util.c

关于tor匿名通信的源代码

/* Copyright (c) 2003, Roger Dingledine
 * Copyright (c) 2004-2006, Roger Dingledine, Nick Mathewson.
 * Copyright (c) 2007-2008, The Tor Project, Inc. */
/* See LICENSE for licensing information */
/* $Id$ */
const char util_c_id[] = "$Id$";

/**
 * \file util.c
 * \brief Common functions for strings, IO, network, data structures,
 * process control.
 **/

/* This is required on rh7 to make strptime not complain.
 */
#define _GNU_SOURCE

#include "orconfig.h"
#include "util.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "crypto.h"
#include "torint.h"
#include "container.h"

#ifdef MS_WINDOWS
#include <io.h>
#include <direct.h>
#include <process.h>
#else
#include <dirent.h>
#include <pwd.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_CTYPE_H
#include <ctype.h>
#endif
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <assert.h>

#ifdef HAVE_NETINET_IN_H
#include <netinet/in.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_ARPA_INET_H
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_ERRNO_H
#include <errno.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_SYS_SOCKET_H
#include <sys/socket.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_SYS_TIME_H
#include <sys/time.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
#include <unistd.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_SYS_STAT_H
#include <sys/stat.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_SYS_FCNTL_H
#include <sys/fcntl.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_FCNTL_H
#include <fcntl.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_TIME_H
#include <time.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_MALLOC_MALLOC_H
#include <malloc/malloc.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_MALLOC_H
#include <malloc.h>
#endif

/* =====
 * Memory management
 * ===== */
#ifdef USE_DMALLOC
 #undef strndup
 #include <dmalloc.h>
 #define DMALLOC_FN_ARGS , file, line

 #if defined(HAVE_DMALLOC_STRDUP)
 /* the dmalloc_strdup should be fine as defined */
 #elif defined(HAVE_DMALLOC_STRNDUP)
 #define dmalloc_strdup(file, line, string, xalloc_b) \
         dmalloc_strndup(file, line, (string), -1, xalloc_b)
 #else
 #error "No dmalloc_strdup or equivalent"
 #endif

#else /* not using dmalloc */
 #define dmalloc_strdup(file, line, string, xalloc_b) strdup(string)

 #define dmalloc_malloc(file, line, size, func_id, alignment, xalloc_b) \
     malloc(size)
 #define DMALLOC_FUNC_MALLOC 0

 #define dmalloc_realloc(file, line, old_pnt, new_size, func_id, xalloc_b) \
     realloc((old_pnt), (new_size))
 #define DMALLOC_FUNC_REALLOC 0
 #define DMALLOC_FN_ARGS
#endif

/** Allocate a chunk of <b>size</b> bytes of memory, and return a pointer to
 * result.  On error, log and terminate the process.  (Same as malloc(size),
 * but never returns NULL.)
 *
 * <b>file</b> and <b>line</b> are used if dmalloc is enabled, and
 * ignored otherwise.
 */
void *
_tor_malloc(size_t size DMALLOC_PARAMS)
{
  void *result;

#ifndef MALLOC_ZERO_WORKS
  /* Some libcs don't do the right thing on size==0. Override them. */
  if (size==0) {
    size=1;
  }
#endif
  result = dmalloc_malloc(file, line, size, DMALLOC_FUNC_MALLOC, 0, 0);

  if (PREDICT_UNLIKELY(result == NULL)) {
    log_err(LD_MM,"Out of memory on malloc(). Dying.");
    /* If these functions die within a worker process, they won't call
     * spawn_exit, but that's ok, since the parent will run out of memory soon
     * anyway. */
    exit(1);
  }
  return result;
}

/** Allocate a chunk of <b>size</b> bytes of memory, fill the memory with
 * zero bytes, and return a pointer to the result.  Log and terminate
 * the process on error.  (Same as calloc(size,1), but never returns NULL.)
 */
void *
_tor_malloc_zero(size_t size DMALLOC_PARAMS)
{
  void *result = _tor_malloc(size DMALLOC_FN_ARGS);
  memset(result, 0, size);
  return result;
}

/** Change the size of the memory block pointed to by <b>ptr</b> to <b>size</b>
 * bytes long; return the new memory block.  On error, log and
 * terminate. (Like realloc(ptr,size), but never returns NULL.)
 */
void *
_tor_realloc(void *ptr, size_t size DMALLOC_PARAMS)
{
  void *result;

  result = dmalloc_realloc(file, line, ptr, size, DMALLOC_FUNC_REALLOC, 0);
  if (PREDICT_UNLIKELY(result == NULL)) {
    log_err(LD_MM,"Out of memory on realloc(). Dying.");
    exit(1);
  }
  return result;
}

/** Return a newly allocated copy of the NUL-terminated string s. On
 * error, log and terminate.  (Like strdup(s), but never returns
 * NULL.)
 */
char *
_tor_strdup(const char *s DMALLOC_PARAMS)
{
  char *dup;
  tor_assert(s);

  dup = dmalloc_strdup(file, line, s, 0);
  if (PREDICT_UNLIKELY(dup == NULL)) {
    log_err(LD_MM,"Out of memory on strdup(). Dying.");
    exit(1);
  }
  return dup;
}

/** Allocate and return a new string containing the first <b>n</b>
 * characters of <b>s</b>.  If <b>s</b> is longer than <b>n</b>
 * characters, only the first <b>n</b> are copied.  The result is
 * always NUL-terminated.  (Like strndup(s,n), but never returns
 * NULL.)
 */
char *
_tor_strndup(const char *s, size_t n DMALLOC_PARAMS)
{
  char *dup;
  tor_assert(s);
  dup = _tor_malloc((n+1) DMALLOC_FN_ARGS);
  /* Performance note: Ordinarily we prefer strlcpy to strncpy.  But
   * this function gets called a whole lot, and platform strncpy is
   * much faster than strlcpy when strlen(s) is much longer than n.
   */
  strncpy(dup, s, n);
  dup[n]='\0';
  return dup;
}

/** Allocate a chunk of <b>len</b> bytes, with the same contents starting at
 * <b>mem</b>. */
void *
_tor_memdup(const void *mem, size_t len DMALLOC_PARAMS)
{
  char *dup;
  tor_assert(mem);
  dup = _tor_malloc(len DMALLOC_FN_ARGS);
  memcpy(dup, mem, len);
  return dup;
}

/** Helper for places that need to take a function pointer to the right
 * spelling of "free()". */
void
_tor_free(void *mem)
{
  tor_free(mem);
}

#if defined(HAVE_MALLOC_GOOD_SIZE) && !defined(HAVE_MALLOC_GOOD_SIZE_PROTOTYPE)
/* Some version of Mac OSX have malloc_good_size in their libc, but not
 * actually defined in malloc/malloc.h.  We detect this and work around it by
 * prototyping.
 */
extern size_t malloc_good_size(size_t size);
#endif

/** Allocate and return a chunk of memory of size at least *<b>size</p>, using
 * the same resources we would use to malloc *<b>sizep</b>.  Set *<b>sizep</b>
 * to the number of usable bytes in the chunk of memory. */
void *
_tor_malloc_roundup(size_t *sizep DMALLOC_PARAMS)
{
#ifdef HAVE_MALLOC_GOOD_SIZE
  *sizep = malloc_good_size(*sizep);
  return _tor_malloc(*sizep DMALLOC_FN_ARGS);
#elif defined(HAVE_MALLOC_USABLE_SIZE) && !defined(USE_DMALLOC)
  void *result = _tor_malloc(*sizep DMALLOC_FN_ARGS);
  *sizep = malloc_usable_size(result);
  return result;
#else
  return _tor_malloc(*sizep DMALLOC_FN_ARGS);
#endif
}

/** Call the platform malloc info function, and dump the results to the log at
 * level <b>severity</b>.  If no such function exists, do nothing. */
void
tor_log_mallinfo(int severity)
{
#ifdef HAVE_MALLINFO
  struct mallinfo mi;
  memset(&mi, 0, sizeof(mi));
  mi = mallinfo();
  log(severity, LD_MM,
      "mallinfo() said: arena=%d, ordblks=%d, smblks=%d, hblks=%d, "
      "hblkhd=%d, usmblks=%d, fsmblks=%d, uordblks=%d, fordblks=%d, "
      "keepcost=%d",
      mi.arena, mi.ordblks, mi.smblks, mi.hblks,
      mi.hblkhd, mi.usmblks, mi.fsmblks, mi.uordblks, mi.fordblks,
      mi.keepcost);
#else
  (void)severity;
#endif
#ifdef USE_DMALLOC
  dmalloc_log_changed(0, /* Since the program started. */
                      1, /* Log info about non-freed pointers. */
                      0, /* Do not log info about freed pointers. */
                      0  /* Do not log individual pointers. */
                      );
#endif
}

/* =====
 * Math
 * ===== */

/** Returns floor(log2(u64)).  If u64 is 0, (incorrectly) returns 0. */
int
tor_log2(uint64_t u64)
{
  int r = 0;
  if (u64 >= (U64_LITERAL(1)<<32)) {
    u64 >>= 32;
    r = 32;
  }
  if (u64 >= (U64_LITERAL(1)<<16)) {
    u64 >>= 16;
    r += 16;
  }
  if (u64 >= (U64_LITERAL(1)<<8)) {
    u64 >>= 8;
    r += 8;
  }
  if (u64 >= (U64_LITERAL(1)<<4)) {
    u64 >>= 4;
    r += 4;
  }
  if (u64 >= (U64_LITERAL(1)<<2)) {
    u64 >>= 2;
    r += 2;
  }
  if (u64 >= (U64_LITERAL(1)<<1)) {
    u64 >>= 1;
    r += 1;
  }
  return r;
}

/** Return the power of 2 closest to <b>u64</b>. */
uint64_t
round_to_power_of_2(uint64_t u64)
{
  int lg2 = tor_log2(u64);
  uint64_t low = U64_LITERAL(1) << lg2, high = U64_LITERAL(1) << (lg2+1);
  if (high - u64 < u64 - low)
    return high;
  else
    return low;
}

/* =====
 * String manipulation
 * ===== */

/** Remove from the string <b>s</b> every character which appears in
 * <b>strip</b>. */
void
tor_strstrip(char *s, const char *strip)
{
  char *read = s;
  while (*read) {
    if (strchr(strip, *read)) {
      ++read;
    } else {
      *s++ = *read++;
    }
  }
  *s = '\0';
}

/** Return a pointer to a NUL-terminated hexadecimal string encoding
 * the first <b>fromlen</b> bytes of <b>from</b>. (fromlen must be \<= 32.) The
 * result does not need to be deallocated, but repeated calls to
 * hex_str will trash old results.
 */
const char *
hex_str(const char *from, size_t fromlen)
{
  static char buf[65];
  if (fromlen>(sizeof(buf)-1)/2)
    fromlen = (sizeof(buf)-1)/2;
  base16_encode(buf,sizeof(buf),from,fromlen);
  return buf;
}

/** Convert all alphabetic characters in the nul-terminated string <b>s</b> to
 * lowercase. */
void
tor_strlower(char *s)
{
  while (*s) {
    *s = TOR_TOLOWER(*s);
    ++s;
  }
}

/** Convert all alphabetic characters in the nul-terminated string <b>s</b> to
 * lowercase. */
void
tor_strupper(char *s)
{
  while (*s) {
    *s = TOR_TOUPPER(*s);
    ++s;
  }
}

/** Return 1 if every character in <b>s</b> is printable, else return 0.
 */
int
tor_strisprint(const char *s)
{
  while (*s) {
    if (!TOR_ISPRINT(*s))
      return 0;
    s++;
  }
  return 1;
}

/** Return 1 if no character in <b>s</b> is uppercase, else return 0.
 */
int
tor_strisnonupper(const char *s)
{
  while (*s) {
    if (TOR_ISUPPER(*s))
      return 0;
    s++;
  }
  return 1;
}

/** Compares the first strlen(s2) characters of s1 with s2.  Returns as for
 * strcmp.
 */
int
strcmpstart(const char *s1, const char *s2)
{
  size_t n = strlen(s2);
  return strncmp(s1, s2, n);
}

/** Compare the s1_len-byte string <b>s1</b> with <b>s2</b>,
 * without depending on a terminating nul in s1.  Sorting order is first by
 * length, then lexically; return values are as for strcmp.
 */
int
strcmp_len(const char *s1, const char *s2, size_t s1_len)
{
  size_t s2_len = strlen(s2);
  if (s1_len < s2_len)
    return -1;
  if (s1_len > s2_len)
    return 1;
  return memcmp(s1, s2, s2_len);
}

/** Compares the first strlen(s2) characters of s1 with s2.  Returns as for
 * strcasecmp.
 */
int
strcasecmpstart(const char *s1, const char *s2)
{
  size_t n = strlen(s2);
  return strncasecmp(s1, s2, n);
}

/** Compares the last strlen(s2) characters of s1 with s2.  Returns as for
 * strcmp.
 */
int
strcmpend(const char *s1, const char *s2)
{
  size_t n1 = strlen(s1), n2 = strlen(s2);
  if (n2>n1)
    return strcmp(s1,s2);
  else
    return strncmp(s1+(n1-n2), s2, n2);
}

/** Compares the last strlen(s2) characters of s1 with s2.  Returns as for
 * strcasecmp.
 */
int
strcasecmpend(const char *s1, const char *s2)
{
  size_t n1 = strlen(s1), n2 = strlen(s2);
  if (n2>n1) /* then they can't be the same; figure out which is bigger */
    return strcasecmp(s1,s2);
  else