pg_ctl-ref.sgml

postgresql8.3.4源码,开源数据库

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<refentry id="app-pg-ctl">
 <refmeta>
  <refentrytitle id="app-pg-ctl-title"><application>pg_ctl</application></refentrytitle>
  <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
  <refmiscinfo>Application</refmiscinfo>
 </refmeta>

 <refnamediv>
  <refname>pg_ctl</refname>
  <refpurpose>start, stop, or restart a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> server</refpurpose>
 </refnamediv>

 <indexterm zone="app-pg-ctl">
  <primary>pg_ctl</primary>
 </indexterm>

 <refsynopsisdiv>
  <cmdsynopsis>

   <command>pg_ctl</command>
   <arg choice="plain">start</arg>
   <arg>-w</arg>
   <arg>-t <replaceable>seconds</replaceable></arg>
   <arg>-s</arg>
   <arg>-D <replaceable>datadir</replaceable></arg>
   <arg>-l <replaceable>filename</replaceable></arg>
   <arg>-o <replaceable>options</replaceable></arg>
   <arg>-p <replaceable>path</replaceable></arg>
   <arg>-c</arg>
   <sbr>

   <command>pg_ctl</command>
   <arg choice="plain">stop</arg>
   <arg>-W</arg>
   <arg>-t <replaceable>seconds</replaceable></arg>
   <arg>-s</arg>
   <arg>-D <replaceable>datadir</replaceable></arg>
   <arg>-m
     <group choice="plain">
       <arg>s[mart]</arg>
       <arg>f[ast]</arg>
       <arg>i[mmediate]</arg>
     </group>
   </arg>
   <sbr>

   <command>pg_ctl</command>
   <arg choice="plain">restart</arg>
   <arg>-w</arg>
   <arg>-t <replaceable>seconds</replaceable></arg>
   <arg>-s</arg>
   <arg>-D <replaceable>datadir</replaceable></arg>
   <arg>-c</arg>
   <arg>-m
     <group choice="plain">
       <arg>s[mart]</arg>
       <arg>f[ast]</arg>
       <arg>i[mmediate]</arg>
     </group>
   </arg>
   <arg>-o <replaceable>options</replaceable></arg>
   <sbr>

   <command>pg_ctl</command>
   <arg choice="plain">reload</arg>
   <arg>-s</arg>
   <arg>-D <replaceable>datadir</replaceable></arg>
   <sbr>

   <command>pg_ctl</command>
   <arg choice="plain">status</arg>
   <arg>-D <replaceable>datadir</replaceable></arg>
   <sbr>

   <command>pg_ctl</command>
   <arg choice="plain">kill</arg>
   <arg><replaceable>signal_name</replaceable></arg>
   <arg><replaceable>process_id</replaceable></arg>
   <sbr>

   <command>pg_ctl</command>
   <arg choice="plain">register</arg>
   <arg>-N <replaceable>servicename</replaceable></arg>
   <arg>-U <replaceable>username</replaceable></arg>
   <arg>-P <replaceable>password</replaceable></arg>
   <arg>-D <replaceable>datadir</replaceable></arg>
   <arg>-w</arg>
   <arg>-t <replaceable>seconds</replaceable></arg>
   <arg>-o <replaceable>options</replaceable></arg>
   <sbr>

   <command>pg_ctl</command>
   <arg choice="plain">unregister</arg>
   <arg>-N <replaceable>servicename</replaceable></arg>

  </cmdsynopsis>
 </refsynopsisdiv>


 <refsect1 id="app-pg-ctl-description">
  <title>Description</title>
  <para>
   <application>pg_ctl</application> is a utility for starting,
   stopping, or restarting the <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>
   backend server (<xref linkend="app-postgres">), or displaying the
   status of a running server.  Although the server can be started
   manually, <application>pg_ctl</application> encapsulates tasks such
   as redirecting log output and properly detaching from the terminal
   and process group. It also provides convenient options for
   controlled shutdown.
  </para>

  <para>
   In <option>start</option> mode, a new server is launched.  The
   server is started in the background, and standard input is attached to
   <filename>/dev/null</filename>.  The standard output and standard
   error are either appended to a log file (if the <option>-l</option>
   option is used), or redirected to <application>pg_ctl</application>'s 
   standard output (not standard error).  If no log file is chosen, the 
   standard output of <application>pg_ctl</application> should be redirected 
   to a file or piped to another process such as a log rotating program
   like <application>rotatelogs</>; otherwise <command>postgres</command> 
   will write its output to the controlling terminal (from the background) 
   and will not leave the shell's process group.
  </para>

  <para>
   In <option>stop</option> mode, the server that is running in
   the specified data directory is shut down.  Three different
   shutdown methods can be selected with the <option>-m</option>
   option: <quote>Smart</quote> mode waits for all the clients to
   disconnect.  This is the default.  <quote>Fast</quote> mode does
   not wait for clients to disconnect.  All active transactions are
   rolled back and clients are forcibly disconnected, then the
   server is shut down.  <quote>Immediate</quote> mode will abort
   all server processes without a clean shutdown.  This will lead to 
   a recovery run on restart.
  </para>

  <para>
   <option>restart</option> mode effectively executes a stop followed
   by a start.  This allows changing the <command>postgres</command>
   command-line options.
  </para>

  <para>
   <option>reload</option> mode simply sends the
   <command>postgres</command> process a <systemitem>SIGHUP</>
   signal, causing it to reread its configuration files
   (<filename>postgresql.conf</filename>,
   <filename>pg_hba.conf</filename>, etc.).  This allows changing of
   configuration-file options that do not require a complete restart
   to take effect.
  </para>

  <para>
   <option>status</option> mode checks whether a server is running in
   the specified data directory. If it is, the <acronym>PID</acronym>
   and the command line options that were used to invoke it are
   displayed.
  </para>

  <para>
   <option>kill</option> mode allows you to send a signal to a specified
    process.  This is particularly valuable for <productname>Microsoft Windows</>
    which does not have a <application>kill</> command.  Use 
    <literal>--help</> to see a list of supported signal names.
  </para>

  <para>
   <option>register</option> mode allows you to register a system service
   on <productname>Microsoft Windows</>.
  </para>

  <para>
   <option>unregister</option> mode allows you to unregister a system service
   on <productname>Microsoft Windows</>, previously registered with the
   <option>register</option> command.
  </para>
 </refsect1>

 <refsect1 id="app-pg-ctl-options">
  <title>Options</title>

    <variablelist>

     <varlistentry>
      <term><option>-c</option></term>
      <listitem>
       <para>
        Attempt to allow server crashes to produce core files, on platforms
        where this available, by lifting any soft resource limit placed on 
        them. 
        This is useful in debugging or diagnosing problems by allowing a 
        stack trace to be obtained from a failed server process.
       </para>
      </listitem>
     </varlistentry>

     <varlistentry>
      <term><option>-D <replaceable class="parameter">datadir</replaceable></option></term>
      <listitem>
       <para>
        Specifies the file system location of the database files.  If
        this is omitted, the environment variable
        <envar>PGDATA</envar> is used.
       </para>
      </listitem>
     </varlistentry>

     <varlistentry>
      <term><option>-l <replaceable class="parameter">filename</replaceable></option></term>
      <listitem>
       <para>
        Append the server log output to
        <replaceable>filename</replaceable>.  If the file does not
        exist, it is created.  The <systemitem>umask</> is set to 077, so access to
        the log file from other users is disallowed by default.
       </para>
      </listitem>
     </varlistentry>

     <varlistentry>
      <term><option>-m <replaceable class="parameter">mode</replaceable></option></term>
      <listitem>
       <para>
        Specifies the shutdown mode.  <replaceable>mode</replaceable>
        can be <literal>smart</literal>, <literal>fast</literal>, or
        <literal>immediate</literal>, or the first letter of one of
        these three.
       </para>
      </listitem>
     </varlistentry>

     <varlistentry>
      <term><option>-o <replaceable class="parameter">options</replaceable></option></term>
      <listitem>
       <para>
        Specifies options to be passed directly to the
        <command>postgres</command> command.
       </para>
       <para>
        The options are usually surrounded by single or double
        quotes to ensure that they are passed through as a group.
       </para>
      </listitem>
     </varlistentry>

     <varlistentry>
      <term><option>-p <replaceable class="parameter">path</replaceable></option></term>
      <listitem>
       <para>
        Specifies the location of the <filename>postgres</filename>
        executable.  By default the <filename>postgres</filename> executable is taken from the same
        directory as <command>pg_ctl</command>, or failing that, the hard-wired
        installation directory.  It is not necessary to use this
        option unless you are doing something unusual and get errors
        that the <filename>postgres</filename> executable was not found.
       </para>
      </listitem>
     </varlistentry>

     <varlistentry>
      <term><option>-s</option></term>
      <listitem>
       <para>
        Only print errors, no informational messages.
       </para>
      </listitem>
     </varlistentry>

     <varlistentry>
      <term><option>-t</option></term>
      <listitem>
       <para>
        The number of seconds to wait when waiting for start or shutdown
        to complete.