📄 用gdb调试程序.htm
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<P class=020 style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cccccc" face="Courier New">(gdb) n</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=020 style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cccccc" face="Courier New">8<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>sum+=i;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=020 style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cccccc" face="Courier New">(gdb) n</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=020 style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cccccc" face="Courier New">6<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>for(i=1; i<=n; i++)</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=020 style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cccccc" face="Courier New">(gdb) p sum</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=020 style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cccccc" face="Courier New">$2 = 1</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=020 style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cccccc" face="Courier New">(gdb) n</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=020 style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cccccc" face="Courier New">8<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>sum+=i;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=020 style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cccccc" face="Courier New">(gdb) p i</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=020 style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cccccc" face="Courier New">$3 = 2</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=020 style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cccccc" face="Courier New">(gdb) n</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=020 style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cccccc" face="Courier New">6<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>for(i=1; i<=n; i++)</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=020 style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cccccc" face="Courier New">(gdb) p sum</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=020 style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cccccc" face="Courier New">$4 = 3</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=020 style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cccccc"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Courier New">(gdb) bt<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><--------------------- </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Courier New'">查看函数堆栈。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=020 style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cccccc" face="Courier New">#0<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>func (n=250) at tst.c:5</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=020 style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cccccc" face="Courier New">#1<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>0x080484e4 in main () at tst.c:24</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=020 style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cccccc" face="Courier New">#2<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>0x400409ed in __libc_start_main () from /lib/libc.so.6</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=020 style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cccccc"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Courier New">(gdb) finish<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><--------------------- </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Courier New'">退出函数。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=020 style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cccccc" face="Courier New">Run till exit from #0<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>func (n=250) at tst.c:5</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=020 style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cccccc" face="Courier New">0x080484e4 in main () at tst.c:24</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=020 style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cccccc" face="Courier New">24<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>printf("result[1-250] = %d \n", func(250) );</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=020 style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cccccc" face="Courier New">Value returned is $6 = 31375</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=020 style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cccccc"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Courier New">(gdb) c<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><--------------------- </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Courier New'">继续运行。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=020 style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cccccc" face="Courier New">Continuing.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=020 style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cccccc"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Courier New">result[1-250] = 31375<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><----------</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Courier New'">程序输出。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=020 style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cccccc" face="Courier New"> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=020 style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cccccc"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Courier New">Program exited with code 027. <--------</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Courier New'">程序退出，调试结束。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=020 style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cccccc"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Courier New">(gdb) q<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><--------------------- </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Courier New'">退出</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Courier New">gdb</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Courier New'">。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=020 style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cccccc" face="Courier New">hchen/test></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">好了，有了以上的感性认识，还是让我们来系统地认识一下</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">gdb</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">吧。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<H1 style="MARGIN: 17pt 0cm 16.5pt 17pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><FONT size=5>3、</FONT><SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN><FONT size=5><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">使用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">GDB</FONT></SPAN></FONT></H1>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一般来说</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">GDB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">主要调试的是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">C/C++</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的程序。要调试</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">C/C++</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的程序，首先在编译时，我们必须要把调试信息加到可执行文件中。使用编译器（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">cc/gcc/g++</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> -g </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">参数可以做到这一点。如：</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=020 style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cccccc"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>> cc -g hello.c -o hello</FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=020 style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cccccc"><FONT face="Courier New"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>> g++ -g hello.cpp -o hello</FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">如果没有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">-g</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，你将看不见程序的函数名、变量名，所代替的全是运行时的内存地址。当你用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">-g</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">把调试信息加入之后，并成功编译目标代码以后，让我们来看看如何用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">gdb</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">来调试他。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">启动</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">GDB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的方法有以下几种：</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US>gdb <program></SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US> </SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>program</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">也就是你的执行文件，一般在当前目录下。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">gdb <program> core</FONT></SPAN></B></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">gdb</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">同时调试一个运行程序和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">core</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">文件，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">core</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">是程序非法执行后</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">core dump</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">后产生的文件。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">gdb <program> <PID></FONT></SPAN></B></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">如果你的程序是一个服务程序，那么你可以指定这个服务程序运行时的进程</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">ID</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">gdb</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">会自动</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">attach</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">上去，并调试他。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">program</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">应该在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PATH</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">环境变量中搜索得到。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">GDB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">启动时，可以加上一些</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">GDB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的启动开关，详细的开关可以用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">gdb -help</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">查看。我在下面只例举一些比较常用的参数：</SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">-symbols <file> </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">-s <file> </FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ebebe6; WIDTH: 325.7pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=434>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">从指定文件中读取符号表。</SPAN></P></TD></TR>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">-se file</FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ebebe6; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ebebe6; WIDTH: 325.7pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=434>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">从指定文件中读取符号表信息，并把他用在可执行文件中。</SPAN></P></TD></TR>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">-core <file></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">-c <file></FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ebebe6; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ebebe6; WIDTH: 325.7pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=434>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">调试时</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">core dump</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">core</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">文件。</SPAN></P></TD></TR>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">-directory <directory></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">-d <directory></FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ebebe6; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ebebe6; WIDTH: 325.7pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=434>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">加入一个源文件的搜索路径。默认搜索路径是环境变量中</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">PATH</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">所定义的路径。</SPAN></P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV>
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