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<H2><A name=_Toc502915182></A><A name=_Toc392379913><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _Toc502915182"><SPAN lang=EN-US>2.1<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _Toc392379913"><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _Toc502915182"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">通用按钮组件</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<P class=MsoNormalIndent><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">计算器是我们进行科学计算的基本工具之一，在</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US>Windows</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">操作系统的“附件”中就带有一个“计算器”应用程序，在</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US>Windows</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的“开始”菜单中，选择“程序”</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US>/</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">“附件”中的“计算器”选项，在屏幕上就会弹出一个如图</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US>2-1</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">所示的“计算器”。</SPAN></P>
<P class=a><SPAN lang=EN-US><IMG height=199
src="C++ Builder 程序设计实用教程 - 2_1 通用按钮组件 - 张晋 - 17xie.files/a41b7c677e.jpg"
width=219 v:shapes="_x0000_i1025"></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoCaption><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">图</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US>2-1<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Windows</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">中的计算器</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US> </SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">读者可以看到，计算器上有众多的按钮，点击这些按钮就可以实现简单的运算了。下面就利用按钮组件（</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US>Button</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">组件）来制作一个“计算器”应用程序，它能够实现整数的简单的加减乘除运算，具体的程序设计步骤如下所示：</SPAN></P>
<H4><SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">．开始工作</SPAN></H4>
<P class=MsoNormalIndent><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">首先启动一个新的项目，选择菜单</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US>File</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">中的</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US>New Application</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">项，在</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US>CBuilder 5</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的集成开发环境中就会弹出一个新建的窗体，在组件工具栏上选择</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US>Standard</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">选项后，在</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US>Button</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">组件的图标上双击鼠标的左键，这时空白的窗体上就会出现一个按钮组件，接着向窗体上添加</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US>15</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US>Button</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">组件和一个</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US>Edit</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">组件，各个组件的功能将在后面分别的加以介绍。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormalIndent><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">添加组件后的窗体如图</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US>2-2</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">所示。</SPAN></P>
<P class=a><SPAN lang=EN-US><IMG height=238
src="C++ Builder 程序设计实用教程 - 2_1 通用按钮组件 - 张晋 - 17xie.files/965d108840.jpg"
width=290 v:shapes="_x0000_i1026"></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoCaption><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">图</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US>2-2<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">添加组件后的窗体</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormalIndent><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在上面所添加的</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US>16</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US>Button</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">组件中，可以大致的分为三类——字符类、运算类和清零类，下面分别的加以介绍。</SPAN></P>
<H4><SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">．字符类</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US>Button</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">组件</SPAN></H4>
<P class=MsoNormalIndent><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">所谓的字符类</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US>Button</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">组件，即十个</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US>Caption</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">属性设置为从</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US>0</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">—</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US>9</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US>Button</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">组件，它们的作用是接收用户在程序运行过程中的输入，它们的属性设置如下所示：</SPAN></P>
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