xmltv.dtd

xml good example for tv guide.

<!-- DTD for TV listings

This is a DTD to represent a TV listing.  It doesn't explicitly group
programmes by day or by channel, instead broadcast time and channel
are attributes of the 'programme' element.  Optionally, data about the
TV channels used can be stored in 'channel' elements.

Data about a TV programme are stored in the subelements of element
'programme', but metadata such as when it will be broadcast are stored
as attributes.

Many of the details have a 'lang' attribute so that you can
store them in multiple languages or have mixed languages in a single
listing.  This 'lang' should be the two-letter code such as 'en' or
'fr_FR'.  Or you can just leave it out and let your reader take a
guess.

Unless otherwise specified, an element containing CDATA must have some
text if it is written.

An example XML file for this DTD might look like this:

<tv generator-info-name="my listings generator">
  <channel id="3sat.de">
    <display-name lang="de">3SAT</display-name>
  </channel>
  <channel id="das-erste.de">
    <display-name lang="de">ARD</display-name>
    <display-name lang="de">Das Erste</display-name>
  </channel>

  <programme start="200006031633" channel="3sat.de">
    <title lang="de">blah</title>
    <title lang="en">blah</title>
    <desc lang="de">
       Blah Blah Blah.
    </desc>
    <credits>
      <director>blah</director>
      <actor>a</actor>
      <actor>b</actor>
    </credits>
    <date>19901011</date>
    <country>ES</country>
    <episode-num system="xmltv_ns">2 . 9 . 0/1</episode-num>
    <video>
      <aspect>16:9</aspect>
    </video>
    <rating system="MPAA">
      <value>PG</value>
      <icon src="pg_symbol.png" />
    </rating>
    <star-rating>
      <value>3/3</value>
    </star-rating>
  </programme>
  <programme> ... </programme>
  ...
</tv>

This describes two channels and then a programme broadcast on one of
the channels, then some more programmes.  Almost everything in the DTD
is optional, so you can write files which are much simpler than this
example.

All dates and times in this DTD follow the same format, loosely based
on ISO 8601.  They can be 'YYYYMMDDhhmmss' or some initial
substring, for example if you only know the year and month you can
have 'YYYYMM'.  You can also append a timezone to the end; if no
explicit timezone is given, UTC is assumed.  Examples:
'200007281733 BST', '200209', '19880523083000 +0300'.  (BST == +0100.)

Unless specified otherwise, textual element content may not contain
newlines - this is to make it easy to convert into line-oriented
formats, and to avoid the question of what exactly a newline would
mean in the middle of someone's name or whatever.  Leading and
trailing whitespace in element content is not significant.

At present versions of this DTD correspond to releases of the 'xmltv'
package, which is a set of programs to generate and manipulate files
conforming to this DTD.  Written by Ed Avis ([e-mail]) and
Gottfried Szing, thanks to others for suggestions.

$Id: xmltv.dtd,v 1.33 2005/11/06 04:53:30 rmeden Exp $

-->

<!-- The root element, tv.

Date should be the date when the listings were originally produced in
whatever format; if you're converting data from another source, then
use the date given by that source.  The date when the conversion
itself was done is not important.

To indicate the source of the listings, there are three attributes you
can define:

'source-info-url' is a URL describing the data source in
some human-readable form.  So if you are getting your listings from
SAT.1, you might set this to the URL of a page explaining how to
subscribe to their feed.  If you are getting them from a website, the
URL might be the index of the site or at least of the TV listings
section.

'source-info-name' is the link text for that URL; it should
generally be the human-readable name of your listings supplier.
Sometimes the link text might be printed without the link itself, in
hardcopy listings for example.

'source-data-url' is where the actual data is grabbed from.  This
should link directly to the machine-readable data files if possible,
but it's not rigorously defined what 'actual data' means.  If you are
parsing the data from human-readable pages, then it's more appropriate
to link to them with the source-info stuff and omit this attribute.

To publicize your wonderful program which generated this file, you can
use 'generator-info-name' (preferably in the form 'progname/version')
and 'generator-info-url' (a link to more info about the program).
-->
<!ELEMENT tv (channel*, programme*)>
<!ATTLIST tv date   CDATA #IMPLIED
             source-info-url     CDATA #IMPLIED
             source-info-name    CDATA #IMPLIED
             source-data-url     CDATA #IMPLIED
             generator-info-name CDATA #IMPLIED
             generator-info-url  CDATA #IMPLIED >

<!-- channel - details of a channel

Each 'programme' element (see below) should have an attribute
'channel' giving the channel on which it is broadcast.  If you want to
provide more detail about channels, you can give some 'channel'
elements before listing the programmes.  The 'id' attribute of the
channel should match what is given in the 'channel' attribute of the
programme.

Typically, all the channels used in a particular TV listing will be
included and then the programmes using those channels.  But it's
entirely optional to include channel details - you can just leave out
channel elements or provide only some of them.  It is also okay to
give just channels and no programmes, if you just want to describe
what TV channels are available in a certain area.

Each channel has one id attribute, which must be unique and should
preferably be in the form suggested by RFC2838 (the 'broadcast'
element of the grammar in that RFC, in other words, a DNS-like name
but without any URI scheme).  Then one or more display names which are
shown to the user.  You might want a different display name for
different languages, but also you can have more than one name for the
same language.  Names listed earlier are considered 'more canonical'.

Since the display name is just there as a way for humans to refer to
the channel, it's acceptable to just put the channel number if it's
fairly universal among viewers of the channel.  But remember that this
isn't an official statement of what channel number has been
allocated, and the same number might be used for a different channel
somewhere else.

The ordering of channel elements makes no difference to the meaning of
the file, since they are looked up by id and not by their position.
However it makes things like diffing easier if you write the channel
elements sorted by ASCII order of their ids.
-->
<!ELEMENT channel (display-name+, icon*, url*) >
<!ATTLIST channel id CDATA #REQUIRED >

<!-- A user-friendly name for the channel - maybe even a channel
number.  List the most canonical / common ones first and the most
obscure names last.  The lang attribute follows RFC 1766.
-->
<!ELEMENT display-name (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST display-name lang CDATA #IMPLIED>

<!-- A URL where you can find out more about the element that contains
it (programme or channel).  This might be the official site, or a fan
page, whatever you like really.

If multiple url elements are given, the most authoritative or official
(which might conflict...) sites should be listed first.
-->
<!ELEMENT url (#PCDATA)>

<!-- programme - details of a single programme transmission

A show will be exactly the same whether it is broadcast at 18:00 or
19:00, and on whichever channel.  Technical details like broadcast
time don't affect the content of the programme itself, so they are
included as attributes of this element.  Start time and channel are
the two that you must include.

Sometimes VCR programming systems like PDC or VPS have their own
notion of 'start time' which is different from the actual start time,
so there are attributes for that.  In practice, stop time will usually
be the start time of the next programme, but if you can get it more
accurate, good for you.  Similarly, you can specify a code for
Gemstar's Showview or VideoPlus programming systems.

TV listings sometimes have the problem of listing two or more
programmes in the same timeslot, such as 'News; Weather'.  We call
this a 'clump' of programmes, and the 'clumpidx' attribute
differentiates between two programmes sharing the same timeslot and
channel.  In this case News would have clumpidx="0/2" and Weather
would have clumpidx="1/2".  If you don't have this problem, be
thankful!

It's intended that start time and stop time, when both are present,
make a half-closed interval: a programme is considered to be
broadcasting _at_ its start time but to stop just before its stop
time.  In this way a programme from 11:00 to 12:00 does not overlap
with another programme from 12:00 to 13:00, not even for a moment.
Nor is there any gap between the two.

To do: Some means of indicating breaks between programmes on the same
channel.  The 'channel' attribute references the 'id' of a channel
element, but the DTD doesn't give a way to specify this constraint.
Perhaps there is some better XML syntax we could use for that.
-->
<!ELEMENT programme (title+, sub-title*, desc*, credits?, date?,
                     category*, language?, orig-language?, length?,
                     icon*, url*, country*, episode-num*, video?, audio?,
                     previously-shown?, premiere?, last-chance?, new?,
                     subtitles*, rating*, star-rating? )>
<!ATTLIST programme start     CDATA #REQUIRED
                    stop      CDATA #IMPLIED
                    pdc-start CDATA #IMPLIED
                    vps-start CDATA #IMPLIED
                    showview  CDATA #IMPLIED
                    videoplus CDATA #IMPLIED
                    channel   CDATA #REQUIRED
                    clumpidx  CDATA "0/1" >

<!-- Programme title, eg 'The Simpsons'. -->
<!ELEMENT title (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST title lang CDATA #IMPLIED>

<!-- Sub-title or episode title, eg 'Datalore'.   Should probably be
called 'secondary title' to avoid confusion with captioning!
-->
<!ELEMENT sub-title (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST sub-title lang CDATA #IMPLIED>

<!-- Description of the programme or episode.

Unlike other elements, long bits of whitespace here are treated as
equivalent to a single space and newlines are permitted, so you can
break lines and write a pretty-looking paragraph if you wish.
-->
<!ELEMENT desc (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST desc lang CDATA #IMPLIED>

<!-- Credits for the programme.

People are listed in decreasing order of importance; so for example
the starring actors appear first followed by the smaller parts.  As
with other parts of this file format, not mentioning a particular
actor (for example) does not imply that he _didn't_ star in the film -
so normally you'd list only the few most important people.

Adapter can be either somebody who adapted a work for television, or
somebody who did the translation from another language.  Maybe these
should be separate, but if so how would 'translator' fit in with the
'language' element?
-->
<!ELEMENT credits (director*, actor*, writer*, adapter*, producer*,
                   presenter*, commentator*, guest* )>