machining_center.lyx

CNC 的开放码,EMC2 V2.2.8版

 
\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sub:Feed-Rate}

\end_inset 

.
\layout Subsection

Current Position
\layout Standard

The controlled point is always at some location called the 
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset 

current position,
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset 

 and the controller always knows where that is.
 The numbers representing the current position must be adjusted in the absence
 of any axis motion if any of several events take place:
\layout Enumerate

Length units are changed.
\layout Enumerate

Tool length offset is changed.
\layout Enumerate

Coordinate system offsets are changed.
 
\layout Subsection

Selected Plane
\begin_inset LatexCommand \label{sub:Selected-Plane}

\end_inset 


\layout Standard

There is always a 
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset 

selected plane
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset 

, which must be the XY-plane, the YZ-plane, or the XZ-plane of the machining
 center.
 The Z-axis is, of course, perpendicular to the XY-plane, the X-axis to
 the YZ-plane, and the Y-axis to the XZ-plane.
 
\layout Subsection

Tool Carousel
\layout Standard

Zero or one tool is assigned to each slot in the tool carousel.
\layout Subsection

Tool Change
\layout Standard

A machining center may be commanded to change tools.
\layout Subsection

Pallet Shuttle
\layout Standard

The two pallets may be exchanged by command.
\layout Subsection

Feed and Speed Override Switches
\layout Standard

The feed and speed override switches may be enabled (so they work as expected)
 or disabled (so they have no effect on the feed rate or spindle speed).
 The RS274/NGC language has one command that enables both switches and one
 command that disables both (see Section 
\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sub:M48,-M49:-Override}

\end_inset 

).
 See Section 
\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sub:Feed-Interaction}

\end_inset 

 for further details.
 
\layout Subsection

Path Control Mode
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{path control mode}

\end_inset 


\begin_inset LatexCommand \label{sub:Path-Control-Mode}

\end_inset 


\layout Standard

The machining center may be put into any one of three path control modes:
 (1) exact stop mode, (2) exact path mode, or (3) continuous mode with optional
 tolerance.
 In exact stop mode, the machine stops briefly at the end of each programmed
 move.
 In exact path mode, the machine follows the programmed path as exactly
 as possible, slowing or stopping if necessary at sharp corners of the path.
 In continuous mode, sharp corners of the path may be rounded slightly so
 that the feed rate may be kept up (but by no more than the tolerance, if
 specified).
 See Section 
\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sub:G61,-G61.1,-G64:}

\end_inset 

.
\layout Section

Interpreter Interaction with Switches
\layout Standard

The Interpreter interacts with several switches.
 This section describes the interactions in more detail.
 In no case does the Interpreter know what the setting of any of these switches
 is.
 
\layout Subsection

Feed and Speed Override Switches
\begin_inset LatexCommand \label{sub:Feed-Interaction}

\end_inset 


\layout Standard

The Interpreter will interpret RS274/NGC commands which enable (
\family typewriter 
M48
\family default 
) or disable (
\family typewriter 
M49
\family default 
) the feed and speed override switches.
 For certain moves, such as the traverse out of the end of a thread during
 a threading cycle, the switches are disabled automatically.
\layout Standard

EMC2 reacts to the speed and feed override settings when these switches
 are enabled.
\layout Subsection

Block Delete
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{block delete}

\end_inset 

 Switch
\begin_inset LatexCommand \label{sub:Block-Delete-Switch-Interaction}

\end_inset 


\layout Standard

If the block delete switch is on, lines of RS274/NGC code which start with
 a slash (the block delete character) are not interpreted.
 If the switch is off, such lines are interpreted.
 Normally the block delete switch should be set before starting the NGC
 program.
\layout Subsection

Optional Program Stop
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{optional program stop}

\end_inset 

 Switch
\begin_inset LatexCommand \label{sub:Optional-Program-Stop-Interaction}

\end_inset 


\layout Standard

If this switch is on and an M1 code is encountered, program execution is
 paused.
\layout Section

Tool File
\begin_inset LatexCommand \label{sub:Tool-File}

\end_inset 


\layout Standard

A tool file is required to use the Interpreter.
 The file tells which tools are in which carousel slots and what the length
 and diameter of each tool are.
\layout Standard

The file consists of any number of header lines, followed by one blank line,
 followed by any number of lines of data.
 The header lines are ignored by the interpreter.
 It is important that there be exactly one blank line (with no spaces or
 tabs, even) before the data.
 The header line shown in Table 
\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{cap:Sample-Tool-File}

\end_inset 

 describes the data columns, so it is suggested (but not required) that
 such a line always be included in the header.
\layout Standard

Each data line of the file contains the data for one tool.
 The line may contain 4 or 5 elements (
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset 

mill format
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset 

) or 8 or 9 elements (
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset 

lathe format
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset 

).
\layout Standard

The units used for the length and diameter are in machine units.
\layout Standard

The lines do not have to be in any particular order.
 Switching the order of lines has no effect unless the same slot number
 is used on two or more lines, which should not normally be done, in which
 case the data for only the last such line will be used.
 
\layout Standard

In EMC2, the location of the tool file is specified in the ini file.
 See the Integrator Manual for more details.
\layout Standard

A tool file may have a mixture of 
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset 

mill format
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset 

 and 
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset 

lathe format
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset 

 lines, though usually the 
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset 

lathe format
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset 

 lines are only required for lathe-type tooling.
\layout Subsection

Mill Format Tool Files
\layout Standard

The 
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset 

mill format
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset 

 of a tool file is shown in Table 
\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{cap:Sample-Tool-File}

\end_inset 

.
\layout Standard


\begin_inset Float table
placement H
wide false
collapsed false

\layout Caption

Sample Tool File (mill format)
\begin_inset LatexCommand \label{cap:Sample-Tool-File}

\end_inset 


\layout Standard
\align center 

\begin_inset  Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="6" columns="5">
<features>
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" width="0">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" width="0">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" width="0">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" width="0">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" width="0">
<row topline="true">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

Pocket
\end_inset 
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

FMS
\end_inset 
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

TLO
\end_inset 
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

Diameter
\end_inset 
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

Comment
\end_inset 
</cell>
</row>
<row topline="true">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

\end_inset 
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

\end_inset 
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

\end_inset 
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

\end_inset 
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

\end_inset 
</cell>
</row>
<row topline="true">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

1
\end_inset 
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

1
\end_inset 
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

2.0
\end_inset 
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

1.0
\end_inset 
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

\end_inset 
</cell>
</row>
<row topline="true">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

2
\end_inset 
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

2
\end_inset 
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

1.0
\end_inset 
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

0.2
\end_inset 
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

\end_inset 
</cell>
</row>
<row topline="true">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

5
\end_inset 
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

5
\end_inset 
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

1.5
\end_inset 
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

0.25
\end_inset 
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

endmill
\end_inset 
</cell>
</row>
<row topline="true" bottomline="true">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

10
\end_inset 
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

10
\end_inset 
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

2.4
\end_inset 
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

-0.3
\end_inset 
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\layout Standard

for testing
\end_inset 
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset 


\end_inset 


\layout Standard

Each line has five entries.
 The first four entries are required.