite(struct person_b *,unsigned long);
   void backup_r(void);

   printf("\nchoose one operation!");
   printf("\n1:newcreat 2:search  3:delete 4:insert  5:rewrite 6:print 7:backup or recovery  0:exit\n");
   scanf("%d",&choose);

   while (choose != 0)
   {
	 switch (choose)
	 {
		case 1:
		{
		     printf("\ninput the filename you newcreat:\n");
		     scanf("%s",&filename);
		     head = newcreat();
		     print(head);
		     write_file(head,filename);
		     break;
		}

		case 2:
		{
		     printf("search!\n");
		     printf("\n input the id:");
		     scanf("%lu",&id);
		     head = read_file(filename);
		     search(head,id);
		     break;
		}

		case 3:
		{
		     printf("\ndelete a person!");
		     printf("\n input the id:\n");
		     scanf("%lu",&id);
		     head = read_file(filename);
		     head = del_p(head,id);
		     write_file(head,filename);
		     break;
		}

		case 4:
		{
		     printf("\ninsert\n");
		     per = (struct person_b *)malloc(LEN);
		     printf("\ninput a person's information like:\n");
		     printf("\nid name sex marage dep addr tel\n");
		     scanf("%lu %s %c %c %s %s %s",&per->id,&per->name,&per->sex,&per->marage,
			    &per->dep,&per->addr,&per->tel);
		     head = read_file(filename);
		     head = insert_p(head,per);
		     write_file(head,filename);
		     break;
		}

		case 5:
		{
		     printf("\nrewrite!!\n");
		     printf("\nrewrite a person with id=?\n");
		     scanf("%lu",&id);
		     head = read_file(filename);
		     head = rewrite(head,id);
		     write_file(head,filename);
		     break;
		}

		case 6:
		{
		     printf("\nprint all person!\n");

		     if ((head = read_file(filename)) == NULL)
		     {
			printf("\nno information can be print!\n please newcreat\n");
		     }
		     else
		     {
			print(head);
		     }

		     break;
		}

		case 7:
		{
		     backup_r();
		     break;
		}

		default:
		{
			 printf("\nchoose a valid operate try again!\n");
		}
	 }

	 printf("\nchoose one operation!");
	 printf("\n1:newcreat 2:search  3:delete 4:insert  5:rewrite 6:print 7:backup or recovery  0:exit\n");
	 scanf("%d",&choose);

   }

}

/*以链表形式创建人事信息，每个员工信息用结构体存储，返回指向头节点的指针,当输入编号为 0 时结束创建。
*/
struct person_b * newcreat()
{
	 struct person_b * head;
	 struct person_b * p1;
	 struct person_b * p2;
	 int n = 0;

	 p1 = p2 = (struct person_b *)malloc(LEN);
	 printf("\nnewcreat!!\n");
	 printf("\ninput person information as follow format end with id=0 \n");
	 printf("\nEMPLOYEE_ID    NAME   SEX   MARRAGE    DEP    ADDR  TEL\n");
	 scanf("%lu %s %c %c %s %s %s",&p1->id,&p1->name,&p1->sex,&p1->marage,
	       &p1->dep,&p1->addr,&p1->tel);
	 head = NULL;
	 while (p1->id != 0)
	 {
	       n=n+1;

	       if (n == 1)
	       {
		  head=p1;
	       }
	       else
	       {
		  p2->next=p1;
	       }

	       p2 = p1;
	       p1 = (struct person_b *)malloc(LEN);
	       printf("\n");
	       scanf("%lu",&p1->id);

	       if (p1->id == 0)
	       {
		  free(p1);
		  break;
	       }

	       scanf("%s %c %c %s %s %s",&p1->name,&p1->sex,&p1->marage,
		     &p1->dep,&p1->addr,&p1->tel);

	 }

	 printf("\nNEWVREAT OVER!!\n");
	 p2->next=NULL;
	 return (head);
}

/*给出链表的头节点和编号进行查询，返回头节点。若查询失败给出相应信息*/
struct person_b * search(struct person_b *head,unsigned long id )
{
	 struct person_b * p1;
	 char c='y';

	 if (head == NULL)
	 {
	    printf("\nNO INFORMATION CAN BE SEARCHED!");
	    return(head);
	 }

	 while((c == 'y') || (c == 'Y'))
	 {
	    p1 = head;
	    while ((id != p1->id) && (p1->next != NULL))
	    {
		  p1=p1->next;
	    }

	    if (id==p1->id)
	    {
	       printf("\nthe person's information you search is:");
	       printf("\nEMPLOYEE_ID    NAME    SEX    MARRAGE    DEP    ADDR    TEL");
	       printf("\n%ld\t%s\t%c\t%c\t%s\t%s\t%s\t",p1->id,p1->name,
	       p1->sex,p1->marage, p1->dep,p1->addr,p1->tel);
	       printf("\nsearch success!\n");
	    }
	    else
	    {
	       printf("\n%ld not been found!\n",id);
	    }

	    printf("\n continue!! y/n\n");
	    scanf("%lu",id);
	    scanf("%c",&c);
	    if ((c=='n') || (c == 'N'))
	    {
	       break;
	    }

	    printf("input the id:\n");
	    scanf("%lu",&id);
       }
       return(head);
}

/*以二进制形式读取filename中内容，并将其放入一个链表当中，返回该链表头节点,操作失败给出提示*/
struct person_b * read_file(char filename[])
{
	struct person_b *head;
	struct person_b *p1;
	struct person_b *p2;
	FILE *fp;

	fp = fopen(filename,"rb");
	if (fp == NULL)
	{
	   printf("\ncan not open this file!");
	   return NULL;
	}

	p2 = p1 = (struct person_b *)malloc(LEN);

	if (fread(p2,sizeof(struct person_b),1,fp) != 1)
	{
	   printf("\nfile read error!");
	   return NULL;
	}

	head = p2;
	while (p2->next != NULL)
	{
	      p1 = (struct person_b *)malloc(LEN);
	      p2->next=p1;
	      p2 = p1;
	      if (fread(p2,sizeof(struct person_b),1,fp) != 1)
	      {
		 printf("\nfile read error!");
		 return NULL;
	      }

	}

	fclose(fp);
	free(p1);
	return(head);

}

/*将以head为头节点的链表写入文件filename当中，操作不成功给出提示*/
void write_file(struct person_b * head,char filename[])
{
    struct person_b * p;
    FILE * fp;
    fp = fopen(filename,"wb");
    p = head;

    if (fp == NULL)
    {
       printf("\ncannot open this file!!!");
       return;
    }

    if (p == NULL)
    {
       printf("\nno information can be writen!");
       return;
    }

    do
    {
       if (fwrite(p,sizeof(struct person_b),1,fp) != 1)
       {
	  printf("\nfile write error");
	  break;
       }
       p=p->next;

    }while(p!=NULL);

    fclose(fp);

 }

/*删除以head为头节点的链表当中编号为id的记录*/
struct person_b *del_p(struct person_b *head,unsigned long id )
{
    struct person_b *p1;
    struct person_b *p2;
    char c='y';

    if (head == NULL)
    {
       printf("\nNO INFOMATION CAN BE DELETE!");
       return NULL;
    }

    while ((c=='y') || (c=='Y'))
    {
       p1 = head;
       while ((id != p1->id) && (p1->next != NULL) )
       {
	     p2=p1;
	     p1=p1->next;
       }

       if (id == p1->id)
       {
	  if (p1==head)
	  {
	     head=p1->next;
	  }
	  else
	  {
	     p2->next=p1->next;
	  }

	  printf("\ndelete:%lu success!\n",id);
       }
       else
       {
	  printf("\n%lu not been found!\n",id);
       }

       printf("\n continue?? y/n\n");
       scanf("%lu",&id);
       scanf("%c",&c);
       if ((c=='n') || (c=='N'))
       {
	  break;
       }
       printf("input the id:\n") ;
       scanf("%lu",&id);

   }

   return(head);
}

/*将per这条记录按关键字即编号升序插入到以head为头节点的链表当中，并进行了异常处理*/
struct person_b *insert_p(struct person_b *head,struct person_b *per)
{
    struct person_b *p0;
    struct person_b *p1;
    struct person_b *p2;
    struct person_b *p3;
    int flag=0;
    char c='y';

    if (per == NULL)
    {
       printf("\nno information canbe insert!\n");
       return head;
    }

    if (head == NULL)
    {
       printf("\n person information is empty! please newcreat!\n");
       return head;
    }

    while ((c=='y') || (c=='Y'))
    {
       p1=head;
       p0=per;
       p3=head;

       while (p3 != NULL)
       {
	     if (per->id == p3->id)
	     {
		flag=1;
		break;
	     }
	     p3=p3->next;
       }
       if (flag)
       {
	  printf("\n insert failed! the id has been used!\n");
	  free(per);
	  break;
       }

       while ((p0->id > p1->id) && (p1->next!=NULL))
       {
	     p2=p1;
	     p1=p1->next;
       }
       if (p0->id <= p1->id)
       {
          if (head==p1)
	  {
	     head=p0;
	  }
	  else
	  {
	     p2->next=p0;
	  }

	  p0->next=p1;
       }
       else
       {
	  p1->next=p0;
	  p0->next=NULL;
       }

       printf("\ncontinue?? y/n?\n");
       scanf("%lu",&per->id);
       scanf("%c",&c);
       if ((c=='n') || (c=='N'))
       {
          break;
       }

       per=(struct person_b *)malloc(LEN);
       printf("\ninput a person's information like:\n");
       printf("\nid name sex marage dep addr tel\n");
       scanf("%lu %s %c %c %s %s %s",&p1->id,&p1->name,&per->sex,&per->marage,
	       &per->dep,&per->addr,&per->tel);
       printf("\n insert success!!!!!!\n");

    }

    return(head);

}

/*输出以head为头节点的链表，即输出全部人事信息。*/
void print(struct person_b * head)
{
   struct person_b *p;
   printf("\nEMPLOYEE_ID     NAME     SEX    MARRAGE    DEP    ADDR     TEL");
   p = head;

   if (head != NULL)
   {
      do
      {
        printf("\n%lu\t%s\t%c\t%c\t%s\t%s\t%s\t",p->id,p->name,
               p->sex,p->marage, p->dep,p->addr,p->tel);
        p=p->next;
      }while(p!=NULL);

   }
   printf("\n print over!!\n");
}

/*改写以head为头节点的链表当中编号为id的那条记录*/
struct person_b *rewrite(struct person_b *head,unsigned long id)
{
    struct person_b * p1;
    char  c = 'y';

    if (head == NULL)
    {
	printf("\nNO SUCH PERSON!");
	return NULL;
    }
    while ((c=='y') || (c=='Y'))
    {
        p1=head;
        while ((id!=p1->id) && (p1->next!=NULL) )
        {
	     p1=p1->next;
        }

        if (id==p1->id)
        {
	  printf("\nthe person you want to rewrite is:");
	  printf("\nemployee_id    name   sex    marrage   dep   addr   tel\n");
	  printf("\n%lu\t%s\t%c\t%c\t%s\t%s\t%s\t",p1->id,p1->name,
		  p1->sex,p1->marage,p1->dep,p1->addr,p1->tel);
	  printf("\ninput rewrite information\n");
	  scanf("%lu %s %c %c %s %s %s",&p1->id,&p1->name,&p1->sex,&p1->marage,
		  &p1->dep,&p1->addr,&p1->tel);
	  printf("\nrewrite success!\n");
       }
       else
       {
	  printf("\n%lu not been found!\n",id);
       }
       printf("\ncontinue?? y/n?\n");
       scanf("%lu",&id);
       scanf("%c",&c);
       if ((c=='n') || (c=='N'))
       {
	  break;
       }
       printf("\ninput the id:\n");
       scanf("%lu",&id);
   }

   return(head);
}

/*将一个文件当中的内容复制到另一个文件中去，两文件均有用户指定*/
void  backup_r( void)
{
      FILE *in;
      FILE * out;
      char in_file[10];
      char out_file[10];

      printf("\n input the source filename which you backup or recvery:\n");
      scanf("%s",in_file);
      printf("\n input the dest filename you want it be there!!\n");
      scanf("%s",out_file);

      if ((in = fopen(in_file,"rb")) == NULL)
      {
	 printf("\n can not open the source file!! maybe it isn't exist!");
	 return;
      }

      if ((out = fopen(out_file,"wb")) == NULL)
      {
         printf("\n cannot open the dest file\n!!");
         return;
      }
while (!feof(in))
      {
	    fputc(fgetc(in),out);
      }
      printf("\noperate success!!!\n");
      fclose(in);
      fclose(out);

}