classic_ladder.lyx

CNC 的开放码,EMC2 V2.2.8版

 section display, and section manager.
\layout Subsection

The Variables window
\layout Standard

It displays some of the variable data and variable names.
 Notice all variable start with the % sign.
\layout Standard

The three edit areas at the top allow you to select what 15 variable will
 be displayed in each column.
 For instance if there were 30 %I variable and you entered 10 at the top
 of the column, variable %I10 to %I25 would be displayed.
\layout Standard

The check boxes allow you to set and un set variables but when classicladder
 is running hal will update the pins and change them.
\layout Standard

Near the bottom are the %W variables.
 These are called word variable and represent positive and negative (signed)
 numbers and are used with compare and operate.
 By clicking on the variable, you can edit the number to display which ever
 you want.The edit box beside it is the number stored in the variable -you
 can change it- and the drop-down box beside that allow you to choose whether
 the number to be displayed is in hex, decimal or binary.
\layout Standard

The %I variable represents HAL input bit pins.
 The %Q represents the relay coil and HAL output bit pins.
 The %B represents an internal relay coil or internal contact.
\layout Standard

\layout Standard


\begin_inset Float figure
placement H
wide false
collapsed false

\layout Caption

ClassicLadder Var window
\layout Standard
\align center 

\begin_inset Graphics
	filename images/Bit_Vars.png
	scale 75

\end_inset 


\begin_inset Graphics
	filename images/Word_Vars.png

\end_inset 


\end_inset 


\layout Subsection

The Section Display window
\layout Standard

Most of the buttons are self explanitory: 
\layout Standard

The config button is not used in EMC.
 
\layout Standard

The symbols button will display an editable list of symbols for the variables
 (eg you can name the inputs, outputs, coils etc).
 
\layout Standard

The symbols window will display the HAL signal names if present for %I,
 %Q and %W variables.
\layout Standard

The quit button will only shut down the display-the ladder program will
 still run in the back ground.
 
\layout Standard

The check box at the top right allows you to select whether variable names
 or symbol names are displayed
\layout Standard


\begin_inset Float figure
placement H
wide false
collapsed false

\layout Caption

ClassicLadder Section Display window
\layout Standard
\align center 

\begin_inset Graphics
	filename section_display.png
	scale 75

\end_inset 


\end_inset 


\layout Subsection

The Section Manager window
\layout Standard

This window allows you to name, create or delete sections.
 This is also how you name a subroutine for call coils.
\layout Standard


\begin_inset Float figure
placement H
wide false
collapsed false

\layout Caption

ClassicLadder Section Manager window
\layout Standard
\align center 

\begin_inset Graphics
	filename sections_manager.png
	scale 75

\end_inset 


\end_inset 


\layout Subsection

The Editor window
\layout Standard

Starting from the top left image:
\layout Enumerate

SELECTOR ARROW, ERASER
\layout Enumerate

N.O., N.C.
 , RISING-EDGE ,FALLING-EDGE CONTACTS.
\layout Enumerate

HORIZONTAL, VERTICAL , HORIZONTAL RUNNING-CONNECTIONS
\layout Enumerate

TIMER, MONOSTABLE, COUNTER, COMPARE
\layout Enumerate

N.O.
 COIL, N.C.
 COIL, SET COIL, RESET COIL
\layout Enumerate

JUMP COIL, CALL COIL, OPERATE
\layout Standard


\begin_inset Float figure
placement H
wide false
collapsed false

\layout Caption

ClassicLadder Editor window
\layout Standard
\align center 

\begin_inset Graphics
	filename editor.png
	scale 75

\end_inset 


\end_inset 


\layout Standard

A short description of each of the buttons:
\layout Itemize

The SELECTOR ARROW button allows you to select existing objects and modify
 the information.
\layout Itemize

The ERASER erases an object.
\layout Itemize

The N.O.
 CONTACT is a normally open contact.
 It can be an extenal HAL-pin (%I) input contact, an internal-bit coil (%B)
 contact or a external coil (%Q) contact.
 The Hal-pin input contact is closed when the HAL-pin is true.
 The coil contacts are closed when the coresponding coil is active (%Q2
 contact closes when %Q2 coil is active).
\layout Itemize

The N.C.
 CONTACT is a normally closed contact.
 It is the same as the n.o.
 contact except that the contact is open when the hal-pin is true or the
 coil is active.
\layout Itemize

The RISING-EDGE CONTACT is a contact that is closed when the HAL-pin goes
 from False to true, or the coil from not-active to active.
\layout Itemize

The FALLING-EDGE CONTACT is a contact that is closed when the HAL-pin goes
 from true to false or the coil from active to not.
\layout Itemize

The HORIZONTAL CONNECTION connects the 'signal' to objects horizontally.
 
\layout Itemize

The VERTICAL CONNECTION connects the 'signal' to objects vertically.
 
\layout Itemize

The HORIZONTAL-RUNNING CONNECTION is a quick way to connect a long run of
 'signal wire' horizontally.
\layout Itemize

The TIMER is a Timer Module.
 
\layout Itemize

The MONOSTABLE is monostable module (one-shot) 
\layout Itemize

The COUNTER is a counter module.
 
\layout Itemize

The COMPARE button allows you to compare variable to values or other variables.
 (eg %W1<=5 or %W1=%W2)
\newline 
The variable you can use are: W-words,T-timers,M-monostables,C-counters,X-sequen
tial and their attributes D-done, E-empty, F-full, P-preset, R-running,
 and V-value (not all atributes are available to all variables) eg %T2.D.
\newline 
The math symbols are +,-,*,/,=,<,>,<=,>=,(,),^ (exponent),% (modulas),&
 (and),| (or),! (not).
 
\newline 
Math function are ABS (absolute), MOY (average).
 eg ABS(%W2)=1, MOY(%W1,%W2)<3 .
\newline 
Compare cannot be placed in the right most side of the section display.
 
\layout Itemize

The OPERATE button allows you to assign values to variables.
 (eg %W2=7 or %W1=%W2) there are two math funtions MINI and MAXI that check
 a variable for maximum (0x80000000) and minimum values (0x05FFFFFFF) (think
 signed values) and keeps them from going beyond.
 
\newline 
You may use all the math symbols and functions from above.
 OPERATE funtions can only be placed at the right most side of the section
 display.
\layout Section

ClassicLadder Variables
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{ClassicLadder Variables}

\end_inset 


\layout Standard

List of known variables :
\layout Description

Bxxx : Bit memory xxx (boolean)
\layout Description

Wxxx : Word memory xxx (32 bits integer) w32in and w32out also use the word
 memory.
 See the s32
\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sec:w32-Pins}

\end_inset 

 section for details.
\layout Description

Txx,R : Timer xx running (boolean, user read only)
\layout Description

Txx,D : Timer xx done (boolean, user read only)
\layout Description

Txx,V : Timer xx current value (integer, user read only)
\layout Description

Txx,P : Timer xx preset (integer)
\layout Description

Mxx,R : Monostable xx running (boolean)
\layout Description

Mxx,V : Monostable xx current value (integer, user read only)
\layout Description

Mxx,P : Monostable xx preset (integer)
\layout Description

Cxx,D : Counter xx done (boolean, user read only)
\layout Description

Cxx,E : Counter xx empty overflow (boolean, user read only)
\layout Description

Cxx,F : Counter xx full overflow (boolean, user read only)
\layout Description

Cxx,V : Counter xx current value (integer, user read only)
\layout Description

Cxx,P : Counter xx preset (integer)
\layout Description

Ixxx : Physical input xxx (boolean) - HAL input bit -
\layout Description

Qxxx : Physical output xxx (boolean) - HAL output bit -
\layout Description

Xxxx : Activity of step xxx (sequential language)
\layout Description

Xxxx,V : Time of activity in seconds of step xxx (sequential language)
\layout Section

Using JUMP COILs
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{JUMP COILs}

\end_inset 


\layout Standard

JUMP COILs are used to 'JUMP' to another section-like a goto in BASIC programmin
g language.
\layout Standard

If you look at the top left of the sections display window you will see
 a small lable box and a longer comment box beside it.
 Now go to Editor->Modify then go back to the little box, type in a name.
\layout Standard

Go ahead and add a comment in the comment section.
 This lable name is the name of this rung only and is used by the JUMP COIL
 to identify where to go.
\layout Standard

When placing a JUMP COIL add it in the right most position and change the
 lable to the rung you want to JUMP to.
\layout Standard

JUMP COILs should be placed as the last coil of a rung because of a bug.
 If there are coils after the JUMP COIL (in the same rung) they will be
 updated even if the JUMP COIL is true.
\begin_inset Foot
collapsed false

\layout Standard

If the JUMP COIL is true it should JUMP to the new rung right away and not
 update the rest of the coils of the current rung
\end_inset 


\layout Section

Using CALL COILs
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{CALL COILs}

\end_inset 


\layout Standard

CALL COILs are used to go to a subroutine section then return-like a gosub
 in BASIC programming language.
\layout Standard

If you go to the sections manager window hit the add section button.
 You can name this section, select what language it will use (ladder or
 sequential), and select what type (main or subroutine).
\layout Standard

Select a subroutine number (SR0 for exampe).
 An empty section will be displayed and you can build your subroutine.
\layout Standard

When your done that, go back to the section manager and click on the your
 'main' section (default name prog1).
\layout Standard

Now you can add a CALL COIL to your program.
 CALL COILs are to be placed at the right most position in the rung.
\layout Standard

Remember to change the lable to the subroutine number you choose before.
 
\layout Standard

There can only be one CALL COIL per rung-the rest wil not be called.
\layout Section

w32 Pins
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{w32 Pins}

\end_inset 


\begin_inset LatexCommand \label{sec:w32-Pins}

\end_inset 


\layout Standard

As of EMC 2.2.0 The realtime module can export HAL s32 unsigned integer in/out
 pins.
\layout Standard

You must specify how many s32 in/out pins you want when loading the realtime
 module (default is 0 of each).
\layout Standard

For example to load 5 s32in and 5 s32out pins:
\layout Quote

loadrt classicladder_rt numS32in=5 numS32out=5
\layout Standard

This loads the realtime module with the default number of each ladder objects
 except for it also specifies 5 s32 in pins and 5 s32 out pins.
\layout Standard

Values of this type can range from -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647.
 They would correspond to some of the %W variables.
 For instance if you requested 5 s32in pins and 5 s32out pins %W0-%W4 would
 correspond to HAL pin name classicladder.0.s32in.00 -04 %W5-%W9 would be HAL
 pin name classicladder.0.s32out-00 -04 and %W10-99 would be regular (memory)
 variables.
\layout Standard

If you request only s32out pins they would start at %W0 and regular words
 would start after them.
 so it maps %W variables like this.
 Number of s32in pins first (if any), then number of s32out pins second
 (if any) then regular memory variables.
\layout Standard

For example if you add 2 s32in pins and 3 s32out pins the word relationship
 would be as shown in the following table.
\layout Standard


\begin_inset Float table
placement H
wide false
collapsed false

\layout Caption

Using w32's
\layout Standard
\align center 

\begin_inset  Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="7" columns="2">
<features>
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" width="0">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" width="0">
<row topline="true" bottomline="true">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

Word
\end_inset 
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

Hal Pin
\end_inset 
</cell>
</row>
<row topline="true">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

%W0
\end_inset 
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

classicladder.0.s32in.00
\end_inset 
</cell>
</row>
<row topline="true">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

%W1
\end_inset 
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

classicladder.0.s32in.01
\end_inset 
</cell>
</row>
<row topline="true">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

%W2
\end_inset 
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

classicladder.0.s32out.00
\end_inset 
</cell>
</row>
<row topline="true">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

%W3
\end_inset 
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

classicladder.0.s32out.01
\end_inset 
</cell>
</row>
<row topline="true">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

%W4
\end_inset 
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

classicladder.0.s32out.02
\end_inset 
</cell>
</row>
<row topline="true" bottomline="true">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

%W5
\end_inset 
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

start of regular words
\end_inset 
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset 


\end_inset 


\the_end