📄 04_3remove_services.php.html
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN"><HTML><HEAD> <META HTTP-EQUIV="CONTENT-TYPE" CONTENT="text/html; charset=gb2312"> <TITLE>鳥哥的 Linux 私房菜 -- 移除不要的服務</TITLE> <META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="WPS Office Storm Beta 1.0 (Win32)"> <META NAME="AUTHOR" CONTENT="VBird"> <META NAME="CREATED" CONTENT="20051210;17451171"> <META NAME="CHANGED" CONTENT="20051210;17475496"> <META NAME="Microsoft Theme" CONTENT="strart 101"> <META NAME="Microsoft Border" CONTENT="none, default"></HEAD><BODY LANG="zh-CN" BACKGROUND="http://linux.vbird.org/VBirdLinux.jpg" DIR="LTR"><P ALIGN=CENTER STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT COLOR="#3333ff"><B><FONT SIZE=5><FONT FACE="標楷體">鸟哥的</FONT></FONT></B><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><B><FONT SIZE=5><FONT FACE="Times New Roman, Times">Linux </FONT></FONT></B></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#3333ff"><B><FONT SIZE=5><FONT FACE="標楷體">与</FONT></FONT></B><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><B><FONT SIZE=5><FONT FACE="Times New Roman, Times">ADSL </FONT></FONT></B></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#3333ff"><B><FONT SIZE=5><FONT FACE="標楷體">私房菜</FONT></FONT></B></FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><BR><A HREF="http://linux.vbird.org/" TARGET="_top"><IMG SRC="http://linux.vbird.org/VBirdTitle2.jpg" NAME="图形1" ALIGN=BOTTOM WIDTH=90 HEIGHT=25 BORDER=0></A><A HREF="http://linux.vbird.org/linux_basic"><IMG SRC="http://linux.vbird.org/icon_system.gif" NAME="图形2" ALIGN=BOTTOM WIDTH=90 HEIGHT=25 BORDER=0></A><A HREF="http://linux.vbird.org/linux_server"><IMG SRC="http://linux.vbird.org/icon_server.gif" NAME="图形3" ALIGN=BOTTOM WIDTH=90 HEIGHT=25 BORDER=0></A><A HREF="http://linux.vbird.org/linux_security"><IMG SRC="http://linux.vbird.org/icon_security.jpg" NAME="图形4" ALIGN=BOTTOM WIDTH=90 HEIGHT=25 BORDER=0></A><A HREF="http://phorum.vbird.org/" TARGET="_blank"><IMG SRC="http://linux.vbird.org/icon_forums.gif" NAME="图形5" ALIGN=BOTTOM WIDTH=90 HEIGHT=25 BORDER=0></A><A HREF="http://linux.vbird.org/adsl"><IMG SRC="http://linux.vbird.org/icon_adsl.gif" NAME="图形6" ALIGN=BOTTOM WIDTH=90 HEIGHT=25 BORDER=0></A></SPAN></FONT></P><HR><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT COLOR="#3333ff"><FONT SIZE=5><FONT FACE="標楷體">检测</FONT></FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT SIZE=5><FONT FACE="標楷體"></FONT><FONT FACE="Times New Roman Baltic">Linux</FONT> </FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#3333ff"><FONT SIZE=5><FONT FACE="標楷體">打开的服务通道（</FONT></FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT SIZE=5><FONT FACE="Times New Roman Baltic">port</FONT></FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#3333ff"><FONT SIZE=5><FONT FACE="標楷體">）</FONT></FONT></FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"></SPAN></FONT></P><P ALIGN=RIGHT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT COLOR="#3333ff"><FONT SIZE=2><FONT FACE="新細明體">最近更新日期：</FONT></FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT SIZE=2><FONT FACE="新細明體">2002/01/28</FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P><HR><UL> <P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT COLOR="#000099">前言</FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000">：</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"> <BR></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000">常常看到有些人想要知道自己的<FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"> Linux </FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000">主机到底开放了多少的<FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"> port </FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000">呢？要如何来检测？通常我们知道的<FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"> port </FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000">有下面这几个：</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"> </SPAN></FONT> </P> <UL> <LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT COLOR="#000000">ftp:21</FONT> </SPAN></FONT> </P> <LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT COLOR="#000000">telnet:23</FONT> </SPAN></FONT> </P> <LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT COLOR="#000000">smtp:25</FONT> </SPAN></FONT> </P> <LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT COLOR="#000000">http:80</FONT> </SPAN></FONT> </P> <LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT COLOR="#000000">pop-3:110</FONT> </SPAN></FONT> </P> <LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT COLOR="#000000">netbios-ssn:139</FONT> </SPAN></FONT> </P> <LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT COLOR="#000000">squid:3128</FONT> </SPAN></FONT> </P> <LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT COLOR="#000000">mysql:3306</FONT> </SPAN></FONT> </P> </UL> <P><FONT COLOR="#000000">当然还不只这些哩，如何知道<FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"> port </SPAN></FONT>被打开与否呢？</FONT></P></UL><UL> <LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT COLOR="#000099">检测你打开的服务有哪些？使用功能强大的<FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"> netstat </FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000099">指令</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"> <BR></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000">在做为主机的<FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"> Linux </FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000">系统中，服务项目是越少越好！这样可以避免不必要的入侵管道喔！因此，这个时候请理解一下您的系统当中，有没有哪些服务被打开了呢？要理解自己的系统当中的服务项目，最简便的方法就是使用<FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"> netstat </FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000">了！这个东西不但简单（每一部<FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"> Linux </FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000">机器当中缺省都会安装的套件喔！），而且功能也是很不错的，例如我们在<A HREF="04mrtg.html#online">检测联机<FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"> WWW </A></FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000"><A HREF="04mrtg.html#online">用户的人数</A>时，就很需要这个咚咚罗！好了，我们来看一下<FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"> netstat </FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000">的使用方法：</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"> <BR> </SPAN></FONT> </P> <TABLE COLS=1 WIDTH=80% CELLPADDING=2 CELLSPACING=2 BGCOLOR="#000000"> <TR> <TD> <P><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"><FONT SIZE=2><FONT FACE="細明體"><FONT COLOR="#ffffff">[vbird @tsai vbird]# </FONT><FONT COLOR="#ffff00">netstat</FONT></FONT></FONT> <BR><FONT SIZE=2><FONT FACE="細明體"><FONT COLOR="#ffffff">Active Internet connections (w/o servers)</FONT></FONT></FONT> <BR><FONT SIZE=2><FONT FACE="細明體"><FONT COLOR="#ffffff">Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State</FONT></FONT></FONT> <BR><FONT SIZE=2><FONT FACE="細明體"><FONT COLOR="#ffffff">t</FONT><FONT COLOR="#ffff99">cp 0 20 192.168.1.2:ssh 192.168.1.11:1391 ESTABLISHED</FONT></FONT></FONT> <BR><FONT SIZE=2><FONT FACE="細明體"><FONT COLOR="#ffffff">Active UNIX domain sockets (w/o servers)</FONT></FONT></FONT> <BR><FONT SIZE=2><FONT FACE="細明體"><FONT COLOR="#ffffff">Proto RefCnt Flags Type State I-Node Path</FONT></FONT></FONT> <BR><FONT SIZE=2><FONT FACE="細明體"><FONT COLOR="#ffffff">unix 10 [ ] DGRAM 768 /dev/log</FONT></FONT></FONT> <BR><FONT SIZE=2><FONT FACE="細明體"><FONT COLOR="#ffffff">unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 304058</FONT></FONT></FONT> <BR><FONT SIZE=2><FONT FACE="細明體"><FONT COLOR="#ffffff">unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 303994</FONT></FONT></FONT> <BR><FONT SIZE=2><FONT FACE="細明體"><FONT COLOR="#ffffff">unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 303972</FONT></FONT></FONT> <BR><FONT SIZE=2><FONT FACE="細明體"><FONT COLOR="#ffffff">unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 70794</FONT></FONT></FONT> <BR><FONT SIZE=2><FONT FACE="細明體"><FONT COLOR="#ffffff">unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 70743</FONT></FONT></FONT> <BR><FONT SIZE=2><FONT FACE="細明體"><FONT COLOR="#ffffff">unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 27533</FONT></FONT></FONT> <BR><FONT SIZE=2><FONT FACE="細明體"><FONT COLOR="#ffffff">unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 895</FONT></FONT></FONT> <BR><FONT SIZE=2><FONT FACE="細明體"><FONT COLOR="#ffffff">unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 785</FONT></FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT></P> </TD> </TR> </TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT COLOR="#000000">如上所示，单纯使用<FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"> netstat </FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000">的时候，仅『</FONT><FONT COLOR="#3333ff">列出当前已经接通的服务项目与服务名称</FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000">』所以你可以看到，由于当前仅有一个<FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"> ssh </FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000">的挂机创建成功，所以就只有显示出一个<FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"> </FONT><FONT COLOR="#3333ff">ESTABLISHED </FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#3333ff">（挂机中的意思）</FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000">的项目。上面浅黄色的那一行，表示『</FONT><FONT COLOR="#3333ff">有一个<FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"> ssh </FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#3333ff">的服务打开通道挂机中，是由远程的<FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"> 192.168.1.11 </FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#3333ff">这个<FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"> IP </FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#3333ff">连接到<FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"> 192.168.1.2 </FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#3333ff">的主机上面的这个<FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"> IP </FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#3333ff">，而挂机的通道是以<FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"> 1391 </FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#3333ff">这个通道连接进入<FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"> ssh </FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT COLOR="#3333ff">的服务中的！</FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000">』。那如果我需要将所有的项目都列出来呢？</FONT><FONT FACE="Tahoma, serif"><SPAN LANG="en-US"> <BR> </SPAN></FONT> </P> <TABLE COLS=1 WIDTH=79% CELLPADDING=2 CELLSPACING=2 BGCOLOR="#000000">⌨️ 快捷键说明
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