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📄 c++ builder 程序设计实用教程 - 3_2_1 菜单及其概述 - 张晋 - 17xie.htm

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<P class=a0><SPAN lang=EN-US 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">end<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=a0><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">object 
About1: TMenuItem<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=a0><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">Caption = 
'About'<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=a0><SPAN lang=EN-US 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">end<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">保存窗体文件，重新打开项目文件，在程序的设计阶段用鼠标的左键单击菜单项“</SPAN><SPAN 
lang=EN-US>File</SPAN><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”，结果如图</SPAN><SPAN 
lang=EN-US>3-18</SPAN><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">所示。</SPAN></P>
<P class=a><SPAN lang=EN-US><IMG height=219 
src="C++ Builder 程序设计实用教程 - 3_2_1 菜单及其概述 - 张晋 - 17xie.files/fe8866d4ac.jpg" 
width=318 v:shapes="_x0000_i1029"></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoCaption><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">图</SPAN><SPAN 
lang=EN-US>3-18<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">修改后的菜单项</SPAN></P>
<H4><SPAN lang=EN-US>5</SPAN><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">．设置分隔条</SPAN></H4>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在菜单系统的设计中，经常可以看到所谓的将菜单项分组的技术，即在同一个菜单项下将一个几个子菜单项组合成一个集合，从而用分隔条相互的隔离开来，如图</SPAN><SPAN 
lang=EN-US>3-19</SPAN><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">所示即为一个典型的分隔条设置示例。</SPAN></P>
<P class=a><SPAN lang=EN-US><IMG height=203 
src="C++ Builder 程序设计实用教程 - 3_2_1 菜单及其概述 - 张晋 - 17xie.files/4fbf415d3e.jpg" 
width=318 v:shapes="_x0000_i1030"></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoCaption><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">图</SPAN><SPAN 
lang=EN-US>3-19<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">菜单项中的分隔条</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">其实分隔条的设计也是相当简单的，只要在菜单项的</SPAN><SPAN 
lang=EN-US>Caption</SPAN><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">属性中设置为“</SPAN><SPAN 
lang=EN-US>-</SPAN><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”即可，如图</SPAN><SPAN 
lang=EN-US>3-19</SPAN><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">所示的菜单项分隔条属性设置如下：</SPAN></P>
<P class=a0><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">object New1: 
TMenuItem<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=a0><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">Caption = 
'New'<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=a0><SPAN lang=EN-US 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">end<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=a0><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">object 
Open1: TMenuItem<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=a0><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">Caption = 
'Open'<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=a0><SPAN lang=EN-US 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">end<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=a0><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">object 
Close1: TMenuItem<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=a0><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">Caption = 
'Close'<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=a0><SPAN lang=EN-US 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">end<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=a0><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">object N1: 
TMenuItem<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=a0><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">Caption = 
'-'<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=a0><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">End<SPAN 
style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
</SPAN>//</SPAN><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">设置分割条</SPAN><SPAN 
lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=a0><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">object 
Save1: TMenuItem<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=a0><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">Caption = 
'Save'<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=a0><SPAN lang=EN-US 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">end<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=a0><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">object 
Save2: TMenuItem<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=a0><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">Caption = 
'Save as'<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=a0><SPAN lang=EN-US 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">end<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=a0><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">object 
About1: TMenuItem<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=a0><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">Caption = 
'About'<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=a0><SPAN lang=EN-US 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">end<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=a0><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">object N2: 
TMenuItem<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=a0><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">Caption = 
'-'<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=a0><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">End<SPAN 
style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
</SPAN>//</SPAN><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">设置分割条</SPAN><SPAN 
lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=a0><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">object 
Exit1: TMenuItem<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=a0><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">Caption = 
'Exit'<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=a0><SPAN lang=EN-US 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">end<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<H4><SPAN lang=EN-US>6</SPAN><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">．设置快捷键</SPAN></H4>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一般来说，常用的菜单项都有自己的快捷键（加速键或者热键），为菜单项设置一个合适的快捷键，可以提高用户访问命令和使用菜单项的效率，如图</SPAN><SPAN 
lang=EN-US>3-20</SPAN><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">所示为</SPAN><SPAN 
lang=EN-US>Word </SPAN><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">中“编辑”菜单，基本上每一个菜单项都有自己的快捷键方式。</SPAN></P>
<P class=a><SPAN lang=EN-US><IMG height=216 
src="C++ Builder 程序设计实用教程 - 3_2_1 菜单及其概述 - 张晋 - 17xie.files/087895fafe.jpg" 
width=117 v:shapes="_x0000_i1031"></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoCaption><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">图</SPAN><SPAN 
lang=EN-US>3-20 <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">有快捷键的菜单项</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在</SPAN><SPAN 
lang=EN-US>CBuilder</SPAN><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">中可以为每一个子菜单项设置快捷键：</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在</SPAN><SPAN 
lang=EN-US>CBuilder</SPAN><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">中，通过设置子菜单项的</SPAN><SPAN 
lang=EN-US>Caption</SPAN><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">属性可以为子菜单项设置加速键，在设置</SPAN><SPAN 
lang=EN-US>Caption</SPAN><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">属性时，在需要设置为加速键的字母前面加一个“</SPAN><SPAN 
lang=EN-US>&amp;</SPAN><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”符号，这样菜单项中的该字母就会自动的加上一个下划线，在程序运行过程中用户按下</SPAN><SPAN 
lang=EN-US>Alt</SPAN><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">键和该字母的组合键就可以实现选中子菜单项的功能。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">如图</SPAN><SPAN 
lang=EN-US>3-21</SPAN><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">所示即为设置了加速键的子菜单项——</SPAN><SPAN 
lang=EN-US>New</SPAN><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，在程序运行的过程中，用户随时的按下</SPAN><SPAN 
lang=EN-US>Alt+N</SPAN><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">键就可以访问子菜单项</SPAN><SPAN 
lang=EN-US>New</SPAN><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN></P>
<P class=a><SPAN lang=EN-US><IMG height=231 
src="C++ Builder 程序设计实用教程 - 3_2_1 菜单及其概述 - 张晋 - 17xie.files/48bdae2a76.jpg" 
width=222 v:shapes="_x0000_i1032"></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoCaption><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">图</SPAN><SPAN 
lang=EN-US>3-21 <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">设置加速键</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">当为子菜单项设置热键时，操作方法与以上略有不同。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">首先用鼠标选中想要设置热键的子菜单项，然后用鼠标的左键单击这个菜单项，返回到子菜单项的属性列表中，单击属性列表中</SPAN><SPAN 
lang=EN-US>ShortCut</SPAN><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">属性输入框右侧的</SPAN><SPAN 
lang=EN-US style="mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-no-proof: yes"><IMG height=15 
src="C++ Builder 程序设计实用教程 - 3_2_1 菜单及其概述 - 张晋 - 17xie.files/6906a96979.jpg" 
width=15 v:shapes="_x0000_i1033"></SPAN><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-no-proof: yes">下拉按钮，在弹出的热键列表中选择一个合适的热键即可。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">如图</SPAN><SPAN 
lang=EN-US>3-22</SPAN><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">所示为设置了加速键和热键的菜单效果。</SPAN></P>
<P class=a><SPAN lang=EN-US><IMG height=205 
src="C++ Builder 程序设计实用教程 - 3_2_1 菜单及其概述 - 张晋 - 17xie.files/764ce8c297.jpg" 
width=320 v:shapes="_x0000_i1034"></SPAN></P>
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