parser.java

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/*
 * Copyright 2004-2008 H2 Group. Licensed under the H2 License, Version 1.0
 * (http://h2database.com/html/license.html).
 * Initial Developer: H2 Group
 */
package org.h2.command;

import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.text.Collator;
import java.util.HashSet;

import org.h2.api.Trigger;
import org.h2.command.ddl.AlterIndexRename;
import org.h2.command.ddl.AlterTableAddConstraint;
import org.h2.command.ddl.AlterTableAlterColumn;
import org.h2.command.ddl.AlterTableDropConstraint;
import org.h2.command.ddl.AlterTableRename;
import org.h2.command.ddl.AlterTableRenameColumn;
import org.h2.command.ddl.AlterUser;
import org.h2.command.ddl.AlterView;
import org.h2.command.ddl.Analyze;
import org.h2.command.ddl.CreateAggregate;
import org.h2.command.ddl.CreateConstant;
import org.h2.command.ddl.CreateFunctionAlias;
import org.h2.command.ddl.CreateIndex;
import org.h2.command.ddl.CreateLinkedTable;
import org.h2.command.ddl.CreateRole;
import org.h2.command.ddl.CreateSchema;
import org.h2.command.ddl.CreateSequence;
import org.h2.command.ddl.CreateTable;
import org.h2.command.ddl.CreateTrigger;
import org.h2.command.ddl.CreateUser;
import org.h2.command.ddl.CreateUserDataType;
import org.h2.command.ddl.CreateView;
import org.h2.command.ddl.DeallocateProcedure;
import org.h2.command.ddl.DropAggregate;
import org.h2.command.ddl.DropConstant;
import org.h2.command.ddl.DropDatabase;
import org.h2.command.ddl.DropFunctionAlias;
import org.h2.command.ddl.DropIndex;
import org.h2.command.ddl.DropRole;
import org.h2.command.ddl.DropSchema;
import org.h2.command.ddl.DropSequence;
import org.h2.command.ddl.DropTable;
import org.h2.command.ddl.DropTrigger;
import org.h2.command.ddl.DropUser;
import org.h2.command.ddl.DropUserDataType;
import org.h2.command.ddl.DropView;
import org.h2.command.ddl.GrantRevoke;
import org.h2.command.ddl.PrepareProcedure;
import org.h2.command.ddl.SetComment;
import org.h2.command.ddl.TruncateTable;
import org.h2.command.dml.AlterSequence;
import org.h2.command.dml.AlterTableSet;
import org.h2.command.dml.BackupCommand;
import org.h2.command.dml.Call;
import org.h2.command.dml.Delete;
import org.h2.command.dml.ExecuteProcedure;
import org.h2.command.dml.ExplainPlan;
import org.h2.command.dml.Insert;
import org.h2.command.dml.Merge;
import org.h2.command.dml.NoOperation;
import org.h2.command.dml.Query;
import org.h2.command.dml.RunScriptCommand;
import org.h2.command.dml.ScriptCommand;
import org.h2.command.dml.Select;
import org.h2.command.dml.SelectOrderBy;
import org.h2.command.dml.SelectUnion;
import org.h2.command.dml.Set;
import org.h2.command.dml.SetTypes;
import org.h2.command.dml.TransactionCommand;
import org.h2.command.dml.Update;
import org.h2.constant.ErrorCode;
import org.h2.constant.SysProperties;
import org.h2.constraint.ConstraintReferential;
import org.h2.engine.Constants;
import org.h2.engine.Database;
import org.h2.engine.DbObject;
import org.h2.engine.FunctionAlias;
import org.h2.engine.Procedure;
import org.h2.engine.Right;
import org.h2.engine.Session;
import org.h2.engine.Setting;
import org.h2.engine.User;
import org.h2.engine.UserAggregate;
import org.h2.engine.UserDataType;
import org.h2.expression.Aggregate;
import org.h2.expression.Alias;
import org.h2.expression.CompareLike;
import org.h2.expression.Comparison;
import org.h2.expression.ConditionAndOr;
import org.h2.expression.ConditionExists;
import org.h2.expression.ConditionIn;
import org.h2.expression.ConditionInSelect;
import org.h2.expression.ConditionNot;
import org.h2.expression.Expression;
import org.h2.expression.ExpressionColumn;
import org.h2.expression.ExpressionList;
import org.h2.expression.Function;
import org.h2.expression.FunctionCall;
import org.h2.expression.JavaAggregate;
import org.h2.expression.JavaFunction;
import org.h2.expression.Operation;
import org.h2.expression.Parameter;
import org.h2.expression.Rownum;
import org.h2.expression.SequenceValue;
import org.h2.expression.Subquery;
import org.h2.expression.TableFunction;
import org.h2.expression.ValueExpression;
import org.h2.expression.Variable;
import org.h2.expression.Wildcard;
import org.h2.index.Index;
import org.h2.message.Message;
import org.h2.result.SortOrder;
import org.h2.schema.Schema;
import org.h2.schema.Sequence;
import org.h2.table.Column;
import org.h2.table.FunctionTable;
import org.h2.table.IndexColumn;
import org.h2.table.RangeTable;
import org.h2.table.Table;
import org.h2.table.TableData;
import org.h2.table.TableFilter;
import org.h2.table.TableView;
import org.h2.util.ByteUtils;
import org.h2.util.MathUtils;
import org.h2.util.ObjectArray;
import org.h2.util.StringCache;
import org.h2.util.StringUtils;
import org.h2.value.CompareMode;
import org.h2.value.DataType;
import org.h2.value.Value;
import org.h2.value.ValueBoolean;
import org.h2.value.ValueBytes;
import org.h2.value.ValueDate;
import org.h2.value.ValueDecimal;
import org.h2.value.ValueInt;
import org.h2.value.ValueString;
import org.h2.value.ValueTime;
import org.h2.value.ValueTimestamp;

/**
 * The parser is used to convert a SQL statement string to an command object.
 */
public class Parser {

    // used during the tokenizer phase
    private static final int CHAR_END = -1, CHAR_VALUE = 2, CHAR_QUOTED = 3;
    private static final int CHAR_NAME = 4, CHAR_SPECIAL_1 = 5, CHAR_SPECIAL_2 = 6;
    private static final int CHAR_STRING = 7, CHAR_DECIMAL = 8;

    // this are token types
    private static final int KEYWORD = 1, IDENTIFIER = 2, PARAMETER = 3, END = 4, VALUE = 5;
    private static final int EQUAL = 6, BIGGER_EQUAL = 7, BIGGER = 8;
    private static final int SMALLER = 9, SMALLER_EQUAL = 10, NOT_EQUAL = 11, AT = 12;
    private static final int MINUS = 17, PLUS = 18;
    private static final int STRING_CONCAT = 22;
    private static final int OPEN = 31, CLOSE = 32, NULL = 34, TRUE = 40, FALSE = 41;

    private static final int CURRENT_TIMESTAMP = 42, CURRENT_DATE = 43, CURRENT_TIME = 44, ROWNUM = 45;

    private final Database database;
    private final Session session;

    private int[] characterTypes;
    private int currentTokenType;
    private String currentToken;
    private boolean currentTokenQuoted;
    private Value currentValue;
    private String sqlCommand, originalSQL;
    private char[] sqlCommandChars;
    private int lastParseIndex;
    private int parseIndex;
    private Prepared prepared;
    private Prepared currentPrepared;
    private Select currentSelect;
    private ObjectArray parameters;
    private String schemaName;
    private ObjectArray expected;
    private boolean rightsChecked;
    private boolean recompileAlways;
    private ObjectArray indexedParameterList;

    public Parser(Session session) {
        this.session = session;
        database = session.getDatabase();
    }

    /**
     * Parse the statement and prepare it for execution.
     * 
     * @param sql the SQL statement to parse
     * @return the prepared object
     */
    public Prepared prepare(String sql) throws SQLException {
        try {
            Prepared p = parse(sql);
            p.prepare();
            return p;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw Message.convert(e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Parse the statement, but don't prepare it for execution.
     * 
     * @param sql the SQL statement to parse
     * @return the prepared object
     */
    public Prepared parseOnly(String sql) throws SQLException {
        try {
            return parse(sql);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw Message.convert(e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Parse a statement or a list of statements, and prepare it for execution.
     * 
     * @param sql the SQL statement to parse
     * @return the command object
     */
    public Command prepareCommand(String sql) throws SQLException {
        try {
            Prepared p = parse(sql);
            p.prepare();
            Command c = new CommandContainer(this, sql, p);
            p.setCommand(c);
            if (isToken(";")) {
                String remaining = originalSQL.substring(parseIndex);
                if (remaining.trim().length() != 0) {
                    CommandList list = new CommandList(this, sql, c, remaining);
                    // list.addCommand(c);
                    // do {
                    // c = parseCommand();
                    // list.addCommand(c);
                    // } while(currentToken.equals(";"));
                    c = list;
                }
            } else if (currentTokenType != END) {
                throw getSyntaxError();
            }
            return c;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw Message.addSQL(Message.convert(e), this.originalSQL);
        }
    }

    private Prepared parse(String sql) throws SQLException {
        Prepared p;
        try {
            // first, try the fast variant
            p = parse(sql, false);
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            if (e.getErrorCode() == ErrorCode.SYNTAX_ERROR_1) {
                // now, get the detailed exception
                p = parse(sql, true);
            } else {
                throw Message.addSQL(e, sql);
            }
        }
        p.setPrepareAlways(recompileAlways);
        p.setParameterList(parameters);
        return p;
    }

    private Prepared parse(String sql, boolean withExpectedList) throws SQLException {
        initialize(sql);
        if (withExpectedList) {
            expected = new ObjectArray();
        } else {
            expected = null;
        }
        parameters = new ObjectArray();
        currentSelect = null;
        currentPrepared = null;
        prepared = null;
        recompileAlways = false;
        indexedParameterList = null;
        read();
        return parsePrepared();
    }

    private Prepared parsePrepared() throws SQLException {
        int start = lastParseIndex;
        Prepared c = null;
        String token = currentToken;
        if (token.length() == 0) {
            c = new NoOperation(session);
        } else {
            char first = token.charAt(0);
            switch (first) {
            case '(':
                c = parseSelect();
                break;
            case 'A':
                if (readIf("ALTER")) {
                    c = parseAlter();
                } else if (readIf("ANALYZE")) {
                    c = parseAnalyze();
                }
                break;
            case 'B':
                if (readIf("BACKUP")) {
                    c = parseBackup();
                } else if (readIf("BEGIN")) {
                    c = parseBegin();
                }
                break;
            case 'C':
                if (readIf("COMMIT")) {
                    c = parseCommit();
                } else if (readIf("CREATE")) {
                    c = parseCreate();
                } else if (readIf("CALL")) {
                    c = parserCall();
                } else if (readIf("CHECKPOINT")) {
                    c = parseCheckpoint();
                } else if (readIf("COMMENT")) {
                    c = parseComment();
                }
                break;
            case 'D':
                if (readIf("DELETE")) {
                    c = parseDelete();
                } else if (readIf("DROP")) {
                    c = parseDrop();
                } else if (readIf("DECLARE")) {
                    // support for DECLARE GLOBAL TEMPORARY TABLE...
                    c = parseCreate();
                } else if (readIf("DEALLOCATE")) {
                    c = parseDeallocate();
                }
                break;
            case 'E':
                if (readIf("EXPLAIN")) {