postinit.c

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/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * postinit.c
 *	  postgres initialization utilities
 *
 * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2008, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
 * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
 *
 *
 * IDENTIFICATION
 *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/init/postinit.c,v 1.180.2.1 2008/09/11 14:01:35 alvherre Exp $
 *
 *
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
#include "postgres.h"

#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include "access/heapam.h"
#include "access/xact.h"
#include "catalog/catalog.h"
#include "catalog/namespace.h"
#include "catalog/pg_authid.h"
#include "catalog/pg_database.h"
#include "catalog/pg_tablespace.h"
#include "libpq/hba.h"
#include "mb/pg_wchar.h"
#include "miscadmin.h"
#include "pgstat.h"
#include "postmaster/autovacuum.h"
#include "postmaster/postmaster.h"
#include "storage/backendid.h"
#include "storage/fd.h"
#include "storage/ipc.h"
#include "storage/proc.h"
#include "storage/procarray.h"
#include "storage/sinval.h"
#include "storage/smgr.h"
#include "utils/acl.h"
#include "utils/flatfiles.h"
#include "utils/guc.h"
#include "utils/plancache.h"
#include "utils/portal.h"
#include "utils/relcache.h"
#include "utils/tqual.h"
#include "utils/syscache.h"


static bool FindMyDatabase(const char *name, Oid *db_id, Oid *db_tablespace);
static bool FindMyDatabaseByOid(Oid dbid, char *dbname, Oid *db_tablespace);
static void CheckMyDatabase(const char *name, bool am_superuser);
static void InitCommunication(void);
static void ShutdownPostgres(int code, Datum arg);
static bool ThereIsAtLeastOneRole(void);


/*** InitPostgres support ***/


/*
 * FindMyDatabase -- get the critical info needed to locate my database
 *
 * Find the named database in pg_database, return its database OID and the
 * OID of its default tablespace.  Return TRUE if found, FALSE if not.
 *
 * Since we are not yet up and running as a backend, we cannot look directly
 * at pg_database (we can't obtain locks nor participate in transactions).
 * So to get the info we need before starting up, we must look at the "flat
 * file" copy of pg_database that is helpfully maintained by flatfiles.c.
 * This is subject to various race conditions, so after we have the
 * transaction infrastructure started, we have to recheck the information;
 * see InitPostgres.
 */
static bool
FindMyDatabase(const char *name, Oid *db_id, Oid *db_tablespace)
{
	bool		result = false;
	char	   *filename;
	FILE	   *db_file;
	char		thisname[NAMEDATALEN];
	TransactionId db_frozenxid;

	filename = database_getflatfilename();
	db_file = AllocateFile(filename, "r");
	if (db_file == NULL)
		ereport(FATAL,
				(errcode_for_file_access(),
				 errmsg("could not open file \"%s\": %m", filename)));

	while (read_pg_database_line(db_file, thisname, db_id,
								 db_tablespace, &db_frozenxid))
	{
		if (strcmp(thisname, name) == 0)
		{
			result = true;
			break;
		}
	}

	FreeFile(db_file);
	pfree(filename);

	return result;
}

/*
 * FindMyDatabaseByOid
 *
 * As above, but the actual database Id is known.  Return its name and the
 * tablespace OID.	Return TRUE if found, FALSE if not.  The same restrictions
 * as FindMyDatabase apply.
 */
static bool
FindMyDatabaseByOid(Oid dbid, char *dbname, Oid *db_tablespace)
{
	bool		result = false;
	char	   *filename;
	FILE	   *db_file;
	Oid			db_id;
	char		thisname[NAMEDATALEN];
	TransactionId db_frozenxid;

	filename = database_getflatfilename();
	db_file = AllocateFile(filename, "r");
	if (db_file == NULL)
		ereport(FATAL,
				(errcode_for_file_access(),
				 errmsg("could not open file \"%s\": %m", filename)));

	while (read_pg_database_line(db_file, thisname, &db_id,
								 db_tablespace, &db_frozenxid))
	{
		if (dbid == db_id)
		{
			result = true;
			strlcpy(dbname, thisname, NAMEDATALEN);
			break;
		}
	}

	FreeFile(db_file);
	pfree(filename);

	return result;
}


/*
 * CheckMyDatabase -- fetch information from the pg_database entry for our DB
 */
static void
CheckMyDatabase(const char *name, bool am_superuser)
{
	HeapTuple	tup;
	Form_pg_database dbform;

	/* Fetch our real pg_database row */
	tup = SearchSysCache(DATABASEOID,
						 ObjectIdGetDatum(MyDatabaseId),
						 0, 0, 0);
	if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tup))
		elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for database %u", MyDatabaseId);
	dbform = (Form_pg_database) GETSTRUCT(tup);

	/* This recheck is strictly paranoia */
	if (strcmp(name, NameStr(dbform->datname)) != 0)
		ereport(FATAL,
				(errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_DATABASE),
				 errmsg("database \"%s\" has disappeared from pg_database",
						name),
				 errdetail("Database OID %u now seems to belong to \"%s\".",
						   MyDatabaseId, NameStr(dbform->datname))));

	/*
	 * Check permissions to connect to the database.
	 *
	 * These checks are not enforced when in standalone mode, so that there is
	 * a way to recover from disabling all access to all databases, for
	 * example "UPDATE pg_database SET datallowconn = false;".
	 *
	 * We do not enforce them for the autovacuum worker processes either.
	 */
	if (IsUnderPostmaster && !IsAutoVacuumWorkerProcess())
	{
		/*
		 * Check that the database is currently allowing connections.
		 */
		if (!dbform->datallowconn)
			ereport(FATAL,
					(errcode(ERRCODE_OBJECT_NOT_IN_PREREQUISITE_STATE),
			 errmsg("database \"%s\" is not currently accepting connections",
					name)));

		/*
		 * Check privilege to connect to the database.	(The am_superuser test
		 * is redundant, but since we have the flag, might as well check it
		 * and save a few cycles.)
		 */
		if (!am_superuser &&
			pg_database_aclcheck(MyDatabaseId, GetUserId(),
								 ACL_CONNECT) != ACLCHECK_OK)
			ereport(FATAL,
					(errcode(ERRCODE_INSUFFICIENT_PRIVILEGE),
					 errmsg("permission denied for database \"%s\"", name),
					 errdetail("User does not have CONNECT privilege.")));

		/*
		 * Check connection limit for this database.
		 *
		 * There is a race condition here --- we create our PGPROC before
		 * checking for other PGPROCs.	If two backends did this at about the
		 * same time, they might both think they were over the limit, while
		 * ideally one should succeed and one fail.  Getting that to work
		 * exactly seems more trouble than it is worth, however; instead we
		 * just document that the connection limit is approximate.
		 */
		if (dbform->datconnlimit >= 0 &&
			!am_superuser &&
			CountDBBackends(MyDatabaseId) > dbform->datconnlimit)
			ereport(FATAL,
					(errcode(ERRCODE_TOO_MANY_CONNECTIONS),
					 errmsg("too many connections for database \"%s\"",
							name)));
	}

	/*
	 * OK, we're golden.  Next to-do item is to save the encoding info out of
	 * the pg_database tuple.
	 */
	SetDatabaseEncoding(dbform->encoding);
	/* Record it as a GUC internal option, too */
	SetConfigOption("server_encoding", GetDatabaseEncodingName(),
					PGC_INTERNAL, PGC_S_OVERRIDE);
	/* If we have no other source of client_encoding, use server encoding */
	SetConfigOption("client_encoding", GetDatabaseEncodingName(),
					PGC_BACKEND, PGC_S_DEFAULT);

	/*
	 * Lastly, set up any database-specific configuration variables.
	 */
	if (IsUnderPostmaster)
	{
		Datum		datum;
		bool		isnull;

		datum = SysCacheGetAttr(DATABASEOID, tup, Anum_pg_database_datconfig,
								&isnull);
		if (!isnull)
		{
			ArrayType  *a = DatumGetArrayTypeP(datum);

			/*
			 * We process all the options at SUSET level.  We assume that the
			 * right to insert an option into pg_database was checked when it
			 * was inserted.
			 */
			ProcessGUCArray(a, PGC_SUSET, PGC_S_DATABASE, GUC_ACTION_SET);
		}
	}

	ReleaseSysCache(tup);
}



/* --------------------------------
 *		InitCommunication
 *
 *		This routine initializes stuff needed for ipc, locking, etc.
 *		it should be called something more informative.
 * --------------------------------
 */
static void
InitCommunication(void)
{
	/*
	 * initialize shared memory and semaphores appropriately.
	 */
	if (!IsUnderPostmaster)		/* postmaster already did this */
	{
		/*
		 * We're running a postgres bootstrap process or a standalone backend.
		 * Create private "shmem" and semaphores.
		 */
		CreateSharedMemoryAndSemaphores(true, 0);
	}
}


/*
 * Early initialization of a backend (either standalone or under postmaster).
 * This happens even before InitPostgres.
 *
 * If you're wondering why this is separate from InitPostgres at all:
 * the critical distinction is that this stuff has to happen before we can
 * run XLOG-related initialization, which is done before InitPostgres --- in
 * fact, for cases such as checkpoint creation processes, InitPostgres may
 * never be done at all.
 */
void
BaseInit(void)
{
	/*
	 * Attach to shared memory and semaphores, and initialize our
	 * input/output/debugging file descriptors.
	 */
	InitCommunication();
	DebugFileOpen();

	/* Do local initialization of file, storage and buffer managers */
	InitFileAccess();
	smgrinit();
	InitBufferPoolAccess();
}


/* --------------------------------
 * InitPostgres
 *		Initialize POSTGRES.
 *
 * The database can be specified by name, using the in_dbname parameter, or by
 * OID, using the dboid parameter.	In the latter case, the computed database
 * name is passed out to the caller as a palloc'ed string in out_dbname.
 *
 * In bootstrap mode no parameters are used.
 *
 * The return value indicates whether the userID is a superuser.  (That
 * can only be tested inside a transaction, so we want to do it during
 * the startup transaction rather than doing a separate one in postgres.c.)