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<html lang="en"><head><title>Using the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC)</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html"><meta name="description" content="Using the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC)"><meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.6"><!--Copyright &copy; 1988, 1989, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998,1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc.   <p>Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this documentunder the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 orany later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with theInvariant Sections being "GNU General Public License" and "FundingFree Software", the Front-Cover texts being (a) (see below), and withthe Back-Cover Texts being (b) (see below).  A copy of the license isincluded in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License".   <p>(a) The FSF's Front-Cover Text is:   <p>A GNU Manual   <p>(b) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is:   <p>You have freedom to copy and modify this GNU Manual, like GNU     software.  Copies published by the Free Software Foundation raise     funds for GNU development.--><meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css"><style type="text/css"><!--  pre.display { font-family:inherit }  pre.format  { font-family:inherit }  pre.smalldisplay { font-family:inherit; font-size:smaller }  pre.smallformat  { font-family:inherit; font-size:smaller }  pre.smallexample { font-size:smaller }  pre.smalllisp    { font-size:smaller }--></style></head><body><div class="node"><p>Node:&nbsp;<a name="Java%20Exceptions">Java Exceptions</a>,Next:&nbsp;<a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="Deprecated-Features.html#Deprecated%20Features">Deprecated Features</a>,Previous:&nbsp;<a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="Offsetof.html#Offsetof">Offsetof</a>,Up:&nbsp;<a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="C---Extensions.html#C++%20Extensions">C++ Extensions</a><hr><br></div><h3 class="section">Java Exceptions</h3><p>The Java language uses a slightly different exception handling modelfrom C++.  Normally, GNU C++ will automatically detect when you arewriting C++ code that uses Java exceptions, and handle themappropriately.  However, if C++ code only needs to execute destructorswhen Java exceptions are thrown through it, GCC will guess incorrectly. Sample problematic code is:<pre class="smallexample">       struct S { ~S(); };       extern void bar();    // is written in Java, and may throw exceptions       void foo()       {         S s;         bar();       }     </pre><p>The usual effect of an incorrect guess is a link failure, complaining ofa missing routine called <code>__gxx_personality_v0</code>.   <p>You can inform the compiler that Java exceptions are to be used in atranslation unit, irrespective of what it might think, by writing<code>#pragma&nbsp;GCC&nbsp;java_exceptions</code> at the head of the file.  This<code>#pragma</code> must appear before any functions that throw or catchexceptions, or run destructors when exceptions are thrown through them.   <p>You cannot mix Java and C++ exceptions in the same translation unit.  Itis believed to be safe to throw a C++ exception from one file throughanother file compiled for the Java exception model, or vice versa, butthere may be bugs in this area.   </body></html>
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