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📄 example4-4.htm

📁 Visual C++面向对象程序设计教程（配套习题资源）
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<title>例4-4</title>
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<blockquote>
  <blockquote>
    <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">#include 
    &lt;iostream.h&gt;</font></p>
    <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">class 
    B1</font></p>
    <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">{</font></p>
    <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">public:</font></p>
    <blockquote>
      <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">B1(int 
      i)</font></p>
      <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">{ 
      b1 = i; cout&lt;&lt;&quot;<font FACE="??ì?,SimSun" LANG="ZH-CN">构造函数</font> 
      B1.&quot;&lt;&lt;i&lt;&lt;endl; }</font></p>
      <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">void 
      print( ) { cout&lt;&lt;b1&lt;&lt;endl; }</font></p>
    </blockquote>
    <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">private:</font></p>
    <blockquote>
      <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">int 
      b1;</font></p>
    </blockquote>
    <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">};</font></p>
    <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">class 
    B2</font></p>
    <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">{</font></p>
    <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">public:</font></p>
    <blockquote>
      <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">B2(int 
      i)</font></p>
      <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">{ 
      b2 = i; cout&lt;&lt;&quot;<font FACE="??ì?,SimSun" LANG="ZH-CN">构造函数</font> 
      B2.&quot;&lt;&lt;i&lt;&lt;endl; }</font></p>
      <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">void 
      print( ) { cout&lt;&lt;b2&lt;&lt;endl; }</font></p>
    </blockquote>
    <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">private:</font></p>
    <blockquote>
      <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">int 
      b2;</font></p>
    </blockquote>
    <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">};</font></p>
    <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">class 
    B3</font></p>
    <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">{</font></p>
    <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">public:</font></p>
    <blockquote>
      <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">B3(int 
      i)</font></p>
      <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">{ 
      b3 = i; cout&lt;&lt;&quot;<font FACE="??ì?,SimSun" LANG="ZH-CN">构造函数</font> 
      B3.&quot;&lt;&lt;i&lt;&lt;endl; }</font></p>
      <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">int 
      getb3( ) { return b3; }</font></p>
    </blockquote>
    <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">private:</font></p>
    <blockquote>
      <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">int 
      b3;</font></p>
    </blockquote>
    <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">};</font></p>
    <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">class 
    A : public B2, public B1</font></p>
    <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">{</font></p>
    <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">public:</font></p>
    <blockquote>
      <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">A(int 
      i, int j, int k, int l):B1(i), B2(j), bb(k)</font></p>
      <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">{</font></p>
      <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">a 
      = l;</font></p>
      <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">cout&lt;&lt;&quot;<font FACE="??ì?,SimSun" LANG="ZH-CN">构造函数</font> 
      A.&quot;&lt;&lt;l&lt;&lt;endl;</font></p>
      <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">}</font></p>
    </blockquote>
    <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">void 
    print( )</font></p>
    <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">{</font></p>
    <blockquote>
      <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">B1::print( 
      );</font></p>
      <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">B2::print( 
      );</font></p>
      <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">cout&lt;&lt;a&lt;&lt;&quot;,&quot;&lt;&lt;bb.getb3( 
      )&lt;&lt;endl;</font></p>
    </blockquote>
    <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">}</font></p>
    <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">private:</font></p>
    <blockquote>
      <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">int 
      a;</font></p>
      <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">B3 
      bb;</font></p>
    </blockquote>
    <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">};</font></p>
    <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">void 
    main( )</font></p>
    <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">{</font></p>
    <blockquote>
      <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">A 
      aa(1, 2, 3, 4);</font></p>
      <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">aa.print( 
      );</font></p>
    </blockquote>
    <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">}</font></p>
  </blockquote>
</blockquote>
<font SIZE="3">
<p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"></font><font FACE="??ì?,SimSun" LANG="ZH-CN" size="2">该程序输出结果是：</font></p>
<blockquote>
  <blockquote>
    <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2"><font FACE="??ì?,SimSun" LANG="ZH-CN">构造函数</font> 
    B2.2</font></p>
    <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2"><font FACE="??ì?,SimSun" LANG="ZH-CN">构造函数</font> 
    B1.1</font></p>
    <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2"><font FACE="??ì?,SimSun" LANG="ZH-CN">构造函数</font> 
    B3.3</font></p>
    <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2"><font FACE="??ì?,SimSun" LANG="ZH-CN">构造函数</font> 
    A.4</font></p>
    <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">1</font></p>
    <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">2</font></p>
    <p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="2">4, 
    3</font></p>
  </blockquote>
</blockquote>
<font SIZE="3">
<p ALIGN="justify" style="line-height: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"></font><font size="2"><font color="#FF6600"><font FACE="??ì?,SimSun" LANG="ZH-CN">在该程序中，作用域运算符“</font>::</font><font FACE="??ì?,SimSun" LANG="ZH-CN"><font color="#FF6600">”用于解决作用域冲突的问题。</font>在派生类</font>A<font FACE="??ì?,SimSun" LANG="ZH-CN">中的</font>print( 
)<font FACE="??ì?,SimSun" LANG="ZH-CN">函数的定义中，使用了</font>B1::print( 
);<font FACE="??ì?,SimSun" LANG="ZH-CN">和</font>B2::print( );<font FACE="??ì?,SimSun" LANG="ZH-CN">语句分别指明调用哪一个类中的</font>print( 
)<font FACE="??ì?,SimSun" LANG="ZH-CN">函数，这种用法应该学会。</font></font></p>

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