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<p style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="position: absolute; left: 4; top: -8"><font size="2"><img border="0" src="1.gif" width="63" height="70"></font></span></p>
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<span style="background-color: #CCFF99">第 5 章 </span>><span style="background-color: #CCFF99"> 第
2 节 </span>><span style="background-color: #CCFF99">
5.2 运算符重载</span></font></p>
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<p style="line-height: 100%; text-indent: 0; margin: 0" class="右标题" align="left"><font FACE="??ì?,SimSun" LANG="ZH-CN" size="2">运算符重载的函数一般地采用如下两种形式：成员函数形式和友元函数形式。这两种形式都可访问类中的私有成员。</font></p>
<p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 200%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font FACE="oúì?,SimHei" LANG="ZH-CN" size="2">1.
运算符重载的几个问题</font></p>
<p ALIGN="JUSTIFY" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="oúì?,SimHei" lang="ZH-CN" size="2">（1）运算符重载的作用</font></p>
<font SIZE="3">
<p ALIGN="JUSTIFY" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"></font><font size="2"><font FACE="??ì?,SimSun" LANG="ZH-CN">运算符重载允许</font>C/C++<font FACE="??ì?,SimSun" LANG="ZH-CN">的运算符在用户自定义类型（类）上拥有一个用户定义的含义。</font></font></p>
<blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p ALIGN="JUSTIFY" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">class
Fred</font></p>
<p ALIGN="JUSTIFY" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">{</font></p>
<blockquote>
<p ALIGN="JUSTIFY" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">…</font></p>
</blockquote>
<p ALIGN="JUSTIFY" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">};</font></p>
<p ALIGN="JUSTIFY" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">#if
0</font></p>
<p ALIGN="JUSTIFY" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2" color="#FF6600">//
<font FACE="??ì?,SimSun" LANG="ZH-CN">没有运算符重载：</font></font></p>
<p ALIGN="JUSTIFY" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">Fred
add(Fred, Fred);</font></p>
<p ALIGN="JUSTIFY" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">Fred
mul(Fred, Fred);</font></p>
<p ALIGN="JUSTIFY" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">Fred
f(Fred a, Fred b, Fred c)</font></p>
<p ALIGN="JUSTIFY" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">{</font></p>
<blockquote>
<p ALIGN="JUSTIFY" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2" color="#008000">return
add(add(mul(a,b), mul(b,c)), mul(c,a));</font></p>
</blockquote>
<p ALIGN="JUSTIFY" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">}</font></p>
<p ALIGN="JUSTIFY" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">#else</font></p>
<p ALIGN="JUSTIFY" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2" color="#FF6600">//
<font FACE="??ì?,SimSun" LANG="ZH-CN">有运算符重载：</font></font></p>
<p ALIGN="JUSTIFY" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">Fred
operator+ (Fred, Fred);</font></p>
<p ALIGN="JUSTIFY" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">Fred
operator* (Fred, Fred);</font></p>
<p ALIGN="JUSTIFY" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">Fred
f(Fred a, Fred b, Fred c)</font></p>
<p ALIGN="JUSTIFY" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">{</font></p>
<blockquote>
<p ALIGN="JUSTIFY" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2" color="#008000">return
a*b + b*c + c*a;</font></p>
</blockquote>
<p ALIGN="JUSTIFY" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">}</font></p>
<p ALIGN="JUSTIFY" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">#endif</font></p>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<p ALIGN="JUSTIFY" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font FACE="oúì?,SimHei" LANG="ZH-CN" size="2">（2）
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