mkswap.c

Util-linux 软件包包含许多工具。其中比较重要的是加载、卸载、格式化、分区和管理硬盘驱动器

/*
 * mkswap.c - set up a linux swap device
 *
 * (C) 1991 Linus Torvalds. This file may be redistributed as per
 * the Linux copyright.
 */

/*
 * 20.12.91  -	time began. Got VM working yesterday by doing this by hand.
 *
 * Usage: mkswap [-c] [-vN] [-f] device [size-in-blocks]
 *
 *	-c   for readability checking. (Use it unless you are SURE!)
 *	-vN  for swap areas version N. (Only N=0,1 known today.)
 *      -f   for forcing swap creation even if it would smash partition table.
 *
 * The device may be a block device or an image of one, but this isn't
 * enforced (but it's not much fun on a character device :-).
 *
 * Patches from [e-mail] (Mike Jagdis) to make the
 * size-in-blocks parameter optional added Wed Feb  8 10:33:43 1995.
 *
 * Version 1 swap area code (for kernel 2.1.117), aeb, 981010.
 *
 * Sparc fixes, [e-mail] (Jakub Jelinek), 981201 - mangled by aeb.
 * V1_MAX_PAGES fixes, jj, 990325.
 * sparc64 fixes, jj, 000219.
 *
 * 1999-02-22 Arkadiusz Mi秌iewicz <[e-mail]>
 * - added Native Language Support
 * 
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>		/* for _IO */
#include <sys/utsname.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include "nls.h"

/* Try to get PAGE_SIZE from libc or kernel includes */
#ifdef HAVE_sys_user_h
				/* Note: <sys/user.h> says: for gdb only */
#include <sys/user.h>		/* for PAGE_SIZE and PAGE_SHIFT */
#else
#ifdef HAVE_asm_page_h
#include <asm/page.h>		/* for PAGE_SIZE and PAGE_SHIFT */
				/* we also get PAGE_SIZE via getpagesize() */
#endif
#endif

#ifndef _IO
/* pre-1.3.45 */
#define BLKGETSIZE 0x1260
#else
/* same on i386, m68k, arm; different on alpha, mips, sparc, ppc */
#define BLKGETSIZE _IO(0x12,96)
#endif

static char * program_name = "mkswap";
static char * device_name = NULL;
static int DEV = -1;
static unsigned long PAGES = 0;
static unsigned long badpages = 0;
static int check = 0;
static int version = -1;

#define MAKE_VERSION(p,q,r)	(65536*(p) + 256*(q) + (r))

static int
linux_version_code(void) {
	struct utsname my_utsname;
	int p, q, r;

	if (uname(&my_utsname) == 0) {
		p = atoi(strtok(my_utsname.release, "."));
		q = atoi(strtok(NULL, "."));
		r = atoi(strtok(NULL, "."));
		return MAKE_VERSION(p,q,r);
	}
	return 0;
}

#ifdef __sparc__
# ifdef __arch64__
#  define is_sparc64() 1
#  define is_be64() 1
# else /* sparc32 */
static int
is_sparc64(void) {
	struct utsname un;
	static int sparc64 = -1;

	if (sparc64 != -1) return sparc64;
	sparc64 = 0;

	if (uname(&un) < 0) return 0;
	if (! strcmp(un.machine, "sparc64")) {
		sparc64 = 1;
		return 1;
	}
	if (strcmp(un.machine, "sparc"))
		return 0; /* Should not happen */

#ifdef HAVE_personality
	{
		extern int personality(unsigned long);
		int oldpers;
#define PERS_LINUX          0x00000000
#define PERS_LINUX_32BIT    0x00800000
#define PERS_LINUX32        0x00000008

		oldpers = personality(PERS_LINUX_32BIT);
		if (oldpers != -1) {
			if (personality(PERS_LINUX) != -1) {
				uname(&un);
				if (! strcmp(un.machine, "sparc64")) {
					sparc64 = 1;
					oldpers = PERS_LINUX32;
				}
			}
			personality(oldpers);
		}
	}
#endif

	return sparc64;
}
#  define is_be64() is_sparc64()
# endif /* sparc32 */
#else /* !sparc */
# define is_be64() 0
#endif

/*
 * The definition of the union swap_header uses the constant PAGE_SIZE.
 * Unfortunately, on some architectures this depends on the hardware model,
 * and can only be found at run time -- we use getpagesize(), so that
 * we do not need separate binaries e.g. for sun4, sun4c/d/m and sun4u.
 *
 * Even more unfortunately, getpagesize() does not always return
 * the right information. For example, libc4 and libc5 do not use
 * the system call but invent a value themselves
 * (EXEC_PAGESIZE or NBPG * CLSIZE or NBPC), and thus it may happen
 * that e.g. on a sparc PAGE_SIZE=4096 and getpagesize() returns 8192.
 * What to do? Let us allow the user to specify the pagesize explicitly.
 */

static int user_pagesize = 0;
static int kernel_pagesize;	   /* obtained via getpagesize(); */
static int defined_pagesize = 0;   /* PAGE_SIZE, when that exists */
static int pagesize;
static long *signature_page;

struct swap_header_v1 {
        char         bootbits[1024];    /* Space for disklabel etc. */
	unsigned int version;
	unsigned int last_page;
	unsigned int nr_badpages;
	unsigned int padding[125];
	unsigned int badpages[1];
} *p;

static void
init_signature_page(void) {
#ifdef PAGE_SIZE
	defined_pagesize = PAGE_SIZE;
#endif
	kernel_pagesize = getpagesize();
	pagesize = kernel_pagesize;

	if (user_pagesize) {
		if ((user_pagesize & (user_pagesize-1)) ||
		    user_pagesize < 1024) {
			fprintf(stderr, _("Bad user-specified page size %d\n"),
				user_pagesize);
			exit(1);
		}
		pagesize = user_pagesize;
	}

	if (user_pagesize && user_pagesize != kernel_pagesize &&
	    user_pagesize != defined_pagesize)
		fprintf(stderr, _("Using user-specified page size %d, "
				  "instead of the system values %d/%d\n"),
			pagesize, kernel_pagesize, defined_pagesize);
	else if (defined_pagesize && pagesize != defined_pagesize)
		fprintf(stderr, _("Assuming pages of size %d (not %d)\n"),
			pagesize, defined_pagesize);

	signature_page = (long *) malloc(pagesize);
	memset(signature_page,0,pagesize);
	p = (struct swap_header_v1 *) signature_page;
}

static void
write_signature(char *sig) {
	char *sp = (char *) signature_page;

	strncpy(sp+pagesize-10, sig, 10);
}

/*
 * Find out what the maximum amount of swap space is that the kernel will
 * handle.  This wouldn't matter if the kernel just used as much of the
 * swap space as it can handle, but until 2.3.4 it would return an error
 * to swapon() if the swapspace was too large.
 */
#define V0_MAX_PAGES	(8 * (pagesize - 10))
/* Before 2.2.0pre9 */
#define V1_OLD_MAX_PAGES	((0x7fffffff / pagesize) - 1)
/* Since 2.2.0pre9, before 2.3.4:
   error if nr of pages >= SWP_OFFSET(SWP_ENTRY(0,~0UL))
   with variations on
	#define SWP_ENTRY(type,offset) (((type) << 1) | ((offset) << 8))
	#define SWP_OFFSET(entry) ((entry) >> 8)
   on the various architectures. Below the result - yuk.

   Machine	pagesize	SWP_ENTRY	SWP_OFFSET	bound+1	oldbound+2
   i386		2^12		o<<8		e>>8		1<<24	1<<19
   mips		2^12		o<<15		e>>15		1<<17	1<<19
   alpha	2^13		o<<40		e>>40		1<<24	1<<18
   m68k		2^12		o<<12		e>>12		1<<20	1<<19
   sparc	2^{12,13}	(o&0x3ffff)<<9	(e>>9)&0x3ffff	1<<18	1<<{19,18}
   sparc64	2^13		o<<13		e>>13		1<<51	1<<18
   ppc		2^12		o<<8		e>>8		1<<24	1<<19
   armo		2^{13,14,15}	o<<8		e>>8		1<<24	1<<{18,17,16}
   armv		2^12		o<<9		e>>9		1<<23	1<<19

   assuming that longs have 64 bits on alpha and sparc64 and 32 bits elsewhere.

   The bad part is that we need to know this since the kernel will
   refuse a swap space if it is too large.
*/
/* patch from jj - why does this differ from the above? */
/* 32bit kernels have a second limitation of 2GB, sparc64 is limited by
   the size of virtual address space allocation for vmalloc */
#if defined(__alpha__)
#define V1_MAX_PAGES           ((1 << 24) - 1)
#elif defined(__mips__)
#define V1_MAX_PAGES           ((1 << 17) - 1)
#elif defined(__sparc__)
#define V1_MAX_PAGES           (is_sparc64() ? ((3 << 29) - 1) : ((1 << 18) - 1))
#elif defined(__ia64__)
/* 
 * The actual size will depend on the amount of virtual address space
 * available to vmalloc the swap map.
 */
#define V1_MAX_PAGES          ((1UL << 54) - 1)
#else
#define V1_MAX_PAGES           V1_OLD_MAX_PAGES
#endif
/* man page now says:
The maximum useful size of a swap area now depends on the architecture.
It is roughly 2GB on i386, PPC, m68k, ARM, 1GB on sparc, 512MB on mips,
128GB on alpha and 3TB on sparc64.
*/

#define MAX_BADPAGES	((pagesize-1024-128*sizeof(int)-10)/sizeof(int))

/*
 * One more point of lossage - Linux swapspace really is a mess.
 * The definition of the bitmap used is architecture dependent,
 * and requires one to know whether the machine is bigendian,
 * and if so, whether it will use 32-bit or 64-bit units in
 * test_bit().
 * davem writes: "... is based upon an unsigned long type of
 * the cpu and the native endianness".
 * So, it seems we can write `unsigned long' below.
 * However, sparc64 uses 64-bit units in the kernel, while
 * mkswap may have been translated with 32-bit longs. Thus,
 * we need an explicit test for version 0 swap on sparc64.
 */

static void
bit_set (unsigned long *addr, unsigned int nr) {
	unsigned int r, m;

	if(is_be64()) {
		unsigned long long *bitmap = (unsigned long long *) addr;
		unsigned long long bitnum = (unsigned long long) nr;
		unsigned long long rl, ml;

		bitmap += bitnum / (8 * sizeof(long long));
		rl = *bitmap;
		ml = 1ULL << (bitnum & (8ULL * sizeof(long long) - 1ULL));
		*bitmap = rl | ml;
		return;
	}

	addr += nr / (8 * sizeof(unsigned long));
	r = *addr;
	m = 1 << (nr & (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) - 1));
	*addr = r | m;
}

static int
bit_test_and_clear (unsigned long *addr, unsigned int nr) {
	unsigned int r, m;

	if(is_be64()) {
		unsigned long long *bitmap = (unsigned long long *) addr;
		unsigned long long bitnum = (unsigned long long) nr;
		unsigned long long rl, ml;

		bitmap += bitnum / (8 * sizeof(long long));
		rl = *bitmap;
		ml = 1ULL << (bitnum & (8ULL * sizeof(long long) - 1ULL));
		*bitmap = rl & ~ml;
		return ((rl & ml) != 0ULL);
	}

	addr += nr / (8 * sizeof(unsigned long));
	r = *addr;
	m = 1 << (nr & (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) - 1));
	*addr = r & ~m;