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<table width="100%" summary="page for variogram {spatial}"><tr><td>variogram {spatial}</td><td align="right">R Documentation</td></tr></table>
<h2>Compute Spatial Variogram</h2>


<h3>Description</h3>

<p>
Compute spatial (semi-)variogram of spatial data or residuals.
</p>


<h3>Usage</h3>

<pre>
variogram(krig, nint, plotit = TRUE, ...)
</pre>


<h3>Arguments</h3>

<table summary="R argblock">
<tr valign="top"><td><code>krig</code></td>
<td>
trend-surface or kriging object with columns <code>x</code>, <code>y</code>, and <code>z</code>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td><code>nint</code></td>
<td>
number of bins used
</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td><code>plotit</code></td>
<td>
logical for plotting
</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td><code>...</code></td>
<td>
parameters for the plot
</td></tr>
</table>

<h3>Details</h3>

<p>
Divides range of data into <code>nint</code> bins, and computes the average squared
difference for pairs with separation in each bin.  Returns results for
bins with 6 or more pairs.
</p>


<h3>Value</h3>

<p>
<code>x</code> and <code>y</code> coordinates of the variogram and <code>cnt</code>,
the number of pairs averaged per bin.</p>

<h3>Side Effects</h3>

<p>
Plots the variogram if <code>plotit = TRUE</code>
</p>


<h3>References</h3>

<p>
Ripley, B. D. (1981) <EM>Spatial Statistics.</EM> Wiley.
</p>
<p>
Venables, W. N. and Ripley, B. D. (2002)
<EM>Modern Applied Statistics with S.</EM> Fourth edition.  Springer.
</p>


<h3>See Also</h3>

<p>
<code><a href="correlogram.html">correlogram</a></code>
</p>


<h3>Examples</h3>

<pre>
data(topo, package="MASS")
topo.kr &lt;- surf.ls(2, topo)
variogram(topo.kr, 25)
</pre>



<hr><div align="center">[Package <em>spatial</em> version 7.2-44 <a href="00Index.html">Index]</a></div>

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