mount.8

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.TP
.BI fmask= value
Set the umask applied to regular files only.
The default is the umask of the current process.
The value is given in octal. Present since 2.5.43.
.TP
.BI check= value 
Three different levels of pickyness can be chosen:
.RS
.TP
.B r[elaxed]
Upper and lower case are accepted and equivalent, long name parts are
truncated (e.g.
.I verylongname.foobar
becomes
.IR verylong.foo ),
leading and embedded spaces are accepted in each name part (name and extension).
.TP
.B n[ormal]
Like "relaxed", but many special characters (*, ?, <, spaces, etc.) are
rejected.  This is the default.
.TP
.B s[trict]
Like "normal", but names may not contain long parts and special characters
that are sometimes used on Linux, but are not accepted by MS-DOS are
rejected. (+, =, spaces, etc.)
.RE
.TP
.BI codepage= value
Sets the codepage for converting to shortname characters on FAT
and VFAT filesystems. By default, codepage 437 is used.
.TP
.BR conv=b[inary] " / " conv=t[ext] " / " conv=a[uto]
The
.I fat
file system can perform CRLF<-->NL (MS-DOS text format to UNIX text
format) conversion in the kernel. The following conversion modes are
available:
.RS
.TP
.B binary
no translation is performed.  This is the default.
.TP
.B text
CRLF<-->NL translation is performed on all files.
.TP
.B auto
CRLF<-->NL translation is performed on all files that don't have a
"well-known binary" extension. The list of known extensions can be found at
the beginning of
.I fs/fat/misc.c
(as of 2.0, the list is: exe, com, bin, app, sys, drv, ovl, ovr, obj,
lib, dll, pif, arc, zip, lha, lzh, zoo, tar, z, arj, tz, taz, tzp, tpz,
gz, tgz, deb, gif, bmp, tif, gl, jpg, pcx, tfm, vf, gf, pk, pxl, dvi).
.PP
Programs that do computed lseeks won't like in-kernel text conversion.
Several people have had their data ruined by this translation. Beware!

For file systems mounted in binary mode, a conversion tool
(fromdos/todos) is available.
.RE
.TP
.BI cvf_format= module
Forces the driver to use the CVF (Compressed Volume File) module
.RI cvf_ module
instead of auto-detection. If the kernel supports kmod, the
cvf_format=xxx option also controls on-demand CVF module loading.
.TP
.BI cvf_option= option
Option passed to the CVF module.
.TP
.B debug
Turn on the
.I debug
flag.  A version string and a list of file system parameters will be
printed (these data are also printed if the parameters appear to be
inconsistent).
.TP
.BR fat=12 " / " fat=16 " / " fat=32
Specify a 12, 16 or 32 bit fat.  This overrides
the automatic FAT type detection routine.  Use with caution!
.TP
.BI iocharset= value
Character set to use for converting between 8 bit characters
and 16 bit Unicode characters. The default is iso8859-1.
Long filenames are stored on disk in Unicode format.
.TP
.B quiet
Turn on the
.I quiet
flag.  Attempts to chown or chmod files do not return errors,
although they fail. Use with caution!
.TP
.B "sys_immutable, showexec, dots, nodots, dotsOK=[yes|no]"
Various misguided attempts to force Unix or DOS conventions
onto a FAT file system.

.SH "Mount options for hpfs"
.TP
\fBuid=\fP\fIvalue\fP and \fBgid=\fP\fIvalue\fP
Set the owner and group of all files. (Default: the uid and gid
of the current process.)
.TP
.BI umask= value
Set the umask (the bitmask of the permissions that are
.B not
present). The default is the umask of the current process.
The value is given in octal.
.TP
.BR case=lower " / " case=asis
Convert all files names to lower case, or leave them.
(Default:
.BR case=lower .)
.TP
.BR conv=binary " / " conv=text " / " conv=auto
For
.BR conv=text ,
delete some random CRs (in particular, all followed by NL)
when reading a file.
For
.BR conv=auto ,
choose more or less at random between
.BR conv=binary " and " conv=text .
For
.BR conv=binary ,
just read what is in the file. This is the default.
.TP
.B nocheck
Do not abort mounting when certain consistency checks fail.

.SH "Mount options for iso9660"
ISO 9660 is a standard describing a filesystem structure to be used
on CD-ROMs. (This filesystem type is also seen on some DVDs. See also the
.I udf
filesystem.)

Normal
.I iso9660
filenames appear in a 8.3 format (i.e., DOS-like restrictions on filename
length), and in addition all characters are in upper case.  Also there is
no field for file ownership, protection, number of links, provision for
block/character devices, etc.

Rock Ridge is an extension to iso9660 that provides all of these unix like
features.  Basically there are extensions to each directory record that
supply all of the additional information, and when Rock Ridge is in use,
the filesystem is indistinguishable from a normal UNIX file system (except
that it is read-only, of course).
.TP
.B norock
Disable the use of Rock Ridge extensions, even if available. Cf.\&
.BR map .
.TP
.B nojoliet
Disable the use of Microsoft Joliet extensions, even if available. Cf.\&
.BR map .
.TP
.BR check=r[elaxed] " / " check=s[trict]
With
.BR check=relaxed ,
a filename is first converted to lower case before doing the lookup.
This is probably only meaningful together with
.B norock
and
.BR map=normal .
(Default:
.BR check=strict .)
.TP
\fBuid=\fP\fIvalue\fP and \fBgid=\fP\fIvalue\fP
Give all files in the file system the indicated user or group id,
possibly overriding the information found in the Rock Ridge extensions.
(Default:
.BR uid=0,gid=0 .)
.TP
.BR map=n[ormal] " / " map=o[ff] " / " map=a[corn]
For non-Rock Ridge volumes, normal name translation maps upper
to lower case ASCII, drops a trailing `;1', and converts `;' to `.'.
With
.B map=off
no name translation is done. See
.BR norock .
(Default:
.BR map=normal .)
.B map=acorn
is like
.BR map=normal
but also apply Acorn extensions if present.
.TP
.BI mode= value
For non-Rock Ridge volumes, give all files the indicated mode.
(Default: read permission for everybody.)
Since Linux 2.1.37 one no longer needs to specify the mode in
decimal. (Octal is indicated by a leading 0.)
.TP
.B unhide
Also show hidden and associated files.
(If the ordinary files and the associated or hidden files have
the same filenames, this may make the ordinary files inaccessible.)
.TP
.B block=[512|1024|2048]
Set the block size to the indicated value.
(Default:
.BR block=1024 .)
.TP
.BR conv=a[uto] " / " conv=b[inary] " / " conv=m[text] " / " conv=t[ext]
(Default:
.BR conv=binary .)
Since Linux 1.3.54 this option has no effect anymore.
(And non-binary settings used to be very dangerous,
possibly leading to silent data corruption.)
.TP
.B cruft
If the high byte of the file length contains other garbage,
set this mount option to ignore the high order bits of the file length.
This implies that a file cannot be larger than 16MB.
.TP
.BI session= x
Select number of session on multisession CD. (Since 2.3.4.)
.TP
.BI sbsector= xxx
Session begins from sector xxx. (Since 2.3.4.)
.LP
The following options are the same as for vfat and specifying them only makes
sense when using discs encoded using Microsoft's Joliet extensions.
.TP
.BI iocharset= value
Character set to use for converting 16 bit Unicode characters on CD
to 8 bit characters. The default is iso8859-1.
.TP
.B utf8
Convert 16 bit Unicode characters on CD to UTF-8.

.SH "Mount options for jfs"
.TP
.BI iocharset= name
Character set to use for converting from Unicode to ASCII.  The default is
to do no conversion.  Use
.B iocharset=utf8
for UTF8 translations.  This requires CONFIG_NLS_UTF8 to be set in
the kernel
.I ".config"
file.
.TP
.BI resize= value
Resize the volume to
.I value
blocks. JFS only supports growing a volume, not shrinking it. This option
is only valid during a remount, when the volume is mounted read-write. The
.B resize
keyword with no value will grow the volume to the full size of the partition.
.TP
.B nointegrity
Do not write to the journal.  The primary use of this option is to allow
for higher performance when restoring a volume from backup media. The
integrity of the volume is not guaranteed if the system abnormally abends.
.TP
.B integrity
Default.  Commit metadata changes to the journal.  Use this option to remount
a volume where the
.B nointegrity
option was previously specified in order to restore normal behavior.
.TP
.BR errors=continue " / " errors=remount-ro " / " errors=panic
Define the behaviour when an error is encountered.
(Either ignore errors and just mark the file system erroneous and continue,
or remount the file system read-only, or panic and halt the system.)
.TP
.BR noquota " / " quota " / " usrquota " / " grpquota
These options are accepted but ignored.

.SH "Mount options for minix"
None.

.SH "Mount options for msdos"
See mount options for fat.
If the
.I msdos
file system detects an inconsistency, it reports an error and sets the file
system read-only. The file system can be made writeable again by remounting
it.

.SH "Mount options for ncpfs"
Just like
.IR nfs ", the " ncpfs
implementation expects a binary argument (a
.IR "struct ncp_mount_data" )
to the mount system call. This argument is constructed by
.BR ncpmount (8)
and the current version of
.B mount
(2.12) does not know anything about ncpfs.

.SH "Mount options for nfs"
Instead of a textual option string, parsed by the kernel, the
.I nfs
file system expects a binary argument of type
.IR "struct nfs_mount_data" .
The program
.B mount
itself parses the following options of the form `tag=value',
and puts them in the structure mentioned:
.BI rsize= n,
.BI wsize= n,
.BI timeo= n,
.BI retrans= n,
.BI acregmin= n,
.BI acregmax= n,
.BI acdirmin= n,
.BI acdirmax= n,
.BI actimeo= n,
.BI retry= n,
.BI port= n,
.BI mountport= n,
.BI mounthost= name,
.BI mountprog= n,
.BI mountvers= n,
.BI nfsprog= n,
.BI nfsvers= n,
.BI namlen= n.
The option
.BI addr= n
is accepted but ignored.
Also the following Boolean options, possibly preceded by
.B no
are recognized:
.BR bg ,
.BR fg ,
.BR soft ,
.BR hard ,
.BR intr ,
.BR posix ,
.BR cto ,
.BR ac ,
.BR tcp ,
.BR udp ,
.BR lock .
For details, see
.BR nfs (5).

Especially useful options include
.TP
.B rsize=8192,wsize=8192
This will make your nfs connection faster than with the default
buffer size of 4096. (NFSv2 does not work with larger values of
.B rsize
and
.BR wsize .)
.TP
.B hard
The program accessing a file on a NFS mounted file system will hang
when the server crashes. The process cannot be interrupted or
killed unless you also specify
.BR intr .
When the NFS server is back online the program will continue undisturbed
from where it was. This is probably what you want.
.TP
.B soft
This option allows the kernel to time out if the nfs server is not
responding for some time. The time can be
specified with
.BR timeo=time .
This option might be useful if your nfs server sometimes doesn't respond
or will be rebooted while some process tries to get a file from the server.
Usually it just causes lots of trouble.
.TP
.B nolock
Do not use locking. Do not start lockd.

.SH "Mount options for ntfs"
.TP
.BI iocharset= name
Character set to use when returning file names.
Unlike VFAT, NTFS suppresses names that contain
unconvertible characters.
.TP
.BR utf8
Use UTF-8 for converting file names.
.TP
.B uni_xlate=[0|1|2]
For 0 (or `no' or `false'), do not use escape sequences
for unknown Unicode characters.
For 1 (or `yes' or `true') or 2, use vfat-style 4-byte escape sequences
starting with ":". Here 2 give a little-endian encoding
and 1 a byteswapped bigendian encoding.
.TP
.B posix=[0|1]
If enabled (posix=1), the file system distinguishes between
upper and lower case. The 8.3 alias names are presented as
hard links instead of being suppressed.
.TP
\fBuid=\fP\fIvalue\fP, \fBgid=\fP\fIvalue\fP and \fBumask=\fP\fIvalue\fP
Set the file permission on the filesystem.
The umask value is given in octal.
By default, the files are owned by root and not readable by somebody else.

.SH "Mount options for proc"
.TP
\fBuid=\fP\fIvalue\fP and \fBgid=\fP\fIvalue\fP
These options are recognized, but have no effect as far as I can see.

.SH "Mount options for ramfs"
Ramfs is a memory based filesystem. Mount it and you have it. Unmount it
and it is gone. Present since Linux 2.3.99pre4.
There are no mount options.

.SH "Mount options for reiserfs"
Reiserfs is a journaling filesystem.
The reiserfs mount options are more fully described at
.IR http://www.namesys.com/mount-options.html .
.TP
.BR conv
Instructs version 3.6 reiserfs software to mount a version 3.5 file system,
using the 3.6 format for newly created objects. This file system will no
longer be compatible with reiserfs 3.5 tools.
.TP
.BR hash=rupasov " / " hash=tea " / " hash=r5 " / " hash=detect
Choose which hash function reiserfs will use to find files within directories.
.RS
.TP
.B rupasov
A hash invented by Yury Yu. Rupasov.  It is fast and preserves locality,
mapping lexicographically close file names to close hash values.
This option should not be used, as it causes a high probability of hash
collisions. 
.TP
.B tea
A Davis-Meyer function implemented by Jeremy Fitzhardinge.
It uses hash permuting bits in the name.  It gets high randomness
and, therefore, low probability of hash collisions at come CPU cost.
This may be used if EHASHCOLLISION errors are experienced with the r5 hash. 
.TP
.B r5
A modified version of the rupasov hash. It is used by default and is
the best choice unless the file system has huge directories and
unusual file-name patterns. 
.TP
.B detect
Instructs
.IR mount
to detect which hash function is in use by examining
the file system being mounted,  and to write this information into
the reiserfs superblock. This is only useful on the first mount of
an old format file system. 
.RE
.TP
.BR hashed_relocation
Tunes the block allocator. This may provide performance improvements
in some situations. 
.TP
.BR no_unhashed_relocation
Tunes the block allocator. This may provide performance improvements
in some situations.
.TP
.BR noborder
Disable the border allocator algorithm invented by Yury Yu. Rupasov.
This may provide performance improvements in some situations.
.TP
.BR nolog
Disable journalling. This will provide slight performance improvements in
some situations at the cost of losing reiserfs's fast recovery from crashes.
Even with this option turned on, reiserfs still performs all journalling
operations, save for actual writes into its journalling area.  Implementation
of
.IR nolog
is a work in progress.
.TP
.BR notail
By default, reiserfs stores small files and `file tails' directly into its
tree. This confuses some utilities such as
.BR LILO (8) .
This option is used to disable packing of files into the tree.