📄 c816.html
字号:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"><HTML><HEAD><TITLE>杂项构件</TITLE><METANAME="GENERATOR"CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+"><LINKREL="HOME"TITLE="GTK+ 2.0 教程"HREF="book1.html"><LINKREL="PREVIOUS"TITLE="示例"HREF="x806.html"><LINKREL="NEXT"TITLE="箭头 Arrows"HREF="x856.html"></HEAD><BODYCLASS="CHAPTER"BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"TEXT="#000000"LINK="#0000FF"VLINK="#840084"ALINK="#0000FF"><DIVCLASS="NAVHEADER"><TABLESUMMARY="Header navigation table"WIDTH="100%"BORDER="0"CELLPADDING="0"CELLSPACING="0"><TR><THCOLSPAN="3"ALIGN="center">GTK+ 2.0 教程</TH></TR><TR><TDWIDTH="10%"ALIGN="left"VALIGN="bottom"><AHREF="x806.html"ACCESSKEY="P"><<< Previous</A></TD><TDWIDTH="80%"ALIGN="center"VALIGN="bottom"></TD><TDWIDTH="10%"ALIGN="right"VALIGN="bottom"><AHREF="x856.html"ACCESSKEY="N">Next >>></A></TD></TR></TABLE><HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="100%"></DIV><DIVCLASS="CHAPTER"><H1><ANAME="CH-MISCWIDGETS">杂项构件</H1><DIVCLASS="SECT1"><H1CLASS="SECT1"><ANAME="SEC-LABELS">标签 Labels</H1><P>标签(Labels)是 GTK 中最常用的构件，实际上它很简单。因为没有相关联的 X 窗口，标签不能引发信号。如果需要获取或引发信号，可以将它放在一个<AHREF="c1289.html#SEC-EVENTBOX">事件盒</A>中，或放在按钮构件里面。</P><P>用以下函数创建一个新标签：</P><TABLEBORDER="0"BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"WIDTH="100%"><TR><TD><PRECLASS="PROGRAMLISTING">GtkWidget *gtk_label_new( const char *str );GtkWidget *gtk_label_new_with_mnemonic( const char *str );</PRE></TD></TR></TABLE><P>唯一的参数是要由标签显示的字符串。</P><P>创建标签后，要改变标签你的文本，用以下函数：</P><TABLEBORDER="0"BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"WIDTH="100%"><TR><TD><PRECLASS="PROGRAMLISTING">void gtk_label_set_text( GtkLabel *label, const char *str );</PRE></TD></TR></TABLE><P>第一参数是前面创建的标签(用 <TTCLASS="LITERAL">GTK_LABEL()</TT> 宏转换)，第二个参数是新的字符串。</P><P>如果需要，新字符串需要的空间会做自动调整。在字符串中放置换行符，可以创建多行标签。</P><P>用以下函数取得标签的当前文本：</P><TABLEBORDER="0"BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"WIDTH="100%"><TR><TD><PRECLASS="PROGRAMLISTING">const gchar* gtk_label_get_text( GtkLabel *label ); </PRE></TD></TR></TABLE><P>不要释放返回的字符串，因为 GTK 内部要使用它。</P><P>标签的文本可以用以下函数设置对齐方式：</P><TABLEBORDER="0"BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"WIDTH="100%"><TR><TD><PRECLASS="PROGRAMLISTING">void gtk_label_set_justify( GtkLabel *label, GtkJustification jtype );</PRE></TD></TR></TABLE><P><TTCLASS="LITERAL">jtype</TT> 的值可以是：</P><TABLEBORDER="0"BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"WIDTH="100%"><TR><TD><PRECLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"> GTK_JUSTIFY_LEFT 左对齐 GTK_JUSTIFY_RIGHT 右对齐 GTK_JUSTIFY_CENTER 居中对齐(默认) GTK_JUSTIFY_FILL 充满</PRE></TD></TR></TABLE><P>标签构件的文本会自动换行。用以下函数激活“自动换行”：</P><TABLEBORDER="0"BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"WIDTH="100%"><TR><TD><PRECLASS="PROGRAMLISTING">void gtk_label_set_line_wrap (GtkLabel *label, gboolean wrap);</PRE></TD></TR></TABLE><P><TTCLASS="LITERAL">wrap</TT>参数可取 TRUE 或 FALSE。</P><P>如果想要使标签加下划线，可以在标签中设置显示模式：</P><TABLEBORDER="0"BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"WIDTH="100%"><TR><TD><PRECLASS="PROGRAMLISTING">void gtk_label_set_pattern (GtkLabel *label, const gchar *pattern);</PRE></TD></TR></TABLE><P>pattern 参数指定下划线的外观。它由一串下划线和空格组成。下划线指示标签的相应字符应该加一个下划线。例如,<TTCLASS="LITERAL">"__ __"</TT> 将在标签的第1、第2个字符和第8、第9个字符加下划线。</P><DIVCLASS="NOTE"><P></P><TABLECLASS="NOTE"WIDTH="100%"BORDER="0"><TR><TDWIDTH="25"ALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"><IMGSRC="./stylesheet-images/note.gif"HSPACE="5"ALT="Note"></TD><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"><P>如果你只是想创建一个用下划线代表快捷键("mnemonic")的标签，你应该用 gtk_label_new_with_mnemonic() 或 gtk_label_set_text_with_mnemonic()，而不是用 gtk_label_set_pattern()。</P></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV><P>下面是一个说明这些函数的短示例。这个示例用框架构件(Frame widget)能更好地示范标签的风格。现在你不用理会这点,<AHREF="x1354.html">框架</A>构件以后再作介绍。</P><P>在 GTK+ 2.0 里，标签文本里能包含改变字体等文本属性的标记,并且标签能设置为可以被选择(用来复制-粘贴)。这些高级特性在这里并不介绍。</P><P><SPANCLASS="INLINEMEDIAOBJECT"><IMGSRC="images/label.png"></SPAN></P><TABLEBORDER="0"BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"WIDTH="100%"><TR><TD><PRECLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"> #include <gtk/gtk.h>int main( int argc, char *argv[] ){ static GtkWidget *window = NULL; GtkWidget *hbox; GtkWidget *vbox; GtkWidget *frame; GtkWidget *label; /* 初始化 */ gtk_init (&argc, &argv); window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL); gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "Label"); vbox = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 5); hbox = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 5); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), hbox); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (hbox), vbox, FALSE, FALSE, 0); gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 5); frame = gtk_frame_new ("Normal Label"); label = gtk_label_new ("This is a Normal label"); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), label); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, FALSE, FALSE, 0); frame = gtk_frame_new ("Multi-line Label"); label = gtk_label_new ("This is a Multi-line label.\nSecond line\n" \ "Third line"); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), label); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, FALSE, FALSE, 0); frame = gtk_frame_new ("Left Justified Label"); label = gtk_label_new ("This is a Left-Justified\n" \ "Multi-line label.\nThird line"); gtk_label_set_justify (GTK_LABEL (label), GTK_JUSTIFY_LEFT); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), label); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, FALSE, FALSE, 0); frame = gtk_frame_new ("Right Justified Label"); label = gtk_label_new ("This is a Right-Justified\nMulti-line label.\n" \ "Fourth line, (j/k)"); gtk_label_set_justify (GTK_LABEL (label), GTK_JUSTIFY_RIGHT); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), label); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, FALSE, FALSE, 0); vbox = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 5); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (hbox), vbox, FALSE, FALSE, 0); frame = gtk_frame_new ("Line wrapped label"); label = gtk_label_new ("This is an example of a line-wrapped label. It " \ "should not be taking up the entire " /* 用一段较长的空白字符来测试空白的自动排列 */\ "width allocated to it, but automatically " \ "wraps the words to fit. " \ "The time has come, for all good men, to come to " \ "the aid of their party. " \ "The sixth sheik's six sheep's sick.\n" \ " It supports multiple paragraphs correctly, " \ "and correctly adds "\ "many extra spaces. "); gtk_label_set_line_wrap (GTK_LABEL (label), TRUE); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), label); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, FALSE, FALSE, 0); frame = gtk_frame_new ("Filled, wrapped label"); label = gtk_label_new ("This is an example of a line-wrapped, filled label. " \ "It should be taking "\ "up the entire width allocated to it. " \ "Here is a sentence to prove "\ "my point. Here is another sentence. "\ "Here comes the sun, do de do de do.\n"\ " This is a new paragraph.\n"\ " This is another newer, longer, better " \ "paragraph. It is coming to an end, "\ "unfortunately."); gtk_label_set_justify (GTK_LABEL (label), GTK_JUSTIFY_FILL); gtk_label_set_line_wrap (GTK_LABEL (label), TRUE); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), label); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, FALSE, FALSE, 0); frame = gtk_frame_new ("Underlined label"); label = gtk_label_new ("This label is underlined!\n" "This one is underlined in quite a funky fashion"); gtk_label_set_justify (GTK_LABEL (label), GTK_JUSTIFY_LEFT); gtk_label_set_pattern (GTK_LABEL (label), "_________________________ _ _________ _ ______ __ _______ ___"); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), label); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, FALSE, FALSE, 0); gtk_widget_show_all (window); gtk_main (); return 0;}</PRE></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV></DIV><DIVCLASS="NAVFOOTER"><HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="100%"><TABLESUMMARY="Footer navigation table"WIDTH="100%"BORDER="0"CELLPADDING="0"CELLSPACING="0"><TR><TDWIDTH="33%"ALIGN="left"VALIGN="top"><AHREF="x806.html"ACCESSKEY="P"><<< Previous</A></TD><TDWIDTH="34%"ALIGN="center"VALIGN="top"><AHREF="book1.html"ACCESSKEY="H">Home</A></TD><TDWIDTH="33%"ALIGN="right"VALIGN="top"><AHREF="x856.html"ACCESSKEY="N">Next >>></A></TD></TR><TR><TDWIDTH="33%"ALIGN="left"VALIGN="top">示例</TD><TDWIDTH="34%"ALIGN="center"VALIGN="top"> </TD><TDWIDTH="33%"ALIGN="right"VALIGN="top">箭头 Arrows</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV></BODY></HTML>⌨️ 快捷键说明
复制代码
Ctrl + C
搜索代码
Ctrl + F
全屏模式
F11
切换主题
Ctrl + Shift + D
显示快捷键
?
增大字号
Ctrl + =
减小字号
Ctrl + -