软件安装说明.txt

可以帮助java学习的一个基础课件

===========================================
==             Java安装说明            ==
===========================================
  (一)系统要求
  Windows 98，Windows 2000 Professional
  Pentium 166MHz以上  64兆内存（以上）
  硬盘：70MB for java系统  120MB for java文档

  (二)Java系统安装步骤
  1.下载安装程序j2sdk-1_3_1_01-win.exe

  2.运行安装程序j2sdk-1_3_1_01-win.exe
    假定安装在C盘根目录下，安装后目录结构如下：
               c:\jdk1.3.1_01
  ____________________|___________________
 |    |    |    |    |   |  |    |    |   |
 |    |    |    |   bin lib |    |  demo  |
 |    |    | LICENSE |   |  |    |       jre
 |    | COPYRIGHT           |    |      __|__
 |  README                  | include  |     |
README.html           include-old     bin   lib

  3.删除安装程序j2sdk-1_3_1_01-win.exe（可选，主要
是为了节省空间）

  4.更新PATH环境变量
  为了能在任何目录下都能执行java命令（如javac、java、
等），需要将java的bin目录放入PATH环境变量中。 
  对于Windows95/98, 打开“开始”菜单、选择“运行”、
输入命令sysedit（调用系统配置编辑程序），在
C:\AUTOEXEC.BAT窗口中找到PATH设置并追加一项（
c:\jdk1.3.1_01\bin）
  对于Windows NT and Windows 2000 ，进入“开始”菜单
，选择“设置/控制面板/系统”。对于Windows NT,选择“环
境”页，对于Windows 2000，选择“高级”页，在环境变量设置中的
用户变量栏中增加（如果原来没有PATH）或修改PATH环境变量，使其
包含c:\jdk1.3.1_01\bin路径。

  5.更新CLASSPATH环境变量
  为了使系统能找到用户定义的类，需要将用户类所在的目
录（通常是当前目录）放入CLASSPATH变量中。
  具体更改方法同PATH修改过程，只是要找到 CLASSPATH环
境变量进行修改。
  有的系统（如windows2000可以不设置该环境变量）
  
  6.确认系统安装
  在DOS提示符下，输入set命令可以查看PATH和CLASSPATH的
设置。下面是set命令的输出样例(注意最后一项)：
D:\ > set
...
PATH=c:\windows\command;c:\jdk1.3.1_01\bin
CLASSPATH=c:\program\borland\vbroker\lib\vbcpp.jar;.

  (三)Java文档安装步骤
  1.下载j2sdk-1_3_1-doc.zip压缩文件。
  2.选择文档安装目录解压缩。
  文档目录结构如下：
                   docs
 ____________________|___________________
 |     |     |       |         |        |   
api  guide images relnotes  tooldocs  index 
 |     |     |       |         | 

  index是文档的主页

====================================================
==                参考资料                    ==
====================================================
  1.Thinking in java  (下载压缩文件）

=============================================
==        Update the PATH variable         == 
=============================================
You can run the Java 2 SDK without setting the PATH
variable, or you can optionally set it as a convenience. 
Should I set the PATH variable?
Set the PATH variable if you want to be able to conveniently
run the Java 2 SDK executables (javac.exe, java.exe, 
javadoc.exe, etc.) from any directory without having to
type the full path of the command. If you don't set the 
PATH variable, you need to specify the full path to the 
executable every time you run it, such as: 

    C:> \jdk1.3.1_<version number>\bin\javac MyClass.java

It's useful to set the PATH permanently so it will persist
after rebooting. 
How do I set the PATH permanently? 
To set the PATH permanently, add the full path of the
jdk1.3.1_<version number>\bin directory to the PATH variable.
Typically this full path looks something like
C:\jdk1.3.1_<version number>\bin. Set the PATH as follows,
according to whether you are on Windows NT or Windows 
95/98/2000/ME.

Windows NT and Windows 2000 - To set the PATH permanently:

Choose Settings, Control Panel, and select System. On Windows
NT, select the Environment tab; on Windows 2000 select the
Advanced tab. Look for "Path" in the User Variables and System
Variables. If you're not sure where to add the path, add it to
the right end of the "Path" in the User Variables. A 
typicalvalue for PATH is: 
     C:\jdk1.3.1_<version number>\bin 

Capitalization doesn't matter. Click "Set", "OK" or "Apply". 

The PATH can be a series of directories separated by 
semi-colons (;). Microsoft Windows looks for programs in the 
PATH directories in order, from left to right. You should only 
have one bin directory for a Java SDK in the path at a time 
(those following the first are ignored), so if one is already 
present, you can update it to jdk1.3.1_<version number>. 

The new path takes effect in each new Command Prompt window 
you open after setting the PATH variable. 
Windows 98, Windows 95 - To set the PATH permanently, open the 
AUTOEXEC.BAT file and add or change the PATH statement as 
follows: 

Start the system editor. Choose "Start", "Run" and enter 
sysedit, then click OK. The system editor starts up with 
several windows showing. Go to the window that is displaying 
AUTOEXEC.BAT. 

Look for the PATH statement. (If you don't have one, add one.) 
If you're not sure where to add the path, add it to the right 
end of the PATH. For example, in the following PATH statement, 
we have added the bin directory at the right end: 

PATH C:\WINDOWS;C:\WINDOWS\COMMAND;C:\JDK1.3.1_01\BIN 

Capitalization doesn't matter. The PATH can be a series of 
directories separated by semi-colons (;). Microsoft Windows 
searches for programs in the PATH directories in order, from 
left to right. You should only have one bin directory for a 
Java SDK in the path at a time (those following the first are 
ignored), so if one is already present, you can update it to 
jdk1.3.1_<version number>. 

To make the path take effect in the current Command Prompt 
window, execute the following: 
      C:> c:\autoexec.bat

To find out the current value of your PATH, to see if it took
effect, at the command prompt, type: 
      C:> path

Windows ME - To set the PATH permanently: 

From the start menu, choose programs, accessories, system 
tools, and system information. This brings up a window titled 
"Microsoft Help and Support". From here, choose the tools 
menu, then select the system configuration utility. Click the 
environment tab, select PATH and press the edit button. Now 
add the SDK to your path as described in step b above. After 
you've added the location of the SDK to your PATH, save the 
changes and reboot your machine when prompted. 

=============================================
==      Check the CLASSPATH variable       == 
=============================================
The CLASSPATH variable is one way to tell applications written 
in the Java programming language (including the Java 2 SDK 
utilities) where to look for user classes (classes that you 
develop). (The -classpath command-line switch is the preferred 
way.) If your machine does not have the CLASSPATH variable 
set, you can ignore the rest of this step. To check this, run 
the set command from the DOS prompt: 

  C:> set

If CLASSPATH does not appear in the list of settings, it is 
not set. If your CLASSPATH variable is set to some value, you 
may want to clean up your CLASSPATH settings, so read on. 
Should I modify the CLASSPATH variable?

the Java 2 SDK will work fine even if CLASSPATH is set for an 
earlier version of the SDK software, as long as it contains 
the current directory ".". However, if your CLASSPATH contains 
classes.zip (which was only in JDK 1.0.x and JDK 1.1.x), and 
you don't plan to continue using those earlier versions, you 
can remove that setting from the CLASSPATH now. In any case, 
if CLASSPATH is set, it should include the current directory 
-- this makes it possible to compile and then run classes in 
the current directory. 

How do I modify the CLASSPATH? 
Use the same procedure you used for the PATH variable in the 
previous step and either: 

Remove the CLASSPATH environment variable entirely. 

With Java 2 SDK, the default value is ".", the current 
directory. To include any user classes, use the -classpath 
command line switch instead with java, javac, javadoc and 
other tools. This is the recommended approach because it 
doesn't force one CLASSPATH for all applications.
-OR- 
If you have applications that require CLASSPATH be set, keep 
those required user classes in CLASSPATH and include the 
current directory "." If you're no longer using JDK 1.1.x, 
remove classes.zip.