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<html lang="en"><head><title>Using the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC)</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html"><meta name="description" content="Using the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC)"><meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.6"><!--Copyright © 1988, 1989, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998,1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <p>Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this documentunder the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 orany later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with theInvariant Sections being "GNU General Public License" and "FundingFree Software", the Front-Cover texts being (a) (see below), and withthe Back-Cover Texts being (b) (see below). A copy of the license isincluded in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License". <p>(a) The FSF's Front-Cover Text is: <p>A GNU Manual <p>(b) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: <p>You have freedom to copy and modify this GNU Manual, like GNU software. Copies published by the Free Software Foundation raise funds for GNU development.--><meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css"><style type="text/css"><!-- pre.display { font-family:inherit } pre.format { font-family:inherit } pre.smalldisplay { font-family:inherit; font-size:smaller } pre.smallformat { font-family:inherit; font-size:smaller } pre.smallexample { font-size:smaller } pre.smalllisp { font-size:smaller }--></style></head><body>This file documents the use of the GNU compilers.<br><p> <p>Published by the Free Software Foundation<br>59 Temple Place - Suite 330<br>Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA<br><p>Copyright © 1988, 1989, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998,1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <p>Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this documentunder the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 orany later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with theInvariant Sections being "GNU General Public License" and "FundingFree Software", the Front-Cover texts being (a) (see below), and withthe Back-Cover Texts being (b) (see below). A copy of the license isincluded in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License". <p>(a) The FSF's Front-Cover Text is: <p>A GNU Manual <p>(b) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: <p>You have freedom to copy and modify this GNU Manual, like GNU software. Copies published by the Free Software Foundation raise funds for GNU development.<br><p><div class="shortcontents"><h2>Short Contents</h2><ul><li><a href="index.html#toc_Top">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="index.html#toc_G++%20and%20GCC">Programming Languages Supported by GCC</a></li><li><a href="index.html#toc_Standards">Language Standards Supported by GCC</a></li><li><a href="index.html#toc_Invoking%20GCC">GCC Command Options</a></li><li><a href="index.html#toc_C%20Implementation">C Implementation-defined behavior</a></li><li><a href="index.html#toc_C%20Extensions">Extensions to the C Language Family</a></li><li><a href="index.html#toc_C++%20Extensions">Extensions to the C++ Language</a></li><li><a href="index.html#toc_Objective-C">GNU Objective-C runtime features</a></li><li><a href="index.html#toc_Compatibility">Binary Compatibility</a></li><li><a href="index.html#toc_Gcov"><code>gcov</code>--a Test Coverage Program</a></li><li><a href="index.html#toc_Trouble">Known Causes of Trouble with GCC</a></li><li><a href="index.html#toc_Bugs">Reporting Bugs</a></li><li><a href="index.html#toc_Service">How To Get Help with GCC</a></li><li><a href="index.html#toc_Contributing">Contributing to GCC Development</a></li><li><a href="index.html#toc_Funding">Funding Free Software</a></li><li><a href="index.html#toc_GNU%20Project">The GNU Project and GNU/Linux</a></li><li><a href="index.html#toc_Copying">GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE</a></li><li><a href="index.html#toc_GNU%20Free%20Documentation%20License">GNU Free Documentation License</a></li><li><a href="index.html#toc_Contributors">Contributors to GCC</a></li><li><a href="index.html#toc_Option%20Index">Option Index</a></li><li><a href="index.html#toc_Keyword%20Index">Keyword Index</a></li></ul></div><div class="contents"><h2>Table of Contents</h2><ul><li><a name="toc_Top" href="index.html#Top">Introduction</a><li><a name="toc_G++%20and%20GCC" href="G---and-GCC.html#G++%20and%20GCC">Programming Languages Supported by GCC</a><li><a name="toc_Standards" href="Standards.html#Standards">Language Standards Supported by GCC</a><li><a name="toc_Invoking%20GCC" href="Invoking-GCC.html#Invoking%20GCC">GCC Command Options</a><ul><li><a href="Option-Summary.html#Option%20Summary">Option Summary</a><li><a href="Overall-Options.html#Overall%20Options">Options Controlling the Kind of Output</a><li><a href="Invoking-G--.html#Invoking%20G++">Compiling C++ Programs</a><li><a href="C-Dialect-Options.html#C%20Dialect%20Options">Options Controlling C Dialect</a><li><a href="C---Dialect-Options.html#C++%20Dialect%20Options">Options Controlling C++ Dialect</a><li><a href="Objective-C-Dialect-Options.html#Objective-C%20Dialect%20Options">Options Controlling Objective-C Dialect</a><li><a href="Language-Independent-Options.html#Language%20Independent%20Options">Options to Control Diagnostic Messages Formatting</a><li><a href="Warning-Options.html#Warning%20Options">Options to Request or Suppress Warnings</a><li><a href="Debugging-Options.html#Debugging%20Options">Options for Debugging Your Program or GCC</a><li><a href="Optimize-Options.html#Optimize%20Options">Options That Control Optimization</a><li><a href="Preprocessor-Options.html#Preprocessor%20Options">Options Controlling the Preprocessor</a><li><a href="Assembler-Options.html#Assembler%20Options">Passing Options to the Assembler</a><li><a href="Link-Options.html#Link%20Options">Options for Linking</a><li><a href="Directory-Options.html#Directory%20Options">Options for Directory Search</a><li><a href="Spec-Files.html#Spec%20Files">Specifying subprocesses and the switches to pass to them</a><li><a href="Target-Options.html#Target%20Options">Specifying Target Machine and Compiler Version</a><li><a href="Submodel-Options.html#Submodel%20Options">Hardware Models and Configurations</a><ul><li><a href="M680x0-Options.html#M680x0%20Options">M680x0 Options</a><li><a href="M68hc1x-Options.html#M68hc1x%20Options">M68hc1x Options</a><li><a href="VAX-Options.html#VAX%20Options">VAX Options</a><li><a href="SPARC-Options.html#SPARC%20Options">SPARC Options</a><li><a href="ARM-Options.html#ARM%20Options">ARM Options</a><li><a href="MN10300-Options.html#MN10300%20Options">MN10300 Options</a><li><a href="M32R-D-Options.html#M32R%2fD%20Options">M32R/D Options</a><li><a href="RS-6000-and-PowerPC-Options.html#RS%2f6000%20and%20PowerPC%20Options">IBM RS/6000 and PowerPC Options</a><li><a href="Darwin-Options.html#Darwin%20Options">Darwin Options</a><li><a href="MIPS-Options.html#MIPS%20Options">MIPS Options</a><li><a href="i386-and-x86-64-Options.html#i386%20and%20x86-64%20Options">Intel 386 and AMD x86-64 Options</a><li><a href="HPPA-Options.html#HPPA%20Options">HPPA Options</a><li><a href="DEC-Alpha-Options.html#DEC%20Alpha%20Options">DEC Alpha Options</a><li><a href="DEC-Alpha-VMS-Options.html#DEC%20Alpha%2fVMS%20Options">DEC Alpha/VMS Options</a><li><a href="H8-300-Options.html#H8%2f300%20Options">H8/300 Options</a><li><a href="SH-Options.html#SH%20Options">SH Options</a><li><a href="System-V-Options.html#System%20V%20Options">Options for System V</a><li><a href="TMS320C3x-C4x-Options.html#TMS320C3x%2fC4x%20Options">TMS320C3x/C4x Options</a><li><a href="V850-Options.html#V850%20Options">V850 Options</a><li><a href="ARC-Options.html#ARC%20Options">ARC Options</a><li><a href="NS32K-Options.html#NS32K%20Options">NS32K Options</a><li><a href="AVR-Options.html#AVR%20Options">AVR Options</a><li><a href="MCore-Options.html#MCore%20Options">MCore Options</a><li><a href="IA-64-Options.html#IA-64%20Options">IA-64 Options</a><li><a href="S-390-and-zSeries-Options.html#S%2f390%20and%20zSeries%20Options">S/390 and zSeries Options</a><li><a href="CRIS-Options.html#CRIS%20Options">CRIS Options</a><li><a href="MMIX-Options.html#MMIX%20Options">MMIX Options</a><li><a href="PDP-11-Options.html#PDP-11%20Options">PDP-11 Options</a><li><a href="Xstormy16-Options.html#Xstormy16%20Options">Xstormy16 Options</a><li><a href="FRV-Options.html#FRV%20Options">FRV Options</a><li><a href="Xtensa-Options.html#Xtensa%20Options">Xtensa Options</a></li></ul><li><a href="Code-Gen-Options.html#Code%20Gen%20Options">Options for Code Generation Conventions</a><li><a href="Environment-Variables.html#Environment%20Variables">Environment Variables Affecting GCC</a><li><a href="Precompiled-Headers.html#Precompiled%20Headers">Using Precompiled Headers</a><li><a href="Running-Protoize.html#Running%20Protoize">Running Protoize</a></li></ul><li><a name="toc_C%20Implementation" href="C-Implementation.html#C%20Implementation">C Implementation-defined behavior</a><ul><li><a href="Translation-implementation.html#Translation%20implementation">Translation</a><li><a href="Environment-implementation.html#Environment%20implementation">Environment</a><li><a href="Identifiers-implementation.html#Identifiers%20implementation">Identifiers</a><li><a href="Characters-implementation.html#Characters%20implementation">Characters</a><li><a href="Integers-implementation.html#Integers%20implementation">Integers</a><li><a href="Floating-point-implementation.html#Floating%20point%20implementation">Floating point</a><li><a href="Arrays-and-pointers-implementation.html#Arrays%20and%20pointers%20implementation">Arrays and pointers</a><li><a href="Hints-implementation.html#Hints%20implementation">Hints</a><li><a href="Structures-unions-enumerations-and-bit-fields-implementation.html#Structures%20unions%20enumerations%20and%20bit-fields%20implementation">Structures, unions, enumerations, and bit-fields</a><li><a href="Qualifiers-implementation.html#Qualifiers%20implementation">Qualifiers</a><li><a href="Preprocessing-directives-implementation.html#Preprocessing%20directives%20implementation">Preprocessing directives</a><li><a href="Library-functions-implementation.html#Library%20functions%20implementation">Library functions</a><li><a href="Architecture-implementation.html#Architecture%20implementation">Architecture</a><li><a href="Locale-specific-behavior-implementation.html#Locale-specific%20behavior%20implementation">Locale-specific behavior</a></li></ul><li><a name="toc_C%20Extensions" href="C-Extensions.html#C%20Extensions">Extensions to the C Language Family</a><ul><li><a href="Statement-Exprs.html#Statement%20Exprs">Statements and Declarations in Expressions</a><li><a href="Local-Labels.html#Local%20Labels">Locally Declared Labels</a><li><a href="Labels-as-Values.html#Labels%20as%20Values">Labels as Values</a><li><a href="Nested-Functions.html#Nested%20Functions">Nested Functions</a><li><a href="Constructing-Calls.html#Constructing%20Calls">Constructing Function Calls</a><li><a href="Typeof.html#Typeof">Referring to a Type with <code>typeof</code></a><li><a href="Conditionals.html#Conditionals">Conditionals with Omitted Operands</a><li><a href="Long-Long.html#Long%20Long">Double-Word Integers</a><li><a href="Complex.html#Complex">Complex Numbers</a><li><a href="Hex-Floats.html#Hex%20Floats">Hex Floats</a><li><a href="Zero-Length.html#Zero%20Length">Arrays of Length Zero</a><li><a href="Empty-Structures.html#Empty%20Structures">Structures With No Members</a><li><a href="Variable-Length.html#Variable%20Length">Arrays of Variable Length</a><li><a href="Variadic-Macros.html#Variadic%20Macros">Macros with a Variable Number of Arguments.</a><li><a href="Escaped-Newlines.html#Escaped%20Newlines">Slightly Looser Rules for Escaped Newlines</a><li><a href="Subscripting.html#Subscripting">Non-Lvalue Arrays May Have Subscripts</a><li><a href="Pointer-Arith.html#Pointer%20Arith">Arithmetic on <code>void</code>- and Function-Pointers</a><li><a href="Initializers.html#Initializers">Non-Constant Initializers</a><li><a href="Compound-Literals.html#Compound%20Literals">Compound Literals</a><li><a href="Designated-Inits.html#Designated%20Inits">Designated Initializers</a>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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