dynamic_regexes.qbk

来自「Boost provides free peer-reviewed portab」· QBK 代码 · 共 65 行

[/
 / Copyright (c) 2008 Eric Niebler
 /
 / Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
 / file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
 /]

[section Dynamic Regexes]

[h2 Overview]

Static regexes are dandy, but sometimes you need something a bit more ... dynamic. Imagine you are developing
a text editor with a regex search/replace feature. You need to accept a regular expression from the end user
as input at run-time. There should be a way to parse a string into a regular expression. That's what xpressive's
dynamic regexes are for. They are built from the same core components as their static counterparts, but they
are late-bound so you can specify them at run-time.

[h2 Construction and Assignment]

There are two ways to create a dynamic regex: with the _regex_compile_
function or with the _regex_compiler_ class template. Use _regex_compile_
if you want the default locale. Use _regex_compiler_ if you need to
specify a different locale. In the section on
[link boost_xpressive.user_s_guide.grammars_and_nested_matches regex grammars],
we'll see another use for _regex_compiler_.

Here is an example of using `basic_regex<>::compile()`:

    sregex re = sregex::compile( "this|that", regex_constants::icase );

Here is the same example using _regex_compiler_:

    sregex_compiler compiler;
    sregex re = compiler.compile( "this|that", regex_constants::icase );

_regex_compile_ is implemented in terms of _regex_compiler_.

[h2 Dynamic xpressive Syntax]

Since the dynamic syntax is not constrained by the rules for valid C++ expressions, we are free to use familiar
syntax for dynamic regexes. For this reason, the syntax used by xpressive for dynamic regexes follows the
lead set by John Maddock's [@http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2003/n1429.htm proposal]
to add regular expressions to the Standard Library. It is essentially the syntax standardized by
[@http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/files/ECMA-ST/Ecma-262.pdf ECMAScript], with minor changes
in support of internationalization.

Since the syntax is documented exhaustively elsewhere, I will simply refer you to the existing standards, rather
than duplicate the specification here.

[h2 Internationalization]

As with static regexes, dynamic regexes support internationalization by allowing you to specify a different
`std::locale`. To do this, you must use _regex_compiler_. The _regex_compiler_ class has an `imbue()` function.
After you have imbued a _regex_compiler_ object with a custom `std::locale`, all regex objects compiled by
that _regex_compiler_ will use that locale. For example:

    std::locale my_locale = /* initialize your locale object here */;
    sregex_compiler compiler;
    compiler.imbue( my_locale );
    sregex re = compiler.compile( "\\w+|\\d+" );

This regex will use `my_locale` when evaluating the intrinsic character sets `"\\w"` and `"\\d"`.

[endsect]