mod_authnz_ldap.html.en

Apache官方在今天放出产品系列2.2的最新版本2.2.11的源码包 最流行的HTTP服务器软件之一

        users must authenticate using their UID. 
<div class="example"><p><code>
AuthLDAPURL ldap://ldap.airius.com/o=Airius?uid<br />
Require ldap-group cn=Administrators, o=Airius
</code></p></div>
      </li>

      <li>
        The next example assumes that everyone at Airius who
        carries an alphanumeric pager will have an LDAP attribute
        of <code>qpagePagerID</code>. The example will grant access
        only to people (authenticated via their UID) who have
        alphanumeric pagers: 
<div class="example"><p><code>
AuthLDAPURL ldap://ldap.airius.com/o=Airius?uid??(qpagePagerID=*)<br />
Require valid-user
</code></p></div>
      </li>

      <li>
        <p>The next example demonstrates the power of using filters
        to accomplish complicated administrative requirements.
        Without filters, it would have been necessary to create a
        new LDAP group and ensure that the group's members remain
        synchronized with the pager users. This becomes trivial
        with filters. The goal is to grant access to anyone who has
        a pager, plus grant access to Joe Manager, who doesn't
        have a pager, but does need to access the same
        resource:</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
AuthLDAPURL ldap://ldap.airius.com/o=Airius?uid??(|(qpagePagerID=*)(uid=jmanager))<br />
Require valid-user
</code></p></div>

        <p>This last may look confusing at first, so it helps to
        evaluate what the search filter will look like based on who
        connects, as shown below.  If
        Fred User connects as <code>fuser</code>, the filter would look
        like</p>

        <div class="example"><p><code>(&amp;(|(qpagePagerID=*)(uid=jmanager))(uid=fuser))</code></p></div>

        <p>The above search will only succeed if <em>fuser</em> has a
        pager. When Joe Manager connects as <em>jmanager</em>, the
        filter looks like</p>

        <div class="example"><p><code>(&amp;(|(qpagePagerID=*)(uid=jmanager))(uid=jmanager))</code></p></div>

        <p>The above search will succeed whether <em>jmanager</em>
        has a pager or not.</p>
      </li>
    </ul>
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="usingtls" id="usingtls">Using TLS</a></h2>

    <p>To use TLS, see the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_ldap.html">mod_ldap</a></code> directives <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_ldap.html#ldaptrustedclientcert">LDAPTrustedClientCert</a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_ldap.html#ldaptrustedglobalcert">LDAPTrustedGlobalCert</a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_ldap.html#ldaptrustedmode">LDAPTrustedMode</a></code>.</p>

    <p>An optional second parameter can be added to the 
    <code class="directive"><a href="#authldapurl">AuthLDAPURL</a></code> to override
    the default connection type set by <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_ldap.html#ldaptrustedmode">LDAPTrustedMode</a></code>.
    This will allow the connection established by an <em>ldap://</em> Url 
    to be upgraded to a secure connection on the same port.</p>
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="usingssl" id="usingssl">Using SSL</a></h2>

    <p>To use SSL, see the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_ldap.html">mod_ldap</a></code> directives <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_ldap.html#ldaptrustedclientcert">LDAPTrustedClientCert</a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_ldap.html#ldaptrustedglobalcert">LDAPTrustedGlobalCert</a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_ldap.html#ldaptrustedmode">LDAPTrustedMode</a></code>.</p>

    <p>To specify a secure LDAP server, use <em>ldaps://</em> in the
    <code class="directive"><a href="#authldapurl">AuthLDAPURL</a></code>
    directive, instead of <em>ldap://</em>.</p>
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="exposed" id="exposed">Exposing Login Information</a></h2>

    <p>When this module performs authentication, LDAP attributes specified
    in the <code class="directive"><a href="#authldapurl">AuthLDAPUrl</a></code> 
    directive are placed in environment variables with the prefix "AUTHENTICATE_".</p>

    <p>If the attribute field contains the username, common name
    and telephone number of a user, a CGI program will have access to
    this information without the need to make a second independent LDAP
    query to gather this additional information.</p>

    <p>This has the potential to dramatically simplify the coding and
    configuration required in some web applications.</p>

</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="frontpage" id="frontpage">Using Microsoft
    FrontPage with mod_authnz_ldap</a></h2>

    <p>Normally, FrontPage uses FrontPage-web-specific user/group
    files (i.e., the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_file.html">mod_authn_file</a></code> and
    <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_groupfile.html">mod_authz_groupfile</a></code> modules) to handle all
    authentication. Unfortunately, it is not possible to just
    change to LDAP authentication by adding the proper directives,
    because it will break the <em>Permissions</em> forms in
    the FrontPage client, which attempt to modify the standard
    text-based authorization files.</p>

    <p>Once a FrontPage web has been created, adding LDAP
    authentication to it is a matter of adding the following
    directives to <em>every</em> <code>.htaccess</code> file
    that gets created in the web</p>
<div class="example"><pre>
AuthLDAPURL            "the url"
AuthGroupFile <em>mygroupfile</em>
Require group <em>mygroupfile</em>
</pre></div>

<h3><a name="howitworks" id="howitworks">How It Works</a></h3>

    <p>FrontPage restricts access to a web by adding the <code>Require
    valid-user</code> directive to the <code>.htaccess</code>
    files. The <code>Require valid-user</code> directive will succeed for
    any user who is valid <em>as far as LDAP is
    concerned</em>. This means that anybody who has an entry in
    the LDAP directory is considered a valid user, whereas FrontPage
    considers only those people in the local user file to be
    valid. By substituting the ldap-group with group file authorization,
    Apache is allowed to consult the local user file (which is managed by 
    FrontPage) - instead of LDAP - when handling authorizing the user.</p>

    <p>Once directives have been added as specified above,
    FrontPage users will be able to perform all management
    operations from the FrontPage client.</p>


<h3><a name="fpcaveats" id="fpcaveats">Caveats</a></h3>

    <ul>
      <li>When choosing the LDAP URL, the attribute to use for
      authentication should be something that will also be valid
      for putting into a <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_file.html">mod_authn_file</a></code> user file.
      The user ID is ideal for this.</li>

      <li>When adding users via FrontPage, FrontPage administrators
      should choose usernames that already exist in the LDAP
      directory (for obvious reasons). Also, the password that the
      administrator enters into the form is ignored, since Apache
      will actually be authenticating against the password in the
      LDAP database, and not against the password in the local user
      file. This could cause confusion for web administrators.</li>

      
      <li>Apache must be compiled with <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_auth_basic.html">mod_auth_basic</a></code>,
      <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_file.html">mod_authn_file</a></code> and
      <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_groupfile.html">mod_authz_groupfile</a></code> in order to
      use FrontPage support. This is because Apache will still use
      the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_groupfile.html">mod_authz_groupfile</a></code> group file for determine 
      the extent of a user's access to the FrontPage web.</li>

      <li>The directives must be put in the <code>.htaccess</code>
      files. Attempting to put them inside <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#location">&lt;Location&gt;</a></code> or <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directory">&lt;Directory&gt;</a></code> directives won't work. This
      is because <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authnz_ldap.html">mod_authnz_ldap</a></code> has to be able to grab
      the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_file.html#authgroupfile">AuthGroupFile</a></code>
      directive that is found in FrontPage <code>.htaccess</code>
      files so that it knows where to look for the valid user list. If
      the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authnz_ldap.html">mod_authnz_ldap</a></code> directives aren't in the same
      <code>.htaccess</code> file as the FrontPage directives, then
      the hack won't work, because <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authnz_ldap.html">mod_authnz_ldap</a></code> will
      never get a chance to process the <code>.htaccess</code> file,
      and won't be able to find the FrontPage-managed user file.</li>
    </ul>

</div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AuthLDAPBindDN" id="AuthLDAPBindDN">AuthLDAPBindDN</a> <a name="authldapbinddn" id="authldapbinddn">Directive</a></h2>
<table class="directive">
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Optional DN to use in binding to the LDAP server</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AuthLDAPBindDN <em>distinguished-name</em></code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>AuthConfig</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_authnz_ldap</td></tr>
</table>
    <p>An optional DN used to bind to the server when searching for
    entries. If not provided, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authnz_ldap.html">mod_authnz_ldap</a></code> will use
    an anonymous bind.</p>

</div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AuthLDAPBindPassword" id="AuthLDAPBindPassword">AuthLDAPBindPassword</a> <a name="authldapbindpassword" id="authldapbindpassword">Directive</a></h2>
<table class="directive">
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Password used in conjuction with the bind DN</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AuthLDAPBindPassword <em>password</em></code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>AuthConfig</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_authnz_ldap</td></tr>
</table>
    <p>A bind password to use in conjunction with the bind DN. Note
    that the bind password is probably sensitive data, and should be
    properly protected. You should only use the <code class="directive"><a href="#authldapbinddn">AuthLDAPBindDN</a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="#authldapbindpassword">AuthLDAPBindPassword</a></code> if you
    absolutely need them to search the directory.</p> 

</div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AuthLDAPCharsetConfig" id="AuthLDAPCharsetConfig">AuthLDAPCharsetConfig</a> <a name="authldapcharsetconfig" id="authldapcharsetconfig">Directive</a></h2>
<table class="directive">
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Language to charset conversion configuration file</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AuthLDAPCharsetConfig <em>file-path</em></code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_authnz_ldap</td></tr>
</table>
    <p>The <code class="directive">AuthLDAPCharsetConfig</code> directive sets the location
    of the language to charset conversion configuration file. <var>File-path</var> is relative
    to the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#serverroot">ServerRoot</a></code>. This file specifies
    the list of language extensions to character sets.
    Most administrators use the provided <code>charset.conv</code>
    file, which associates common language extensions to character sets.</p>

    <p>The file contains lines in the following format:</p>

    <div class="example"><p><code>
      <var>Language-Extension</var> <var>charset</var> [<var>Language-String</var>] ...
    </code></p></div>

    <p>The case of the extension does not matter. Blank lines, and lines
    beginning with a hash character (<code>#</code>) are ignored.</p>

</div>
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<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AuthLDAPCompareDNOnServer" id="AuthLDAPCompareDNOnServer">AuthLDAPCompareDNOnServer</a> <a name="authldapcomparednonserver" id="authldapcomparednonserver">Directive</a></h2>
<table class="directive">
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Use the LDAP server to compare the DNs</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AuthLDAPCompareDNOnServer on|off</code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>AuthLDAPCompareDNOnServer on</code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>AuthConfig</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_authnz_ldap</td></tr>
</table>
    <p>When set, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authnz_ldap.html">mod_authnz_ldap</a></code> will use the LDAP
    server to compare the DNs. This is the only foolproof way to
    compare DNs.  <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authnz_ldap.html">mod_authnz_ldap</a></code> will search the
    directory for the DN specified with the <a href="#reqdn"><code>Require dn</code></a> directive, then,
    retrieve the DN and compare it with the DN retrieved from the user
    entry. If this directive is not set,
    <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authnz_ldap.html">mod_authnz_ldap</a></code> simply does a string comparison. It
    is possible to get false negatives with this approach, but it is
    much faster. Note the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_ldap.html">mod_ldap</a></code> cache can speed up
    DN comparison in most situations.</p>

</div>
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