mini.lyx

CNC 的开放码,EMC2 V2.2.8版

 around the X axis to highlight its position display.
 This groove says that X is the active axis.
 It will be the target for jog moves made with the
\emph on 
 plus
\emph default 
 and 
\emph on 
minus
\emph default 
 jog buttons.
 You can change axis focus by clicking on any other axis display.
 You can also change axis focus in manual mode if you press its name key
 on your keyboard.
 Case is not important here.
 [Y] or [y] will shift the focus to the Y axis.
 [A] or [a] will shift the focus to the A axis.
 To help you remember which axis will jog when you press the jog buttons,
 the active axis name is displayed on them.
 
\layout Quotation

The EMC can jog (move a particular axis) as long as you hold the button
 down when it is set for 
\emph on 
continuous
\emph default 
, or it can jog for a preset distance when it is set for 
\emph on 
incremental
\emph default 
.
 You can also jog the active axis by pressing the plus [+] or minus [-]
 keys on the keyboard.
 Again, case is not important for keyboard jogs.
 The two small buttons between the large jog buttons let you set which kind
 of jog you want.
 When you are in incremental mode, the distance buttons come alive.
 You can set a distance by pressing it with the mouse.
 You can toggle between distances by pressing [i] or [I] on the keyboard.
 Incremental jog has an interesting and often unexpected effect.
 If you press the jog button while a jog is in progress, it will add the
 distance to the position it was at when the second jog command was issued.
 Two one-inch jog presses in close succession will not get you two inches
 of movement.
 You have to wait until the first one is complete before jogging again.
 
\layout Quotation

Jog speed is displayed above the slider.
 It can be set using the slider by clicking in the slider's open slot on
 the side you want it to move toward, or by clicking on the [Default] or
 [Rapid] buttons.
 This setting only affects the jog move while in manual mode.
 Once a jog move is initiated, jog speed has no effect on the jog.
 As an example of this, say you set jog mode to 
\emph on 
incremental
\emph default 
 and the increment to 1 inch.
 Once you press the [Jog] button it will travel that inch at the rate at
 which it started.
 
\layout Subsection

AUTO
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Auto}

\end_inset 


\layout Standard

When the Auto button is pressed, or <F4> on the keyboard, the EMC is changed
 into that mode, a set of the traditional auto operation buttons is displayed,
 and a small text window opens to show a part program.
 During run the active line will be displayed as white lettering on a red
 background.
 
\layout Standard

In the auto mode, many of the keyboard keys are bound to controls.
 For example the numbers above the querty keys are bound to feed rate override.
 The 0 sets 100%, 9 sets 90% and such.
 Other keys work much the same as they do with the tkemc graphical interface.
 
\layout Standard


\begin_inset Float figure
wide false
collapsed false

\layout Caption

Auto Mode
\layout Standard
\align center 

\begin_inset Graphics
	filename miniauto.png

\end_inset 


\end_inset 


\layout Standard

Auto mode does not normally display the active or modal codes.
 If the operator wishes to check these, use menu Info -> Active_G-Codes.
 This will write all modal codes onto the message scratch pad.
 
\layout Standard

If abort or estop is pressed during a run a set of buttons displays to the
 right of the text that allows the operator to shift the restart line forward
 or backwards.
 If the restart line is not the last active line, it will be highlighted
 as white letters on a blue background.
 Caution, a very slow feed rate, and a finger poised over the pause button
 is advised during any program restart.
\layout Quotation

The real heart of CNC machine tool work is the auto mode.
 Sherline's auto mode displays the typical functions that people have come
 to expect from the EMC.
 Along the top are a set of buttons which control what is happening in auto
 mode.
 Below them is the window that shows the part of the program currently being
 executed.
 As the program runs, the active line shows in white letters on a red background.
 The first three buttons, [Open], [Run], and [Pause] do about what you'd
 expect.
 [Pause] will stop the run right where it is.
 The next button, [Resume], will restart motion.
 They are like feedhold if used this way.
 Once [Pause] is pressed and motion has stopped, [Step] will resume motion
 and continue it to the end of the current block.
 Press [Step] again to get the motion of the next block.
 Press [Resume] and the interpreter goes back to reading ahead and running
 the program.
 The combination of [Pause] and [Step] work a lot like single block mode
 on many controllers.
 The difference is that [Pause] does not let motion continue to the end
 of the current block.
 Feed rate Override ...
 can be very handy as you approach a first cut.
 Move in quickly at 100 percent, throttle back to 10% and toggle between
 [Feedhold] and 10% using the pause button.
 When you are satisfied that you've got it right, hit the zero to the right
 of nine and go.
 
\layout Quotation

The [Verify] button runs the interpreter through the code without initiating
 any motion.
 If Verify finds a problem it will stop the read near the problem block
 and put up some sort of message.
 Most of the time you will be able to figure out the problem with your program
 by reading the message and looking in the program window at the highlighted
 line.
 Some of the messages are not very helpful.
 Sometimes you will need to read a line or two ahead of the highlight to
 see the problem.
 Occasionally the message will refer to something well ahead of the highlight
 line.
 This often happens if you forget to end your program with an acceptable
 code like %, m2, m30, or m60.
 
\layout Subsection

MDI
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{MDI}

\end_inset 


\layout Standard

The MDI button or <F5> sets the Manual Data Input mode.
 This mode displays a single line of text for block entry and shows the
 currently active modal codes for the interpreter.
\layout Quotation

MDI mode allows you to enter single blocks and have the interpreter execute
 them as if they were part of a program (kind of like a one-line program).
 You can execute circles, arcs, lines and such.
 You can even test sets of program lines by entering one block, waiting
 for that motion to end, and then enter the next block.
 Below the entry window, there is a listing of all of the current modal
 codes.
 This listing can be very handy.
 I often forget to enter a g00 before I command a motion.
 If nothing happens I look down there to see if g80 is in effect.
 G80 stops any motion.
 If it's there I remember to issue a block like g00 x0 y0 z0.
 In MDI you are entering text from the keyboard so none of the main keys
 work for commands to the running machine.
 [F1] will Estop the control.
 
\layout Standard

Since many of the keyboard keys are needed for entry, most of the bindings
 that were available in auto mode are not available here.
\layout Subsection

[FEEDHOLD] -- [CONTINUE]
\layout Standard

Feedhold is a toggle.
 When the EMC is ready to handle or is handling a motion command this button
 shows the feedhold label on a red backgrouund.
 If feedhold has been pressed then it will show the continue label.
 Using it to pause motion has the advantage of being able to restart the
 program from where you stopped it.
 Feedhold will toggle between zero speed and whatever feed rate override
 was active before it was pressed.
 This button and the function that it activates is also bound to the pause
 button on most keyboards.
\layout Subsection

[ABORT]
\layout Standard

The abort button stops any motion when it is pressed.
 It also removes the motion command from the EMC.
 No further motions are cued up after this button is pressed.
 If you are in auto mode, this button removes the rest of the program from
 the motion cue.
 It also records the number of the line that was executing when it was pressed.
 You can use this line number to restart the program after you have cleared
 up the reasons for pressing it.
\layout Subsection

[ESTOP
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{ESTOP}

\end_inset 

]
\layout Standard

The estop button is also a toggle but it works in three possible settings.
 
\layout Itemize

When Mini starts up it will show a raised button with red background with
 black letters that say 
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset 

ESTOP PUSH.
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset 

 This is the correct state of the machine when you want to run a program
 or jog an axis.
 Estop is ready to work for you when it looks like this.
\layout Itemize

If you push the estop button while a motion is being executed, you will
 see a recessed gray button that says 
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset 

ESTOPPED.
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset 

 You will not be able to move an axis or do any work from the Mini gui when
 the estop button displays this way.
 Pressing it with your mouse will return Mini to normal ready condition.
\layout Itemize

A third view is possible here.
 A recessed green button means that estop has been take off but the machine
 has not been turned on.
 Normally this only happens when <F1> estop has been pressed but <F2> has
 not been pressed.
\layout Standard

Joe Martin says, 
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset 

When all else fails press a software [ESTOP].
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset 

 This does everything that abort does but adds in a reset so that the EMC
 returns to the standard settings that it wakes up on.
 If you have an external estop circuit that watches the relevant parallel
 port or DIO pin, a software estop can turn off power to the motors.
\layout Quotation

Most of the time, when we abort or E-Stop it's because something went wrong.
 Perhaps we broke a tool and want to change it.
 We switch to manual mode and raise the spindle, change tools, and assuming
 that we got the length the same, get ready to go on.
 If we return the tool to the same place where the abort was issued, the
 EMC will work perfectly.
 It is possible to move the restart line back or ahead of where the abort
 happened.
 If you press the [Back] or [Ahead] buttons you will see a blue highlight
 that shows the relationship between the abort line and the one on which
 the EMC will start up again.
 By thinking through what is happening at the time of the restart you can
 place the tool tip where it will resume work in an acceptable manner.
 You will need to think through things like tool offsets barriers to motion
 along a diagonal line and such before you press the [Restart] button.
 
\layout Section

Left Column
\layout Standard

There are two columns below the control line.
 The left side of the screen displays information of interest to the operator.
 There are very few buttons to press here.
\layout Subsection

Axis Position Displays
\layout Standard

The axis position displays work exactly like they do with tkemc.
 The color of the letters is important.
\layout Itemize

Red indicates that the machine is sitting on a limit switch or the polarity
 of a min or max limit is set wrong in the ini file.
\layout Itemize

Yellow indicates that the machine is ready to be homed.
\layout Itemize

Green indicates that the machine has been homed.
\layout Standard

The position can be changed to display any one of several values by using
 the menu settings.
 The startup or default settings can be changed in the ini file so these
 displays wake up just the way that you want them.
\layout Subsection

Feed rate Override
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{feed override}

\end_inset 


\layout Standard

Immediately below the axis position displays is the feed rate override slider.
 You can operate feed rate override and feedhold in any mode of operation.
 Override will change the speed of jogs or feed rate in manual or MDI modes.
 You can adjust feed rate override by grabbing the slider with your mouse
 and dragging it along the groove.
 You can also change feed rate a percent at a time by clicking in the slider's
 groove.
 In auto mode you can also set feed override in 10% increments by pressing
 the top row of numbers.
 This slider is a handy visual reference to how much override is being applied
 to programmed feed rate.
\layout Subsection

Messages 
\layout Standard

The message display located under the axis positions is a sort of scratch
 pad for the EMC.
 If there are problems it will report them there.
 If you try to home or move an axis when the [ESTOP] button is pressed,
 you'll get a message that says something about commanding motion when the
 EMC is not ready.
 If an axis faults out for something like falling behind, the message pad
 will show what happened.
 If you want to remind an operator to change a tool, for example, you can
 add a line of code to your program that will display in the message box.
 An example might be (msg, change to tool #3 and press resume).
 This line of code, included in a program, will display 
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset 

change to tool #3 and press resume
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset 

 in the message box.
 The word msg, (with comma included) is the command to make this happen;
 without 
\emph on