string.htm

这是关于VC++中的STL容器的资料,包括了STL容器各个类之间关系以及类的说明

<a name="assign5">
Method             assign()</a>

Access             Public

Classification     Modifier

Syntax             basic_string& assign(size_type n, charT c);

Parameters         <em>n</em> is the number of characters to be assigned.

                   <em>c</em> is the character to be assigned to the
                   character sequence of the current object.

Returns            This method returns a pointer to the calling object.

</pre>

<h3>Description</h3>
<p>
This assign() method assigns <em>n</em> number of the character <em>c</em> to
the current object's character sequence. The method returns *this.
</p>

<hr>

<pre>
<a name="assign6">
Method             assign()</a>

Access             Public

Classification      Modifier

Syntax             template&lt;class InputIterator&gt;
                    basic_string& assign(InputIterator first, 
                                           InputIterator last);

Parameters         <em>first</em> points to the beginning of a character
                   range.

                   <em>last</em> points to the end of a character range.

Returns            This method returns a pointer to the calling object.

</pre>


<h3>Description</h3>
<p>
This assign() method is a template function that assigns a range specified by the input iterators
<em>first</em> and <em>last</em> to the current object's character sequence. The method
return *this. An exception out_of_range is thrown if pos &gt; str.size().
</p>

<hr>

<pre>
<a name="at1">
Method             at()</a>

Access             Public

Classification     Accessor

Syntax             const_reference at(size_type pos) const;

Parameters         <em>pos</em> is a position in the sequence of the current 
                   object.

Returns            This method returns a const reference to the
                   character at position pos.

</pre>

<h3>Description</h3>
<p>
This at() method returns the const reference to the character at position 
<em>pos</em>. This is equivalent to operator[](pos). It requires pos &lt; size().
An exception out_of_range is returned if pos &gt;= size().
</p>

<hr>

<pre>
<a name="at2">
Method             at()</a>

Access             Public

Classification     Accessor

Syntax             reference at(size_type pos);

Parameters         <em>pos</em> is a position in the character sequence of 
                   the current object.

Returns            This method returns a reference to the character at 
                   position pos.

</pre>

<h3>Description</h3>
<p>
This at() method returns the reference to the character at position
<em>pos</em>. This is equivalent to operator[](pos). It requires pos &lt; size().
An exception out_of_range is returned if pos &gt;= size().
</p>

<hr>

<pre>
<a name="basic_string1">
Method             basic_string()</a>

Access             Public

Classification     Constructor

Syntax             explicit basic_string(const Allocator& a = Allocator())

Parameter          <em>a</em> has a default value Allocator().

Returns            None

</pre>

<h3>Description</h3>
<p>
This is the default constructor. This explicit constructor constructs a basic_string
object with a single argument. This means the constructor
is only invoked when the argument type matches the
parameter type exactly. The compiler will not perform any type conversion. The 
Allocator object has a default value.<br>
<br>
After construction:
</p>
<pre>
     data() returns a non-null pointer; 0 can be added to it.

     size() returns 0.

     capacity() returns an unspecified value.
</pre>

<hr>

<pre>
<a name="basic_string2">
Method             basic_string()</a>

Access             Public

Classification     Constructor

Syntax             basic_string(const basic_string& str,
                                size_type pos = 0,
                                size_type n = npos,
                                const Allocator& a = Allocator())

Parameters         <em>str</em> is a basic_string object in which the current
                   object is initialized.

                   <em>pos</em> is a position in the character sequence of str.

                   <em>n</em> is the length of the character sequence of str
                   to be assigned to the new object.

                   <em>a</em> has a default value Allocator().

Returns            None

</pre>

<h3>Description</h3>
<p>
This constructor constructs a basic_string object and initializes the basic_string 
object with another basic_string object <em>str</em>. <em>pos</em> has a default 
value of 0. <em>pos</em> has to be
less than or equal to str.size(). <em>n</em> has a default value of npos. 
npos is initialized to the largest possible value. <em>pos</em> and <em>n</em>
determines the character sequence to be copied into the new string object. The 
length of the sequence is the smaller of <em>n</em> and str.size() - <em>pos</em>. 
The allocator object has a default value Allocator(). This constructor throws an 
exception out-of-range is <em>pos</em> &gt; str.size().<br>
<br>
After construction:
</p>
<pre>
                   data() returns a pointer that points to the first 
                   element of an allocated copy of strlength 
                   consecutive elements of the string controlled by
                   str beginning at position pos.

                   size() returns strlength which is the smaller of 
                   n and str.size() - pos.

                   capacity() returns a value at least as large as 
                   size().

                   get_allocator() returns str.get_allocator().

</pre>

<hr>
<pre>
<a name="basic_string3">
Method             basic_string()</a>

Access             Public

Classification     Constructor

Syntax             basic_string(const charT* s,
                                size_type n,
                                const Allocator& a = Allocator());

Parameters         <em>s</em> points to the character array to be copied
                   to the new object.

                   <em>n</em> is the length of the character sequence.

                   <em>a</em> has a default value Allocator().

Returns            None

</pre>

<h3>Description</h3>
<p>
This constructor constructs a basic_string object and initializes the 
basic_string object with the array of charT pointed to by <em>s</em>, the 
first element in the array. <em>s</em> is not be a null pointer. The length 
of the string is determined by <em>n</em>. <em>n</em> is
less than npos. The allocator object has a default value Allocator(). This
constructor throws an exception out_of_range if n == npos.<br>
<br>
After construction:
</p>
<pre>
                   data() returns a pointer that points to the first 
                   element of an allocated copy of the array whose 
                   first element is pointed to by s.

                   size() returns n.

                   capacity() returns a value at least as large as 
                   size().
</pre>
<hr>
<pre>
<a name="basic_string4">
Method             basic_string()</a>

Access             Public

Classification     Constructor

Syntax             basic_string(const charT* s,
                                const Allocator& a = Allocator());

Parameters         <em>s</em> points to the character array to be copied
                   to the new object.

                   <em>a</em> has a default value Allocator().

Returns            None

</pre>

<h3>Description</h3>
<p>
This constructor constructs a basic_string object and initializes the basic_string 
object with the array of charT pointed to by <em>s</em>, the first element in the 
array. <em>s</em> is not be a null pointer. The length of the string is determined 
by traits::length(s). The allocator object has a default value Allocator().<br>
<br>
After construction:
</p>
<pre>
                   data() returns a pointer that points to the first 
                   element of an allocated whose first element is pointed 
                   to by s.

                   size() returns traits::length(s).

                   capacity() returns a value at least as large as size().
</pre>
<hr>

<pre>
<a name="basic_string5">
Method             basic_string()</a>

Access             Public

Classification     Constructor

Syntax             basic_string(size_type n,
                                charT c,
                                const Allocator& a = Allocator());

Parameters         <em>n</em> is the number of characters to be copied to the
                   new object.

                   <em>c</em> is the character to be copied.

                   <em>a</em> has a default value Allocator().

Returns            None

</pre>

<h3>Description</h3>
<p>
This constructor constructs a basic_string object and initializes the 
basic_string object with the charT <em>c</em> repeated <em>n</em> times. 
<em>n</em> is less than npos. The allocator object has a default value 
Allocator(). This constructor throws an exception length_error if n == npos.<br>
<br>
After construction:
</p>
<pre>
                   data() returns a pointer that points to the first 
                   element of an allocated copy of the array whose 
                   first element is pointed to by str.data().

                   size() returns str.size().

                   capacity() returns a value at least as large as 
                   size().
</pre>

<hr>

<pre>
<a name="basic_string6">
Method             basic_string()</a>

Access             Public

Classification     Constructor

Syntax             template &lt;class InputIterator&gt;
                     basic_string(InputIterator begin, InputIterator end,
                                  const Allocator& a = Allocator());

Parameters         <em>begin</em> points to the beginning of a character
                   range.

                   <em>end</em> points to the end of a character range.
 
                   <em>a</em> has a default value Allocator().

Returns            None

</pre>

<h3>Description</h3>
<p>
A template constructor that constructs a basic_string object and initializes 
the basic_string object with the values determined by the range [begin, end). 
The length of the string is determined by the distance between <em>begin</em> and <em>end</em>.
The allocator object has a default value Allocator().<br>
<br>
After construction:
</p>
<pre>
                   data() returns a pointer that points to the first 
                   element of an allocated copy of the elements in 
                   the range [begin, end).

                   size() returns the distance between begin and end.

                   capacity() returns a value at least as large as 
                   size().
</pre>

<hr>

<pre>
<a name="~basic_string">
Method             basic_string()</a>

Access             Public

Classification     Destructor

Syntax             ~basic_string();
 
Parameters         None

Returns            None

</pre>


<h3>Description</h3>
<p>
The ~basic_string() destroys the basic_string object.
</p>

<hr>

<pre>
<a name="begin1">
Method             begin()</a>

Access             Public

Classification     Accessor

Syntax             iterator begin();

Parameters         None

Returns            This method returns an iterator that points to the
                   first element of the current object's character
                   sequence.

</pre>

<h3>Description</h3>
<p>
This begin() method returns an iterator that points to the first element of the basic_string
object's character sequence.
</p>

<hr>

<pre>
<a name="begin2">
Method             begin()</a>

Access             Public

Classification     Accessor

Syntax             const_iterator begin() const;

Parameters         None

Returns            This method returns a const iterator that points 
                   to the first element of the current object's 
                   character sequence.