dd.c

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/*	$NetBSD: dd.c,v 1.37 2004/01/17 21:00:16 dbj Exp $	*/

/*-
 * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993, 1994
 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
 * Keith Muller of the University of California, San Diego and Lance
 * Visser of Convex Computer Corporation.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

#include <sys/cdefs.h>
#ifndef lint
__COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1991, 1993, 1994\n\
	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n");
#endif /* not lint */

#ifndef lint
#if 0
static char sccsid[] = "@(#)dd.c	8.5 (Berkeley) 4/2/94";
#else
__RCSID("$NetBSD: dd.c,v 1.37 2004/01/17 21:00:16 dbj Exp $");
#endif
#endif /* not lint */

#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/time.h>

#include <ctype.h>
#include <err.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include "dd.h"

#define NO_CONV

//#include "extern.h"
void block(void);
void block_close(void);
void dd_out(int);
void def(void);
void def_close(void);
void jcl(char **);
void pos_in(void);
void pos_out(void);
void summary(void);
void summaryx(int);
void terminate(int);
void unblock(void);
void unblock_close(void);
ssize_t bwrite(int, const void *, size_t);

extern IO		in, out;
extern STAT		st;
extern void		(*cfunc)(void);
extern uint64_t		cpy_cnt;
extern uint64_t		cbsz;
extern u_int		ddflags;
extern u_int		files_cnt;
extern int		progress;
extern const u_char	*ctab;
extern const u_char	a2e_32V[], a2e_POSIX[];
extern const u_char	e2a_32V[], e2a_POSIX[];
extern const u_char	a2ibm_32V[], a2ibm_POSIX[];
extern u_char		casetab[];


#define MAX(a, b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))

static void dd_close(void);
static void dd_in(void);
static void getfdtype(IO *);
static int redup_clean_fd(int);
static void setup(void);


IO		in, out;		/* input/output state */
STAT		st;			/* statistics */
void		(*cfunc)(void);		/* conversion function */
uint64_t	cpy_cnt;		/* # of blocks to copy */
static off_t	pending = 0;		/* pending seek if sparse */
u_int		ddflags;		/* conversion options */
uint64_t	cbsz;			/* conversion block size */
u_int		files_cnt = 1;		/* # of files to copy */
int		progress = 0;		/* display sign of life */
const u_char	*ctab;			/* conversion table */
sigset_t	infoset;		/* a set blocking SIGINFO */

int
dd_main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	int ch;

	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "")) != -1) {
		switch (ch) {
		default:
			fprintf(stderr, "usage: dd [operand ...]\n");
			exit(1);
			/* NOTREACHED */
		}
	}
	argc -= (optind - 1);
	argv += (optind - 1);

	jcl(argv);
	setup();

//	(void)signal(SIGINFO, summaryx);
	(void)signal(SIGINT, terminate);
	(void)sigemptyset(&infoset);
//	(void)sigaddset(&infoset, SIGINFO);

	(void)atexit(summary);

	while (files_cnt--)
		dd_in();

	dd_close();
	exit(0);
	/* NOTREACHED */
}

static void
setup(void)
{

	if (in.name == NULL) {
		in.name = "stdin";
		in.fd = STDIN_FILENO;
	} else {
		in.fd = open(in.name, O_RDONLY, 0);
		if (in.fd < 0) {
			fprintf(stderr, "%s: cannot open for read: %s\n",
				in.name, strerror(errno));
			exit(1);
			/* NOTREACHED */
		}

		/* Ensure in.fd is outside the stdio descriptor range */
		in.fd = redup_clean_fd(in.fd);
	}

	getfdtype(&in);

	if (files_cnt > 1 && !(in.flags & ISTAPE)) {
		fprintf(stderr,
			"files is not supported for non-tape devices\n");
		exit(1);
		/* NOTREACHED */
	}

	if (out.name == NULL) {
		/* No way to check for read access here. */
		out.fd = STDOUT_FILENO;
		out.name = "stdout";
	} else {
#define	OFLAGS \
    (O_CREAT | (ddflags & (C_SEEK | C_NOTRUNC) ? 0 : O_TRUNC))
		out.fd = open(out.name, O_RDWR | OFLAGS /*, DEFFILEMODE */);
		/*
		 * May not have read access, so try again with write only.
		 * Without read we may have a problem if output also does
		 * not support seeks.
		 */
		if (out.fd < 0) {
			out.fd = open(out.name, O_WRONLY | OFLAGS /*, DEFFILEMODE */);
			out.flags |= NOREAD;
		}
		if (out.fd < 0) {
			fprintf(stderr, "%s: cannot open for write: %s\n",
				out.name, strerror(errno));
			exit(1);
			/* NOTREACHED */
		}

		/* Ensure out.fd is outside the stdio descriptor range */
		out.fd = redup_clean_fd(out.fd);
	}

	getfdtype(&out);

	/*
	 * Allocate space for the input and output buffers.  If not doing
	 * record oriented I/O, only need a single buffer.
	 */
	if (!(ddflags & (C_BLOCK|C_UNBLOCK))) {
		if ((in.db = malloc(out.dbsz + in.dbsz - 1)) == NULL) {
			exit(1);
			/* NOTREACHED */
		}
		out.db = in.db;
	} else if ((in.db =
	    malloc((u_int)(MAX(in.dbsz, cbsz) + cbsz))) == NULL ||
	    (out.db = malloc((u_int)(out.dbsz + cbsz))) == NULL) {
		exit(1);
		/* NOTREACHED */
	}
	in.dbp = in.db;
	out.dbp = out.db;

	/* Position the input/output streams. */
	if (in.offset)
		pos_in();
	if (out.offset)
		pos_out();

	/*
	 * Truncate the output file; ignore errors because it fails on some
	 * kinds of output files, tapes, for example.
	 */
	if ((ddflags & (C_OF | C_SEEK | C_NOTRUNC)) == (C_OF | C_SEEK))
		(void)ftruncate(out.fd, (off_t)out.offset * out.dbsz);

	/*
	 * If converting case at the same time as another conversion, build a
	 * table that does both at once.  If just converting case, use the
	 * built-in tables.
	 */
	if (ddflags & (C_LCASE|C_UCASE)) {
#ifdef	NO_CONV
		/* Should not get here, but just in case... */
		fprintf(stderr, "case conv and -DNO_CONV\n");
		exit(1);
		/* NOTREACHED */
#else	/* NO_CONV */
		u_int cnt;

		if (ddflags & C_ASCII || ddflags & C_EBCDIC) {
			if (ddflags & C_LCASE) {
				for (cnt = 0; cnt < 0377; ++cnt)
					casetab[cnt] = tolower(ctab[cnt]);
			} else {
				for (cnt = 0; cnt < 0377; ++cnt)
					casetab[cnt] = toupper(ctab[cnt]);
			}
		} else {
			if (ddflags & C_LCASE) {
				for (cnt = 0; cnt < 0377; ++cnt)
					casetab[cnt] = tolower(cnt);
			} else {
				for (cnt = 0; cnt < 0377; ++cnt)
					casetab[cnt] = toupper(cnt);
			}
		}

		ctab = casetab;
#endif	/* NO_CONV */
	}

	(void)gettimeofday(&st.start, NULL);	/* Statistics timestamp. */
}

static void
getfdtype(IO *io)
{
//	struct mtget mt;
	struct stat sb;

	if (fstat(io->fd, &sb)) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%s: cannot fstat: %s\n",
			io->name, strerror(errno));
		exit(1);
		/* NOTREACHED */
	}
	if (S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode))
		io->flags |= /*ioctl(io->fd, MTIOCGET, &mt) ? ISCHR : ISTAPE; */ ISCHR;
	else if (lseek(io->fd, (off_t)0, SEEK_CUR) == -1 && errno == ESPIPE)
		io->flags |= ISPIPE;		/* XXX fixed in 4.4BSD */
}

/*
 * Move the parameter file descriptor to a descriptor that is outside the
 * stdio descriptor range, if necessary.  This is required to avoid
 * accidentally outputting completion or error messages into the
 * output file that were intended for the tty.
 */
static int
redup_clean_fd(int fd)
{
	int newfd;

	if (fd != STDIN_FILENO && fd != STDOUT_FILENO &&
	    fd != STDERR_FILENO)
		/* File descriptor is ok, return immediately. */
		return fd;

	/*
	 * 3 is the first descriptor greater than STD*_FILENO.  Any
	 * free descriptor valued 3 or above is acceptable...
	 */
	newfd = fcntl(fd, F_DUPFD, 3);
	if (newfd < 0) {
		fprintf(stderr, "dupfd IO: %s\n", strerror(errno));
		exit(1);
		/* NOTREACHED */
	}

	close(fd);

	return newfd;
}

static void
dd_in(void)
{
	int flags;
	int64_t n;

	for (flags = ddflags;;) {
		if (cpy_cnt && (st.in_full + st.in_part) >= cpy_cnt)
			return;

		/*
		 * Clear the buffer first if doing "sync" on input.
		 * If doing block operations use spaces.  This will
		 * affect not only the C_NOERROR case, but also the
		 * last partial input block which should be padded
		 * with zero and not garbage.
		 */
		if (flags & C_SYNC) {
			if (flags & (C_BLOCK|C_UNBLOCK))
				(void)memset(in.dbp, ' ', in.dbsz);
			else
				(void)memset(in.dbp, 0, in.dbsz);
		}

		n = read(in.fd, in.dbp, in.dbsz);
		if (n == 0) {
			in.dbrcnt = 0;
			return;
		}

		/* Read error. */
		if (n < 0) {

			/*
			 * If noerror not specified, die.  POSIX requires that
			 * the warning message be followed by an I/O display.
			 */
			fprintf(stderr, "%s: read error: %s\n",
				in.name, strerror(errno));
			if (!(flags & C_NOERROR)) {
				exit(1);
				/* NOTREACHED */
			}
			summary();

			/*
			 * If it's not a tape drive or a pipe, seek past the
			 * error.  If your OS doesn't do the right thing for
			 * raw disks this section should be modified to re-read
			 * in sector size chunks.
			 */
			if (!(in.flags & (ISPIPE|ISTAPE)) &&
			    lseek(in.fd, (off_t)in.dbsz, SEEK_CUR))
				fprintf(stderr, "%s: seek error: %s\n",
					in.name, strerror(errno));

			/* If sync not specified, omit block and continue. */
			if (!(ddflags & C_SYNC))
				continue;

			/* Read errors count as full blocks. */
			in.dbcnt += in.dbrcnt = in.dbsz;
			++st.in_full;

		/* Handle full input blocks. */
		} else if (n == in.dbsz) {
			in.dbcnt += in.dbrcnt = n;
			++st.in_full;

		/* Handle partial input blocks. */
		} else {
			/* If sync, use the entire block. */
			if (ddflags & C_SYNC)
				in.dbcnt += in.dbrcnt = in.dbsz;
			else
				in.dbcnt += in.dbrcnt = n;
			++st.in_part;
		}

		/*
		 * POSIX states that if bs is set and no other conversions
		 * than noerror, notrunc or sync are specified, the block
		 * is output without buffering as it is read.
		 */
		if (ddflags & C_BS) {
			out.dbcnt = in.dbcnt;
			dd_out(1);
			in.dbcnt = 0;
			continue;
		}

/*		if (ddflags & C_SWAB) {
			if ((n = in.dbrcnt) & 1) {
				++st.swab;
				--n;
			}
			swab(in.dbp, in.dbp, n);
		}
*/
		in.dbp += in.dbrcnt;
		(*cfunc)();
	}
}

/*
 * Cleanup any remaining I/O and flush output.  If necesssary, output file
 * is truncated.
 */
static void
dd_close(void)
{

	if (cfunc == def)
		def_close();
	else if (cfunc == block)
		block_close();
	else if (cfunc == unblock)
		unblock_close();
	if (ddflags & C_OSYNC && out.dbcnt < out.dbsz) {