ld.1

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You may want to use this option if you are linking files with an unusual
binary format.  You can also use \c
.B \-b\c
\& to switch formats explicitly (when
linking object files of different formats), by including
\c
.B \-b \c
.I input-format\c
\&\c
\& before each group of object files in a
particular format.  

The default format is taken from the environment variable
.B GNUTARGET\c
\&.  You can also define the input
format from a script, using the command \c
.B TARGET\c
\&.

.TP
.B \-Bstatic 
Do not link against shared libraries.  This is only meaningful on
platforms for which shared libraries are supported.

.TP
.B \-Bdynamic
Link against dynamic libraries.  This is only meaningful on platforms
for which shared libraries are supported.  This option is normally the
default on such platforms.

.TP
.B \-Bgroup
Set the \c
.B DF_1_GROUP
\c
flag in the \c
.B DT_FLAGS_1
\c
entry in the dynamic section.  This causes the runtime linker to handle
lookups in this object and its dependencies to be performed only inside
the group.  No undefined symbols are allowed.  This option is only
meaningful on ELF platforms which support shared libraries.

.TP
.B \-Bsymbolic
When creating a shared library, bind references to global symbols to
the definition within the shared library, if any.  Normally, it is
possible for a program linked against a shared library to override the
definition within the shared library.  This option is only meaningful
on ELF platforms which support shared libraries.

.TP
.BI "\-c " "commandfile"
Directs \c
.B ld\c
\& to read link commands from the file
\c
.I commandfile\c
\&.  These commands will completely override \c
.B ld\c
\&'s
default link format (rather than adding to it); \c
.I commandfile\c
\& must
specify everything necessary to describe the target format.


You may also include a script of link commands directly in the command
line by bracketing it between `\|\c
.B {\c
\|' and `\|\c
.B }\c
\|' characters.

.TP
.B \-\-cref
Output a cross reference table.  If a linker map file is being
generated, the cross reference table is printed to the map file.
Otherwise, it is printed on the standard output.

.TP
.B \-d 
.TP
.B \-dc
.TP
.B \-dp
These three options are equivalent; multiple forms are supported for
compatibility with other linkers.  Use any of them to make \c
.B ld
assign space to common symbols even if a relocatable output file is
specified (\c
.B \-r\c
\&).  The script command
\c
.B FORCE_COMMON_ALLOCATION\c
\& has the same effect.

.TP
.BI "-defsym " "symbol" "\fR=\fP" expression
Create a global symbol in the output file, containing the absolute
address given by \c
.I expression\c
\&.  You may use this option as many
times as necessary to define multiple symbols in the command line.  A
limited form of arithmetic is supported for the \c
.I expression\c
\& in this
context: you may give a hexadecimal constant or the name of an existing
symbol, or use \c
.B +\c
\& and \c
.B \-\c
\& to add or subtract hexadecimal
constants or symbols.  If you need more elaborate expressions, consider
using the linker command language from a script.

.TP
.B \-\-demangle
.TP
.B \-\-no\-demangle
These options control whether to demangle symbol names in error
messages and other output.  When the linker is told to demangle, it
tries to present symbol names in a readable fashion: it strips leading
underscores if they are used by the object file format, and converts
C++ mangled symbol names into user readable names.  The linker will
demangle by default unless the environment variable
.B COLLECT_NO_DEMANGLE
is set.  These options may be used to override the default.

.TP
.BI "-e " "entry"\c
\& 
Use \c
.I entry\c
\& as the explicit symbol for beginning execution of your
program, rather than the default entry point.  See the `\|\c
.B ld\c
\|' entry in `\|\c
.B info\c
\|' for a
discussion of defaults and other ways of specifying the
entry point.

.TP
.B \-embedded\-relocs
This option is only meaningful when linking MIPS embedded PIC code,
generated by the
.B \-membedded\-pic
option to the GNU compiler and assembler.  It causes the linker to
create a table which may be used at runtime to relocate any data which
was statically initialized to pointer values.  See the code in
testsuite/ld-empic for details.

.TP
.B \-E
.TP
.B \-export\-dynamic
When creating an ELF file, add all symbols to the dynamic symbol table.
Normally, the dynamic symbol table contains only symbols which are used
by a dynamic object.  This option is needed for some uses of
.I dlopen.

.TP
.BI "-f " "name"
.TP
.BI "--auxiliary " "name"
When creating an ELF shared object, set the internal DT_AUXILIARY field
to the specified name.  This tells the dynamic linker that the symbol
table of the shared object should be used as an auxiliary filter on the
symbol table of the shared object
.I name.

.TP
.BI "-F " "name"
.TP
.BI "--filter " "name"
When creating an ELF shared object, set the internal DT_FILTER field to
the specified name.  This tells the dynamic linker that the symbol table
of the shared object should be used as a filter on the symbol table of
the shared object
.I name.

.TP
.BI "\-format " "input\-format"
Synonym for \c
.B \-b\c
\& \c
.I input\-format\c
\&.

.TP
.B \-g
Accepted, but ignored; provided for compatibility with other tools.

.TP
.BI "\-G " "size"\c
Set the maximum size of objects to be optimized using the GP register
to
.I size
under MIPS ECOFF.  Ignored for other object file formats.

.TP
.BI "-h " "name"
.TP
.BI "-soname " "name"
When creating an ELF shared object, set the internal DT_SONAME field to
the specified name.  When an executable is linked with a shared object
which has a DT_SONAME field, then when the executable is run the dynamic
linker will attempt to load the shared object specified by the DT_SONAME
field rather than the using the file name given to the linker.

.TP
.B \-\-help
Print a summary of the command-line options on the standard output and exit.
This option and
.B \-\-version
begin with two dashes instead of one
for compatibility with other GNU programs.  The other options start with
only one dash for compatibility with other linkers.

.TP
.B \-i
Perform an incremental link (same as option \c
.B \-r\c
\&).

.TP
.BI "\-l" "ar"\c
\& 
Add an archive file \c
.I ar\c
\& to the list of files to link.  This 
option may be used any number of times.  \c
.B ld\c
\& will search its
path-list for occurrences of \c
.B lib\c
.I ar\c
\&.a\c
\& for every \c
.I ar
specified.

.TP
.BI "\-L" "searchdir"
This command adds path \c
.I searchdir\c
\& to the list of paths that
\c
.B ld\c
\& will search for archive libraries.  You may use this option
any number of times.

The default set of paths searched (without being specified with
\c
.B \-L\c
\&) depends on what emulation mode \c
.B ld\c
\& is using, and in
some cases also on how it was configured.    The
paths can also be specified in a link script with the \c
.B SEARCH_DIR
command.

.TP
.B \-M 
Print (to the standard output file) a link map\(em\&diagnostic information
about where symbols are mapped by \c
.B ld\c
\&, and information on global
common storage allocation.

.TP
.BI "\-Map " "mapfile"\c
Print to the file
.I mapfile
a link map\(em\&diagnostic information
about where symbols are mapped by \c
.B ld\c
\&, and information on global
common storage allocation.

.TP
.BI "\-m " "emulation"\c
Emulate the
.I emulation
linker.  You can list the available emulations with the
.I \-\-verbose
or
.I \-V
options.  This option overrides the compiled-in default, which is the
system for which you configured
.BR ld .

.TP
.B \-N 
specifies readable and writable \c
.B text\c
\& and \c
.B data\c
\& sections. If
the output format supports Unix style magic numbers, the output is
marked as \c
.B OMAGIC\c
\&.

When you use the `\|\c
.B \-N\c
\&\|' option, the linker does not page-align the
data segment.

.TP
.B \-n 
sets the text segment to be read only, and \c
.B NMAGIC\c
\& is written
if possible.

.TP
.B \-noinhibit\-exec
Normally, the linker will not produce an output file if it encounters
errors during the link process.  With this flag, you can specify that
you wish the output file retained even after non-fatal errors.

.TP
.B \-no\-keep\-memory
The linker normally optimizes for speed over memory usage by caching
the symbol tables of input files in memory.  This option tells the
linker to instead optimize for memory usage, by rereading the symbol
tables as necessary.  This may be required if the linker runs out of
memory space while linking a large executable.

.TP
.B \-no\-warn\-mismatch
Normally the linker will give an error if you try to link together
input files that are mismatched for some reason, perhaps because they
have been compiled for different processors or for different
endiannesses.  This option tells the linker that it should silently
permit such possible errors.  This option should only be used with
care, in cases when you have taken some special action that ensures
that the linker errors are inappropriate.

.TP
.BI "\-o " "output"
.I output\c
\& is a name for the program produced by \c
.B ld\c
\&; if this
option is not specified, the name `\|\c
.B a.out\c
\|' is used by default.  The
script command \c
.B OUTPUT\c
\& can also specify the output file name.

.TP
.BI "\-O" "level"
Generate optimized output files.  This might use significantly more
time and therefore probably should be enabled only for generating the
final binary.
\c
.I level\c
\& is supposed to be a numeric value.  Any value greater than zero enables
the optimizations.

.TP
.BI "\--oformat " "output\-format"
Specify the binary format for the output object file.
You don't usually need to specify this, as
\c
.B ld\c
\& is configured to produce as a default output format the most
usual format on each machine.  \c
.I output-format\c
\& is a text string, the
name of a particular format supported by the BFD libraries.  
The script command