useradd.8

pwdutils是一套密码管理工具

.\" -*- nroff -*-
.\" Copyright (C) 2003, 2005 Thorsten Kukuk
.\" Author: Thorsten Kukuk <[e-mail]>
.\"
.\" This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
.\" it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
.\" published by the Free Software Foundation.
.\"
.\" This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
.\" but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
.\" MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
.\" GNU General Public License for more details.
.\"
.\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
.\" along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
.\" Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
.\"
.TH useradd 8 "April 2005" "pwdutils"
.SH NAME
useradd \- create a new user account
.SH SYNOPSIS
.TP 8
\fBuseradd\fR [\fB-D \fIbinddn\fR] [\fB-P \fIpath\fR] [\fB-c \fIcomment\fR] [\fB-d \fIhomedir\fR]
.br
[\fB-e \fIexpire\fR] [\fB-f \fIinactive\fR] [\fB-G \fIgroup,...\fR] [\fB-g \fIgid\fR]
.br
[\fB-m \fR[\fB-k \fIskeldir\fR]] [\fB-o\fR] [\fB-p \fIpassword\fR] [\fB-u \fRuid\fR]
.br
[\fB-r\fR] [\fB-s \fIshell\fR] [\fB--service \fIservice\fR] [\fB--help\fR]
.br
[\fB--usage\fR] [\fB-v\fR] \fIaccount\fR
.TP 8
\fBuseradd\fR \fB--show-defaults\fR
.TP 8
\fBuseradd\fR \fB--save-defaults\fR [\fB-d \fIhomedir\fR] [\fB-e \fIexpire\fR] [\fB-f \fIinactive\fR]
[\fB-g \fIgid\fR] [\fB-G \fIgroup,...\fR] [\fB-k \fIskeldir\fR] [\fB-s \fIshell\fR]
.SH DESCRIPTION
\fBuseradd\fR creates a new user account using the default values
from \fI/etc/default/useradd\fR and the specified on the command line.
Depending on the command line options the new account will be added to
the system files or LDAP database, the home directory will be created
and the initial default files and directories will be copied.

The account name must begin with an alphabetic character and the rest
of the string should be from the POSIX portable character class
([A-Za-z_][A-Za-z0-9_-.]*[A-Za-z0-9_-.$]).
.SH OPTIONS
.TP
.BI "\-c, \-\-comment" " comment"
This option specifies the users finger information.
.TP
.BI "\-d, \-\-home" " homedir"
This option specifies the users home directory.
If not specified, the default from \fI/etc/default/useradd\fR is used.
.TP
.BI "\-e, \-\-expire" " expire"
With this option the date when the account will be expired can
be changed. \fIexpiredate\fR has to be specified as number of
days since January 1st, 1970. The date may also be expressed in
the format YYYY-MM-DD.
If not specified, the default from \fI/etc/default/useradd\fR is used.
.TP
.BI "\-f, \-\-inactive" " inactive"
This option is used to set the number of days of inactivity after
a password has expired before the account is locked. A user whose
account is locked must contact the system  administrator before
being able to use the account again.
A value of -1 disables this feature.
If not specified, the default from \fI/etc/default/useradd\fR is used.
.TP
.BI "\-G, \-\-groups" " group,..."
With this option a list of supplementary groups can be specified,
which the user should become a member of. Each group is separated
from the next one only by a comma, without whitespace.
If not specified, the default from \fI/etc/default/useradd\fR is used.
.TP
.BI "\-g, \-\-gid" " gid"
The group name or number of the user's main group. The group name
or number must refer to an already existing group.
If not specified, the default from \fI/etc/default/useradd\fR is used.
.TP
.BI "\-k, \-\-skel" " skeldir"
Specify an alternative skel directory. This option is only valid,
if the home directory for the new user should be created, too.
If not specified, the default from \fI/etc/default/useradd\fR or
\fI/etc/skel\fR is used.
.TP
.B "\-m, \-\-create-home"
Create home directory for new user account.
.TP
.B "\-o, \-\-non-unique"
Allow duplicate (non-unique) User IDs.
.TP
.BI "\-p, \-\-password" " password"
Encrypted password as returned by
.BR crypt (3)
for the new account. The default is to disable the account.
.TP
.BI "\-u, \-\-uid" " uid"
Force the new userid to be the given number. This value must be
positive and unique. The default is to use the first free ID after
the greatest used one. The range from which the user ID is choosen
can be specified in \fI/etc/login.defs\fR.
.TP
.B "\-r, \-\-system"
Create a system account. A system account is an user with an UID
between SYSTEM_UID_MIN and SYSTEM_UID_MAX as defined in
\fI/etc/login.defs\fR, if no UID is specified. The GROUPS entry
in \fI/etc/default/useradd\fR is ignored, too.
.TP
.B "\-s, \-\-shell" " shell"
Specify user's login shell. The default for normal user accounts
is taken from \fI/etc/default/useradd/\fR, the default for system
accounts is \fI/bin/false\fR.
.TP
.BI "\-\-service" " service"
Add the account to a special directory. The default is \fIfiles\fR,
but \fIldap\fR is also valid.
.TP
.BI "\-D, \-\-binddn" " binddn"
Use the Distinguished Name binddn to bind to the LDAP directory.
The user will be prompted for a password for simple authentication.
.TP
.BI "\-P, \-\-path" " path"
The \fIpasswd\fR and \fIshadow\fR files are located below
the specified directory path. \fBuseradd\fR will use this files,
not \fI/etc/passwd\fR and \fI/etc/shadow\fR.
.TP
.B "\-\-help"
Print a list of valid options with a short description.
.TP
.B "\-\-usage"
Print a short list of valid options.
.TP
.B "\-v, \-\-version"
Print the version number and exit.
.SH FILES
/etc/passwd \- user account information
.br
/etc/shadow \- shadow user account information
.br
/etc/group \- group information
.br
/etc/default/useradd \- default values for account creation
.br
/etc/skel \- directory containing default files
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR passwd (1),
.BR login.defs (5),
.BR passwd (5),
.BR shadow (5),
.BR userdel (8),
.BR usermod (8)
.SH AUTHOR
Thorsten Kukuk <[e-mail]>