📄 020adsl.htm
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</UL><UL> <UL> <BLOCKQUOTE><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">A</FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">级：</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體">10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255</FONT></FONT> <BR><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">B</FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">级：</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體">172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255</FONT></FONT> <BR><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">C</FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">级：</FONT></FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體"><FONT COLOR="#3333ff">192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255</FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT></BLOCKQUOTE> </UL></UL><UL> <BLOCKQUOTE><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">上述中最常用的是</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體">192.168.0.0</FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT FACE="新細明體">这一组。不过，由于是虚拟</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體"> IP </FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT FACE="新細明體">，所以当您使用这些地址的时候﹐当然是有所限制的，限制如下：</FONT></FONT></BLOCKQUOTE></UL><UL> <UL> <LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT FACE="新細明體"><FONT COLOR="#3333ff">私有地址的路由信息不能对外散播</FONT></FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"> </SPAN></FONT> </BLOCKQUOTE> <LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">使用私有地址作为来源或目的地址的封包﹐不能通过</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體">Internet</FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">来转送</FONT></FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"> </SPAN></FONT> </BLOCKQUOTE> <LI><BLOCKQUOTE><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">关于私有地址的参考纪录</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體">(</FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">如</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體">DNS)</FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">﹐只能限于内部网络使用</FONT></FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"> </SPAN></FONT> </BLOCKQUOTE> </UL></UL><UL> <BLOCKQUOTE><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">由于虚拟</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體"> IP </FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">的计算机并不能直接连上</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體"> Internet </FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">，因此需要特别的功能才能上网。不过，这给我们架设</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體">IP</FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">网络做成很大的方便﹐比如﹕即使您当前的公司还没有连上</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體">Internet</FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">﹐但不保证将来不会啊。如</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體"> </FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">果使用公共</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體">IP</FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">的话﹐如果没经过注册﹐等到以后真正要连上网络的时候﹐就很可能和别人冲突了。也正如前面所分析的﹐到时候再重新规划</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體">IP</FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">的话﹐将是件非常</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體"> </FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">头痛的问题。这时候﹐我们可以先利用私有地址来架设网络﹐等到真要连上</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體">intetnet</FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">的时候﹐我们可以使用</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體">IP</FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">转换协议﹐如</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體"> </FONT></FONT><FONT FACE="新細明體"><FONT COLOR="#000066">NAT (Network Addresss Translation)</FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">等技朮﹐配合新注册的</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體">IP</FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">就可以了。</FONT></FONT></BLOCKQUOTE></UL><UL> <LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-right: 2cm"><FONT COLOR="#3333ff"><FONT FACE="新細明體">固定</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體"> IP </FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#3333ff"><FONT FACE="新細明體">与</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體"> </FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#3333ff"><FONT FACE="新細明體">动态</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體"> IP</FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">：基本上，这两个东西是由于近来网络公司大量的成长下的产物，例如，你如果向中华电信申请一个商业型态的</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體"> ADSL </FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">专线，那他会给你一个固定的物理</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體"> IP </FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">，这个物理</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體"> IP </FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">就被称为『固定</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體"> IP </FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">』了。而若你是申请计时制的</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體"> ADSL </FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">，那由于你的</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體"> IP </FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">可能是由数十人共同使用，因此你每次重新引导系统上网时，你这部计算机的</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體"> IP </FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">都不会是固定的！于是就被称为『动态</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體"> IP</FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">』或者是『浮动式</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體">IP</FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">』。基本上，这两个都是『物理</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體">IP</FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">』，只是网络公司用来分配给用户的方法不同而生成不同的名称而已！</FONT></FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"> </SPAN></FONT> </BLOCKQUOTE></UL><HR><P><A NAME="time"></A><FONT SIZE=4><FONT COLOR="#000099">计时制还是固定制？</FONT></FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"></SPAN></FONT></P><BLOCKQUOTE><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">如果您已经确定要使用</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體">ADSL </FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">来作为连接</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體">Internet </FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">的系统，那下一个问题是：要使用较便宜的</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體"></FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT FACE="新細明體"><FONT COLOR="#000066">计时制</FONT></FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體"></FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">还是较贵但是有固定</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體">IP </FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">的</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體"></FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT FACE="新細明體"><FONT COLOR="#000066">固定制</FONT></FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體"></FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">呢？若以省钱为导向，那不用说，一定是申请计时制的</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體">ADSL</FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">系统，因为确实有比较便宜；若以目标为导向，如果你需要稳定的架站环境，自然选择固定制的会比较好；那若以网络带宽分享为导向呢？例如你在宿舍大约有</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體">5 </FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">个人要使用一条专线，或者是家中有少于</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體">5 </FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">部计算机使用一条电话线挂机至</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體">Internet </FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">，那最好是选择计时制的</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體">ADSL </FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">，因为计时制的</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體">ADSL </FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">在中华电信可同时开放两个</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體">IP </FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">而</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體">Seednet </FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">更可开放到</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體">5 </FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">个</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體">IP </FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">让同一个帐号上网使用，如此，则挂机分享仅需要一棵不用</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體">1000 </FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">元的集线器</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體">(Hub) </FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">就可以罗！如使用固定制的话，由于只有一个固定的</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體">IP </FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="新細明體">，则你要使用挂机分享带宽，就必须要比较理解挂机的方式，或者加装</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT FACE="新細明體">⌨️ 快捷键说明
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