dtomog.rd

使用R语言的马尔科夫链蒙特卡洛模拟（MCMC）源代码程序。

\name{dtomogplot}
\alias{dtomogplot}
\title{Dynamic Tomography Plot}
\description{
  dtomogplot is used to produce a tomography plot (see King, 1997) for a
  series of temporally ordered, partially observed 2 x 2 contingency
  tables.
}
  
\usage{
dtomogplot(r0, r1, c0, c1, time.vec=NA, delay=0,
           xlab="fraction of r0 in c0 (p0)",
           ylab="fraction of r1 in c0 (p1)",
           color.palette=heat.colors, bgcol="black", ...)
}

\arguments{
  \item{r0}{An \eqn{(ntables \times 1)}{(ntables * 1)} vector of row sums from row 0.}

  \item{r1}{An \eqn{(ntables \times 1)}{(ntables * 1)} vector of row sums from row 1.}

  \item{c0}{An \eqn{(ntables \times 1)}{(ntables * 1)} vector of column sums from column 0.}

  \item{c1}{An \eqn{(ntables \times 1)}{(ntables * 1)} vector of column sums from column 1.}

  \item{time.vec}{Vector of time periods that correspond to the elements
    of \eqn{r_0}{r0}, \eqn{r_1}{r1}, \eqn{c_0}{c0}, and \eqn{c_1}{c1}.}

  \item{delay}{Time delay in seconds between the plotting of the
    tomography lines. Setting a positive delay is useful for visualizing
    temporal dependence.}
  
  \item{xlab}{The x axis label for the plot.}

  \item{ylab}{The y axis label for the plot.}

  \item{color.palette}{Color palette to be used to encode temporal patterns.}
  
  \item{bgcol}{The background color for the plot.}
  
  \item{...}{further arguments to be passed}     
}


\details{
  Consider the following partially observed 2 by 2 contingency table:\cr
  \cr
  \tabular{llll}{
               \tab | \eqn{Y=0} \tab | \eqn{Y=1} \tab |   \cr
    - - - - - \tab - - - - - \tab - - - - - \tab - - - - - \cr
    \eqn{X=0} \tab | \eqn{Y_0}{Y0} \tab |  \tab | \eqn{r_0}{r0}\cr
    - - - - - \tab - - - - - \tab - - - - - \tab - - - - - \cr
    \eqn{X=1} \tab | \eqn{Y_1}{Y1} \tab |  \tab | \eqn{r_1}{r1}\cr
    - - - - - \tab - - - - - \tab - - - - - \tab - - - - - \cr
              \tab | \eqn{c_0}{c0} \tab | \eqn{c_1}{c1} \tab | \eqn{N}\cr    
  }

  where \eqn{r_0}{r0}, \eqn{r_1}{r1}, \eqn{c_0}{c0}, \eqn{c_1}{c1}, and
  \eqn{N}  are non-negative integers that are
  observed. The interior cell entries are not observed. It is
  assumed that \eqn{Y_0|r_0 \sim \mathcal{B}inomial(r_0,
    p_0)}{Y0|r0 ~ Binomial(r0, p0)} and
  \eqn{Y_1|r_1 \sim \mathcal{B}inomial(r_1, p_1)}{Y1|r1 ~
    Binomial(r1,p1)}.

  This function plots the bounds on the maximum likelihood
  estimates for (p0, p1) and color codes them by the elements of
  time.vec. 
}

\keyword{hplot}
  
\references{
  Gary King, 1997. \emph{A Solution to the Ecological Inference Problem}.
  Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  
  Jonathan C. Wakefield. 2004. ``Ecological Inference for 2 x 2 Tables.'' 
  \emph{Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series A}. 167(3): 385445.

Kevin Quinn. 2004. ``Ecological Inference in the Presence of Temporal 
Dependence." In \emph{Ecological Inference: New Methodological
Strategies}. Gary King, Ori Rosen, and Martin A. Tanner (eds.). New
York: Cambridge University Press. 

}

\examples{
\dontrun{
## simulated data example 1
set.seed(3920)
n <- 100
r0 <- rpois(n, 2000)
r1 <- round(runif(n, 100, 4000))
p0.true <- pnorm(-1.5 + 1:n/(n/2))
p1.true <- pnorm(1.0 - 1:n/(n/4))
y0 <- rbinom(n, r0, p0.true)
y1 <- rbinom(n, r1, p1.true)
c0 <- y0 + y1
c1 <- (r0+r1) - c0

## plot data
dtomogplot(r0, r1, c0, c1, delay=0.1)

## simulated data example 2
set.seed(8722)
n <- 100
r0 <- rpois(n, 2000)
r1 <- round(runif(n, 100, 4000))
p0.true <- pnorm(-1.0 + sin(1:n/(n/4)))
p1.true <- pnorm(0.0 - 2*cos(1:n/(n/9)))
y0 <- rbinom(n, r0, p0.true)
y1 <- rbinom(n, r1, p1.true)
c0 <- y0 + y1
c1 <- (r0+r1) - c0

## plot data
dtomogplot(r0, r1, c0, c1, delay=0.1)
}
}

\seealso{\code{\link{MCMChierEI}},
  \code{\link{MCMCdynamicEI}},\code{\link{tomogplot}}
}