translatednandflash.c

at91sam9263操作NAND FLASH代码

/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *         ATMEL Microcontroller Software Support 
 * ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Copyright (c) 2008, Atmel Corporation
 *
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
 *
 * - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
 * this list of conditions and the disclaimer below.
 *
 * Atmel's name may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from
 * this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * DISCLAIMER: THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY ATMEL "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
 * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT ARE
 * DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL ATMEL BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA,
 * OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
 * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE,
 * EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 * ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//         Headers
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#include "TranslatedNandFlash.h"
#include <utility/trace.h>
#include <utility/assert.h>
#include <utility/math.h>

#include <string.h>

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//         Internal definitions
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/// Custom trace levels for the current file.
#define DEBUG                       trace_DEBUG
#define INFO                        trace_INFO
#define IMPORTANT                   trace_FATAL

/// Casts
#define MAPPED(translated)          ((struct MappedNandFlash *) translated)
#define MANAGED(translated)         ((struct ManagedNandFlash *) translated)
#define ECC(translated)             ((struct EccNandFlash *) translated)
#define RAW(translated)             ((struct RawNandFlash *) translated)
#define MODEL(translated)           ((struct NandFlashModel *) translated)

/// Minimum number of blocks that should be kept unallocated
#define MINNUMUNALLOCATEDBLOCKS     32

/// Maximum allowed erase count difference
#define MAXERASEDIFFERENCE          5

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//         Internal functions
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/// Returns 1 if there are enough free blocks to perform a single block
/// allocation; otherwise returns 0.
/// \param translated  Pointer to a TranslatedNandFlash instance.
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
static unsigned char BlockCanBeAllocated(
    const struct TranslatedNandFlash *translated)
{
    unsigned short count;

    // Count number of free and dirty blocks (unallocated blocks)
    count = ManagedNandFlash_CountBlocks(MANAGED(translated), NandBlockStatus_DIRTY)
            + ManagedNandFlash_CountBlocks(MANAGED(translated), NandBlockStatus_FREE);

    // Check that count is greater than minimum number of unallocated blocks
    if (count > MINNUMUNALLOCATEDBLOCKS) {

        return 1;
    }
    else {

        return 0;
    }
}

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/// Returns 1 if the given page inside the currently written block is clean (has
/// not been written yet); otherwise returns 0.
/// \param translated  Pointer to a TranslatedNandFlash instance.
/// \param page  Page number.
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
static unsigned char PageIsClean(
    const struct TranslatedNandFlash *translated,
    unsigned short page)
{
    ASSERT(page < NandFlashModel_GetBlockSizeInPages(MODEL(translated)),
           "PageIsClean: Page out-of-bounds\n\r");

    return ((translated->currentBlockPageStatuses[page / 8] >> (page % 8)) & 1) == 0;
}

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/// Marks the given page as being dirty (i.e. written).
/// \param translated  Pointer to a TranslatedNandFlash instance.
/// \param page  Page number.
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
static void MarkPageDirty(
    struct TranslatedNandFlash *translated,
    unsigned short page)
{
    ASSERT(page < NandFlashModel_GetBlockSizeInPages(MODEL(translated)),
           "PageIsClean: Page out-of-bounds\n\r");

    translated->currentBlockPageStatuses[page / 8] |= 1 << (page % 8);
}

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/// Marks all pages as being clean.
/// \param translated  Pointer to a TranslatedNandFlash instance.
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
static void MarkAllPagesClean(struct TranslatedNandFlash *translated)
{
    memset(translated->currentBlockPageStatuses, 0,
           sizeof(translated->currentBlockPageStatuses));
}

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/// Allocates the best-fitting physical block for the given logical block.
/// Returns 0 if successful; otherwise returns NandCommon_ERROR_NOBLOCKFOUND if
/// there are no more free blocks, or a NandCommon_ERROR code.
/// \param translated  Pointer to a TranslatedNandFlash instance.
/// \param block  Logical block number.
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
static unsigned char AllocateBlock(
    struct TranslatedNandFlash *translated,
    unsigned short block)
{
    unsigned short freeBlock, liveBlock;
    unsigned char error;
    signed int eraseDifference;

    trace_LOG(DEBUG, "Allocating a new block\n\r");

    // Find youngest free block and youngest live block
    if (ManagedNandFlash_FindYoungestBlock(MANAGED(translated),
                                           NandBlockStatus_FREE,
                                           &freeBlock)) {

        trace_LOG(trace_ERROR, "AllocateBlock: Could not find a free block\n\r");
        return NandCommon_ERROR_NOBLOCKFOUND;
    }

    // If this is the last free block, save the logical mapping in it and
    // clean dirty blocks
    trace_LOG(DEBUG, "Number of FREE blocks: %d\n\r",
              ManagedNandFlash_CountBlocks(MANAGED(translated), NandBlockStatus_FREE));
    if (ManagedNandFlash_CountBlocks(MANAGED(translated),
                                     NandBlockStatus_FREE) == 1) {

        // Save mapping and clean dirty blocks
        trace_LOG(DEBUG, "Last FREE block, cleaning up ...\n\r");

        error = MappedNandFlash_SaveLogicalMapping(MAPPED(translated), freeBlock);
        if (error) {

            trace_LOG(trace_ERROR, "AllocateBlock: Failed to save mapping\n\r");
            return error;
        }
        error = ManagedNandFlash_EraseDirtyBlocks(MANAGED(translated));
        if (error) {

            trace_LOG(trace_ERROR, "AllocatedBlock: Failed to erase dirty blocks\n\r");
            return error;
        }

        // Allocate new block
        return AllocateBlock(translated, block);
    }

    // Find youngest LIVE block to check the erase count difference
    if (!ManagedNandFlash_FindYoungestBlock(MANAGED(translated),
                                            NandBlockStatus_LIVE,
                                            &liveBlock)) {

        // Calculate erase count difference
        trace_LOG(DEBUG, "Free block erase count = %d\n\r", MANAGED(translated)->blockStatuses[freeBlock].eraseCount);
        trace_LOG(DEBUG, "Live block erase count = %d\n\r", MANAGED(translated)->blockStatuses[liveBlock].eraseCount);
        eraseDifference = abs(MANAGED(translated)->blockStatuses[freeBlock].eraseCount
                              - MANAGED(translated)->blockStatuses[liveBlock].eraseCount);

        // Check if it is too big
        if (eraseDifference > MAXERASEDIFFERENCE) {

            trace_LOG(IMPORTANT, "Erase difference too big, switching blocks\n\r");
            MappedNandFlash_Map(
                MAPPED(translated),
                MappedNandFlash_PhysicalToLogical(
                    MAPPED(translated),
                    liveBlock),
                freeBlock);
            ManagedNandFlash_CopyBlock(MANAGED(translated),
                                       liveBlock,
                                       freeBlock);

            // Allocate a new block
            return AllocateBlock(translated, block);
        }
    }

    // Map block
    trace_LOG(DEBUG, "Allocating PB#%d for LB#%d\n\r", freeBlock, block);
    MappedNandFlash_Map(MAPPED(translated), block, freeBlock);

    return 0;
}

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//         Exported functions
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/// Initializes a TranslatedNandFlash instance.
/// Returns 0 if successful; otherwise returns a NandCommon_ERROR_xxx code.
/// \param translated  Pointer to a TranslatedNandFlash instance.
/// \param model  Pointer to the underlying nand chip model. Can be 0.
/// \param commandAddress  Address at which commands are sent.
/// \param addressAddress  Address at which addresses are sent.
/// \param dataAddress  Address at which data is sent.
/// \param pinChipEnable  Pin controlling the CE signal of the NandFlash.
/// \param pinReadyBusy  Pin used to monitor the ready/busy signal of the Nand.
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
unsigned char TranslatedNandFlash_Initialize(
    struct TranslatedNandFlash *translated,
    const struct NandFlashModel *model,
    unsigned int commandAddress,
    unsigned int addressAddress,
    unsigned int dataAddress,
    const Pin pinChipEnable,
    const Pin pinReadyBusy)
{
    translated->currentLogicalBlock = -1;
    translated->previousPhysicalBlock = -1;
    MarkAllPagesClean(translated);

    // Initialize MappedNandFlash
    return MappedNandFlash_Initialize(MAPPED(translated),
                                      model,
                                      commandAddress,
                                      addressAddress,
                                      dataAddress,
                                      pinChipEnable,
                                      pinReadyBusy);
}

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/// Reads the data and/or the spare area of a page on a translated nandflash.
/// If the block is not currently mapped but could be (i.e. there are available
/// physical blocks), then the data/spare is filled with 0xFF.
/// Returns 0 if successful; otherwise returns NandCommon_ERROR_NOMOREBLOCKS
/// if no more block can be allocated, or a NandCommon_ERROR code.
/// \param translated  Pointer to a TranslatedNandFlash instance.
/// \param block  Logical block number.
/// \param page  Number of page to read inside logical block.
/// \param data  Data area buffer, can be 0.
/// \param spare  Spare area buffer, can be 0.
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
unsigned char TranslatedNandFlash_ReadPage(
    const struct TranslatedNandFlash *translated,
    unsigned short block,
    unsigned short page,
    void *data,
    void *spare)
{
    unsigned char error;

    trace_LOG(INFO, "TranslatedNandFlash_ReadPage(B#%d:P#%d)\n\r", block, page);

    // If the page to read is in the current block, there is a previous physical
    // block and the page is clean -> read the page in the old block since the
    // new one does not contain meaningful data