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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><head><!-- XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX This file is generated from xml source: DO NOT EDIT XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX --><title>Filters - Apache HTTP Server</title><link href="./style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" /><link href="./style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" /><link href="./style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" /><link href="./images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head><body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header"><p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p><p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.2</p><img alt="" src="./images/feather.gif" /></div><div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div><div id="path"><a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.2</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Filters</h1><div class="toplang"><p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/filter.html" title="English"> en </a> |<a href="./es/filter.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Espa駉l"> es </a> |<a href="./fr/filter.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Fran鏰is"> fr </a> |<a href="./ja/filter.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |<a href="./ko/filter.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> |<a href="./tr/filter.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="T黵k鏴"> tr </a></p></div> <p>This document describes the use of filters in Apache.</p> </div><div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#intro">Filtering in Apache 2</a></li><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#smart">Smart Filtering</a></li><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#using">Using Filters</a></li></ul></div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div><div class="section"><h2><a name="intro" id="intro">Filtering in Apache 2</a></h2> <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_filter.html">mod_filter</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_deflate.html">mod_deflate</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_ext_filter.html">mod_ext_filter</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_include.html">mod_include</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_charset_lite.html">mod_charset_lite</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_filter.html#filterchain">FilterChain</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_filter.html#filterdeclare">FilterDeclare</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_filter.html#filterprotocol">FilterProtocol</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_filter.html#filterprovider">FilterProvider</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_mime.html#addinputfilter">AddInputFilter</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_mime.html#addoutputfilter">AddOutputFilter</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_mime.html#removeinputfilter">RemoveInputFilter</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_mime.html#removeoutputfilter">RemoveOutputFilter</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_ext_filter.html#extfilterdefine">ExtFilterDefine</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_ext_filter.html#extfilteroptions">ExtFilterOptions</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#setinputfilter">SetInputFilter</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#setoutputfilter">SetOutputFilter</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table><p>The Filter Chain is available in Apache 2.0 and higher,and enables applications to process incoming and outgoing datain a highly flexible and configurable manner, regardless ofwhere the data comes from. We can pre-process incoming data,and post-process outgoing data, at will. This is basicallyindependent of the traditional request processing phases.</p><p class="figure"><img src="images/filter_arch.png" width="569" height="392" alt="Filters can be chained, in a Data Axis orthogonal to request processing" /></p><p>Some examples of filtering in the standard Apache distribution are:</p><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_include.html">mod_include</a></code>, implements server-side includes.</li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_ssl.html">mod_ssl</a></code>, implements SSL encryption (https).</li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_deflate.html">mod_deflate</a></code>, implements compression/decompression on the fly.</li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_charset_lite.html">mod_charset_lite</a></code>, transcodes between different character sets.</li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_ext_filter.html">mod_ext_filter</a></code>, runs an external program as a filter.</li></ul><p>Apache also uses a number of filters internally to performfunctions like chunking and byte-range handling.</p><p>A wider range of applications are implemented by third-party filtermodules available from <a href="http://modules.apache.org/">modules.apache.org</a> andelsewhere. A few of these are:</p><ul><li>HTML and XML processing and rewriting</li><li>XSLT transforms and XIncludes</li><li>XML Namespace support</li><li>File Upload handling and decoding of HTML Forms</li><li>Image processing</li><li>Protection of vulnerable applications such as PHP scripts</li><li>Text search-and-replace editing</li></ul></div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div><div class="section"><h2><a name="smart" id="smart">Smart Filtering</a></h2><p class="figure"><img src="images/mod_filter_new.png" width="423" height="331" alt="Smart filtering applies different filter providers according to the state of request processing" /></p><p><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_filter.html">mod_filter</a></code>, included in Apache 2.1 and later,enables the filter chain to be configured dynamically at run time.So for example you can set up a proxy to rewriteHTML with an HTML filter and JPEG images with a completelyseparate filter, despite the proxy having no prior informationabout what the origin server will send. This works by using afilter harness, that dispatches to different providers accordingto the actual contents at runtime. Any filter may be eitherinserted directly in the chain and run unconditionally, orused as a provider and inserted dynamically. For example,</p><ul><li>an HTML processing filter will only run if the content istext/html or application/xhtml+xml</li><li>A compression filter will only run if the input is acompressible type and not already compressed</li><li>A charset conversion filter will be inserted if a textdocument is not already in the desired charset</li></ul></div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div><div class="section"><h2><a name="using" id="using">Using Filters</a></h2><p>There are two ways to use filtering: Simple and Dynamic.In general, you should use one or the other; mixing them canhave unexpected consequences (although simple Input filteringcan be mixed freely with either simple or dynamic Output filtering).</p><p>The Simple Way is the only way to configure input filters, and issufficient for output filters where you need a static filter chain.Relevant directives are <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#setinputfilter">SetInputFilter</a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#setoutputfilter">SetOutputFilter</a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_mime.html#addinputfilter">AddInputFilter</a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_mime.html#addoutputfilter">AddOutputFilter</a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_mime.html#removeinputfilter">RemoveInputFilter</a></code>, and <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_mime.html#removeoutputfilter">RemoveOutputFilter</a></code>.</p><p>The Dynamic Way enables both static and flexible, dynamic configurationof output filters, as discussed in the <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_filter.html">mod_filter</a></code> page.Relevant directives are <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_filter.html#filterchain">FilterChain</a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_filter.html#filterdeclare">FilterDeclare</a></code>, and <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_filter.html#filterprovider">FilterProvider</a></code>.</p><p>One further directive <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#addoutputfilterbytype">AddOutputFilterByType</a></code> is still supported,but may be problematic and is now deprecated. Use dynamicconfiguration instead.</p> </div></div><div class="bottomlang"><p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/filter.html" title="English"> en </a> |<a href="./es/filter.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Espa駉l"> es </a> |<a href="./fr/filter.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Fran鏰is"> fr </a> |<a href="./ja/filter.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |<a href="./ko/filter.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> |<a href="./tr/filter.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="T黵k鏴"> tr </a></p></div><div id="footer"><p class="apache">Copyright 2008 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p><p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div></body></html>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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