clips.hlp

专家系统开发工具CLIPS软件

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HELP_USAGE                 FUNCTION_SUMMARY
RELEASE_NOTES              COMMAND_SUMMARY
CONSTRUCT_SUMMARY          INTEGRATED_EDITOR

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1IBEGIN-ENTRY-HELP_USAGE

HELP_USAGE

H.2 Using the Help Facility
The help facility displays menus of topics and prompts the user for a choice.  
It then references the help file for that information.  The help facility can 
be called with or without a command-line topic.

Syntax:
   (help [<path>])

where <path> is the full path leading to a topic in the help tree.  For 
example, for information on defrule syntax, the user would type:  
   (help construct_summary defrule).  
The help function has no return value.

Each element or field in the path is delimited by white space, and the help 
facility is not case sensitive.  In addition, the entire name of a field does  
not need to be specified.  Only enough characters to distinguish the field 
from other choices in the menu are necessary (if there is a conflict, the help  
facility will pick the first one in the list).  For instance, (help con def)  
would be sufficient for the above example.

A few special fields can be used while in the help facility.

^      Branch up one level.
?      When specified at the end of a path, this forces a display of the  
       current menu, even on branch-ups.
<nil>  Giving no topic field will branch up one level.

A branch-up from the MAIN topic root node implies an exit from help.

By default, the help facility comes up in the MAIN topic root menu and the 
user may make a choice as described above.  The prompt line always displays 
the name of the current menu.  The help facility will branch through the help-
tree until instructed to exit by a branch-up from the top level.  The level 
always is reset to the MAIN topic upon exit from the help facility.

The first call to the help facility will take longer than successive calls  
while the system loads help information into an internal lookup table.  All 
other calls to the help facility are very fast.

The help facility reads help information from a file during execution.  Users  
may wish to change the location of the help file to meet the configuration of 
their system.  The help-path function was provided to allow this.

Syntax:
   (help-path [<help-file-name>])

If no argument is specified, the function displays the name of the current 
help file.  If an argument is specified, the help facility will use the new 
file name for future help references during this CLIPS session.  To change the 
location of the help file permanently, a change must be made in the setup.h 
file, then CLIPS must be recompiled.  The help-path function has no return 
value.

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1MBEGIN-ENTRY-RELEASE_NOTES

RELEASE_NOTES

The release notes help section contains information about new features
and where to get technical support.

Subtopics:
NEW_FEATURES               SUPPORT_INFORMATION
V6.24                      V6.23
V6.22                      V6.21

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2IBEGIN-ENTRY-NEW_FEATURES

RELEASE_NOTES
  NEW_FEATURES
  
Version 6.2 of CLIPS contains two major enhancements. First, CLIPS now 
provides a mechanism which allows an embedded application to create 
multiple environments into which programs can be loaded. Second, an 
improved Windows 2000/XP CLIPS interface is now available and the 
Macintosh CLIPS interface has been enhanced to support MacOS X. For a 
detailed listing of differences between the 6.x releases of CLIPS, 
refer to appendix B of the Basic Programming Guide and appendix C of 
the Advanced Programming Guide.

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2IBEGIN-ENTRY-V6.21

RELEASE_NOTES
  V6.21

*   Bug Fixes - The following bugs were fixed by the 6.21 release:

    *   The C GetDefglobalValue macro did not have the correct number 
        of arguments.

    *   The C RtnArgCount macro did not have the correct number of 
        arguments.

    *   Erroneous error generated for object pattern under some 
        circumstances.

    *   The C Save macro did not have the correct number of arguments.

    *   The C Eval and Build functions did not have the correct number 
        of arguments. 

    *   The progn$ index variable did not always return the correct 
        value.

    *   The member$ function did not always return the correct value. 

    *   C++ style comments in the code caused errors when using strict 
        ANSI C compilation. 

    *   The C LoadFactsFromString function did not have the correct 
        number of arguments. 

    *   Prior bug fix to the PutFactSlot C function prevented memory 
        associated with the fact to be garbage collected after the 
        fact had been retracted. The original bug is now fixed through 
        a new API which allows embedded programs to temporarily disable 
        garbage collection. See section 1.4 of The Advanced Programming 
        Guide for more details.

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2IBEGIN-ENTRY-V6.22

RELEASE_NOTES
  V6.22

*   Bug Fixes - The following bugs were fixed by the 6.22 release:

    *   Numerous fixes for functions and macros that did not accept 
        the correct number of arguments as specified in the Advanced 
        Programming Guide. The following functions and macros were 
        corrected: Agenda, BatchStar, EnvGetActivationSalience, 
        EnvBatchStar, EnvFactDeftemplate, EnvFactExistp, EnvFactList, 
        EnvFactSlotNames, EnvGetNextInstanceInClassAndSubclasses, 
        EnvLoadInstancesFromString, EnvRestoreInstancesFromString, 
        EnvSetOutOfMemoryFunction, FactDeftemplate, FactExistp, 
        FactList, FactSlotNames, GetNextInstanceInClassAndSubclasses, 
        LoadInstancesFromString, RestoreInstancesFromString, and
        SetOutOfMemoryFunction.

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2IBEGIN-ENTRY-V6.23

RELEASE_NOTES
  V6.23

*   Fact-Set Query Functions - Six new functions similar to the instance 
    set query functions have been added for determining and performing 
    actions on sets of facts that satisfy user-defined queries (see 
    section 12.9.12 of the Basic Programming Guide): any-factp, find-fact, 
    find-all-facts, do-for-fact, do-for-all-facts, and 
    delayed-do-for-all-facts. The GetNextFactInTemplate function (see 
    section 4.4.17 of the Advanced Programming Guide) allows iteration 
    from C over the facts belonging to a specific deftemplate.

*   Bug Fixes - The following bugs were fixed by the 6.23 release:

    *   Passing the wrong number of arguments to a deffunction through 
        the funcall function could cause unpredictable behavior 
        including memory corruption.

    *   A large file name (at least 60 characters) passed into the fetch 
        command causes a buffer overrun.

    *   A large file name (at least 60 characters) passed into the 
        constructs-to-c command causes a buffer overrun.

    *   A large defclass or defgeneric name (at least 500 characters) 
        causes a buffer overrun when the profile-info command is called. 

    *   A large module or construct name (at least 500 characters) 
        causes a buffer overrun when the get-<construct>-list command is 
        called. 

    *   The FalseSymbol and TrueSymbol constants were not defined as 
        described in the Advanced Programming Guide. These constants 
        have have now been defined as macros so that their corresponding 
        environment companion functions (EnvFalseSymbol and EnvTrueSymbol) 
        could be defined. See the Advanced Programming Guide for more 
        details. 

    *   The slot-writablep function returns TRUE for slots having 
        initialize-only access. 

    *   Files created by the constructs-to-c function for use in a 
        run-time program generate compilation errors.

*   Command and Function Changes - The following commands and functions 
    have been enhanced:

    *   funcall (see section 12.7.10 of the Basic Programming Guide). 
        Multifield arguments are no longer expanded into multiple 
        arguments before being passed to the target function of the 
        funcall. The expand$ function can be placed around an argument 
        to revert to the old behavior.

*   Compiler Support - The following compilers are now supported. See 
    the Interfaces Guide for more details.

    *   Metrowerks CodeWarrior 9.4 for Mac OS X and Windows. 

    *   Xcode 1.2 for Mac OS X. 

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2IBEGIN-ENTRY-V6.24

RELEASE_NOTES
  V6.24

*   Allowed Classes Constraint Attribute - The allowed-classes constraint 
    attribute allows a slot containing an instance value to be restricted 
    to the specified list of classes (see section 11.2 of the Basic
    Programming Guide).

*   New Functions and Commands - Several new functions and commands 
    have been added. They are: 

    *   deftemplate-slot-allowed-values (see section 12.8.2 of the BPG) 

    *   deftemplate-slot-cardinality (see section 12.8.3 of the BPG) 

    *   deftemplate-slot-defaultp (see section 12.8.4 of the BPG) 

    *   deftemplate-slot-default-value (see section 12.8.5 of the BPG) 

    *   deftemplate-slot-existp (see section 12.8.6 of the BPG) 

    *   deftemplate-slot-multip (see section 12.8.7 of the BPG) 

    *   deftemplate-slot-names (see section 12.8.8 of the BPG) 

    *   deftemplate-slot-range (see section 12.8.9 of the BPG) 

    *   deftemplate-slot-singlep (see section 12.8.10 of the BPG) 

    *   deftemplate-slot-type (see section 12.8.11 of the BPG)

    *   get-char (see section 12.4.2.9 of the BPG)

    *   get-region (see section 13.15.2.3 of the BPG)

    *   ppfact (see section 13.4.6 of the BPG) 

    *   read-number (see section 12.4.2.10 of the BPG) 

    *   set-locale (see section 12.4.2.11 of the BPG) 

    *   slot-allowed-classes (see section 12.16.1.27 of the BPG) 

*   Command and Function Changes   The following commands and functions 
    have been enhanced:

    *   format (see section 12.4.2.6 of the Basic Programming Guide). The 
        formatting of printed numbers can be changed to use a native locale
        with the set-locale function. The documentation has been updated to 
        include the effect of the precision argument on the d, g, o, and x 
        format flags.

*   Behavior Changes - The following changes have been made to behavior:

    *   The message displayed when a construct is redefined and compilations 
        are being watched is now more prominent.

*   Bug Fixes - The following bugs were fixed by the 6.24 release:

    *	The DescribeClass macros were incorrectly defined.

    *	The sort function leaks memory when called with a multifield value
        of length zero.

    *	Link error occurred for the SlotExistError function when OBJECT_SYSTEM 
        is set to 0 in setup.h.

    *	An error when calling the Eval function causes a subsequent call to 
        DeallocateEnvironmentData to fail. 

    *	Loading a binary instance file from a run-time program caused a bus 
        error.

    *	Incorrect activations could occur with the exists CE.

    *	Compilation errors occurred when compiling CLIPS source as C++ files.

    *	The AssignFactSlotDefaults function did not correctly handle defaults 
        for multifield slots.

    *	The slot-default-value function crashed when no default existed for a 
        slot (the ?NONE value was specified).

    *	CLIPS crashed on AMD64 processor in the function used to generate hash 
        values for integers.

    *	A syntax error was not generated for the last deffunction or defmethod 
        in a file if it was missing the final closing right parenthesis.

*   Compiler Support - The following compilers are now supported. See 
    the Interfaces Guide for more details.

    *   Metrowerks CodeWarrior 9.6 for Mac OS X. 

    *   Xcode 2.3 for Mac OS X. 

    *   Microsoft Visual C++ .NET 2003 for Windows. 

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2IBEGIN-ENTRY-SUPPORT_INFORMATION

RELEASE_NOTES
  SUPPORT_INFORMATION
  
CLIPS executables, documentation, and source code are available for
download from http://www.ghg.net/clips/download/.

Questions regarding CLIPS can be sent via electronic mail to 
[e-mail] where YYYY is the current year (for example, 2004).
Include the words 'CLIPS USER' in the subject line. 

An electronic conferencing facility, sponsored by Distributed Computing
Systems (http://www.discomsys.com), is also available to CLIPS users.
Subscribers to this facility may send questions, observations, answers,
editorials, etc., in the form of electronic mail to the conference. All
subscribers will have a copy of these messages reflected back to them at
their respective electronic mail addresses. To subscribe, send a single
line message to [e-mail] containing the word
"subscribe". The subject field is ignored but the address found in the
訰eply: