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📁 tcpip 协议学习电子书籍 第一次上传东西
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<BR>

</FONT>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>

<P>Cease

<BR>

</FONT>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>

<P>3

<BR>

</FONT>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>

<P>Insufficient Resources

<BR>

</FONT>

<TR>

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</TD>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080><BR></FONT>

</TD>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>

<P>4

<BR>

</FONT>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>

<P>Cease-Ack

<BR>

</FONT>

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<P>4

<BR>

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<P>Prohibited

<BR>

</FONT>

<TR>

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</TD>

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</TD>

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</TD>

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</TD>

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<P>5

<BR>

</FONT>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>

<P>Shutting Down

<BR>

</FONT>

<TR>

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</TD>

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</TD>

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</TD>

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</TD>

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<P>6

<BR>

</FONT>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>

<P>Parameter Problem

<BR>

</FONT>

<TR>

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</TD>

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</TD>

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</TD>

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</TD>

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<P>7

<BR>

</FONT>

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<P>Protocol Violation

<BR>

</FONT>

<TR>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>

<P>5

<BR>

</FONT>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>

<P>Neighbor Reachability

<BR>

</FONT>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>

<P>0

<BR>

</FONT>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>

<P>Hello

<BR>

</FONT>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>

<P>0

<BR>

</FONT>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>

<P>Indeterminate

<BR>

</FONT>

<TR>

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</TD>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080><BR></FONT>

</TD>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>

<P>1

<BR>

</FONT>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>

<P>I Heard You

<BR>

</FONT>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>

<P>1

<BR>

</FONT>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>

<P>Up

<BR>

</FONT>

<TR>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080><BR></FONT>

</TD>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080><BR></FONT>

</TD>

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</TD>

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</TD>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>

<P>2

<BR>

</FONT>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>

<P>Down

<BR>

</FONT>

<TR>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>

<P>8

<BR>

</FONT>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>

<P>Error

<BR>

</FONT>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>

<P>0

<BR>

</FONT>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080><BR></FONT>

</TD>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>

<P>0

<BR>

</FONT>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>

<P>Indeterminate

<BR>

</FONT>

<TR>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080><BR></FONT>

</TD>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080><BR></FONT>

</TD>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080><BR></FONT>

</TD>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080><BR></FONT>

</TD>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>

<P>1

<BR>

</FONT>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>

<P>Up

<BR>

</FONT>

<TR>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080><BR></FONT>

</TD>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080><BR></FONT>

</TD>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080><BR></FONT>

</TD>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080><BR></FONT>

</TD>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>

<P>2

<BR>

</FONT>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>

<P>Down

<BR>

</FONT>

<TR>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080><BR></FONT>

</TD>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080><BR></FONT>

</TD>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080><BR></FONT>

</TD>

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</TD>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>

<P>128

<BR>

</FONT>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>

<P>Unsolicited</FONT>

</TABLE></CENTER><BR>

<P>The Status field can indicate whether a gateway is<A ID="I3" NAME="I3"></A> up or down. In the down state, the gateway does not perform any routing. The Neighbor Acquisition status indicator can show whether the machine is active or passive. When passive, the gateway does not generate any Hello commands, but it responds to them. At least one neighbor has to be in the active state to issue the Hellos.

<BR>

<P>When a list of networks and their distances must be added to an EGP header, it is done in the format shown in Figure 5.8. The number of distances in the list is specified, followed by entries with the same format giving the distance (number of hops) to the gateway, the number of networks that can be reached through that gateway, and the network addresses. The number of internal and external gateways in the EGP header tells the gateway how many entries are in the list.

<BR>

<P><B><A HREF="05tyt08.gif" tppabs="http://www.mcp.com/817948800/0-672/0-672-30885-1/05tyt08.gif">Figure 5.8. Routing information in an EGP </B><B>header.</A></B>

<BR>

<P>Using EGP, gateways can update each other and keep their routing tables current. A similar scheme is used for IGP, although the messages can be custom-designed by the network manager and application development team because they are not transmitted over the Internet. 

<BR>

<BR>

<A ID="E70E26" NAME="E70E26"></A>

<H5 ALIGN=CENTER>

<CENTER>

<FONT SIZE=4 COLOR="#FF0000"><B>Neighbor Acquisition Messages</B></FONT></CENTER></H5>

<BR>

<P>A Neighbor Acquisition message (Request, Confirm, and Refuse Acquisition message types) is sent when a neighbor is being checked for acquisition. The same message format is used whether the particular message is a request, a confirmation, or a refusal.

<BR>

<P>The type is set to a value of 3 to indicate that the message is a neighbor acquisition, and the Code field provides the details as to the type of Acquisition message, as shown in Table 5.4.

<BR>

<BR>

<P ALIGN=CENTER>

<CENTER>

<FONT COLOR="#000080"><B>Table 5.4. EGP Acquisition message codes.</B></FONT></CENTER>

<BR>



<CENTER><TABLE  BORDERCOLOR=#000040 BORDER=1 CELLSPACING=2 CELLPADDING=3 >

<TR>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>

<P><B><I>Code</I></B>

</FONT>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>

<P><B><I>Description</I></B>

</FONT>

<TR>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>

<P>0

<BR>

</FONT>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>

<P>Request Acquisition

<BR>

</FONT>

<TR>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>

<P>1

<BR>

</FONT>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>

<P>Confirm Acquisition

<BR>

</FONT>

<TR>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>

<P>2

<BR>

</FONT>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>

<P>Refuse Acquisition

<BR>

</FONT>

<TR>

<TD BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>

<P>3

<BR>

</FONT>
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