makefiles.4

创建一个符合iso-9660标准的iso文件系统

target machine (e.g.
.IR "sun3 sun4 ip22 i86pc i586 9000\-725 aviion" ).
It is set to the output of
.I "arch
converted to lower case.
On systems, where 
.I M_ARCH
is not available, it is set to the content of 
.IR K_ARCH .
.br
Do not change this macro.
.
.TP
MK_FILES
makefiles that divert into sub makes within the same directory
must set 
.I MK_FILES
to be a list of makefile names for the sub makes.
Makefile names for sub makes should have a name that is build
by adding 
.I .mk
to the base name of the target that is defined inside the
specific makefile.
.
.TP
MAKEPROG
Set this macro to the name of your make program if it does
not support the macro
.IR MAKE_NAME .
The make program 
.I smake
is able to identify itself.
If you want to use a make program that is not able
to identify itself
and it's name is not
.IR make ,
set 
.I MAKEPROG
to the name of the make program.
Currently only 
.I gmake
is supported as alternate value for 
.IR MAKEPROG .
If you want to use an unsupported make program
you have to check if it supports the needed features
for
.IR makefiles .
You must write your own rule files for that make program.
If you want to use 
.IR gmake ,
you should do
.B "setenv MAKEPROG gmake
before you start
.I gmake
or use a shell script that does this job for you.
.
.TP
MAKE
This macro is set up by the 
.I make 
program.
It contains a path name that is sufficient to recursively
call the same 
.I make
program again (either that last path component or the full path
name of the make program).
.br
Do not change this macro.
.
.TP
MAKEFLAGS
This macro is set up by the 
.I make 
program.
It contains the command line flags,
.I make
is called with.
.br
Do not change this macro.
.
.TP
MAKE_ARCH
This macro is currently set up by 
.B smake 
only.
It contains the processor architecture of the target machine
(e.g. mc68020, sparc, pentium).
.br
Do not change this macro.
.
.TP
MAKE_BRAND
This macro is currently set up by 
.B smake 
only.
It contains the brand of the target machine
(e.g. Sun_Microsystems(e.g. ).
.br
Do not change this macro.
.
.TP
MAKE_HOST
This macro is currently set up by 
.B smake 
only.
It contains the host name of the target machine
(e.g. duffy, sherwood, ghost).
.br
Do not change this macro.
.
.TP
MAKE_MACH
This macro is currently set up by 
.B smake 
only.
It contains the kernel architecture of the target machine
(e.g. sun3, sun4c, sun4m, sun4u).
.br
Do not change this macro.
.
.TP
MAKE_MODEL
This macro is currently set up by 
.B smake 
only.
It contains the model name of the target machine
(e.g. SUNW,SPARCstation-20).
.br
Do not change this macro.
.
.TP
MAKE_M_ARCH
This macro is currently set up by 
.B smake 
only.
It contains the machine architecture of the target machine
(e.g. sun3, sun4).
.br
Do not change this macro.
.
.TP
MAKE_NAME
This macro is currently set up by 
.B smake 
only.
It contains the official name of the
make program
(e.g. make, smake, gmake).
.br
Do not change this macro.
.
.TP
MAKE_OS
This macro is currently set up by 
.B smake 
only.
It contains the operating system name of the target machine
(e.g. sunos, linux, dgux).
.br
Do not change this macro.
.
.TP
MAKE_OSDEFS
This macro is currently set up by 
.B smake 
only.
It contains operating system specific defines for the compiler
(e.g. -D__SVR4).
.br
Do not change this macro.
.
.TP
MAKE_OSREL
This macro is currently set up by 
.B smake 
only.
It contains the operating system release name of the target machine
(e.g. 5.5, 4.1.1).
.br
Do not change this macro.
.
.TP
MAKE_OSVERSION
This macro is currently set up by 
.B smake 
only.
It contains the operating system version of the target machine
(e.g. generic).
.br
Do not change this macro.
.
.TP
MAKE_SERIAL
This macro is currently set up by 
.B smake 
only.
It contains the serial number of the target machine
(e.g. 1920098175).
.br
Do not change this macro.
.
.TP
MANDIR
all makefiles for manual pages must set this macro to the
path name relative to 
.I INS_BASE
where the manual page root dir for the project should be.
Possible values for english manual pages are
.IR man " or " share/man ,
possible values for german manual pages are
.IR man/de " or " share/man/de .
.
.TP
MANFILE
makefiles for manual pages set this macro to the name of the 
troff source file for the manual page
.
.TP
MANSECT
makefiles for manual pages set this macro to the macro name that
contains the real section name for this manual page. This is 
necessary because bsd based system have different naming conventions than
system V based systems. See below for a valid list of manual section
macros.
.TP
MANSECT_ADMIN
This macro contains the name of the sub directory for administrative
commands and maintenance procedures.
.br
Do not change this macro.
.TP
MANSECT_CMD
This macro contains the name of the sub directory for general 
user commands.
.br
Do not change this macro.
.TP
MANSECT_DEMOS
This macro contains the name of the sub directory for demo
commands.
.br
Do not change this macro.
.TP
MANSECT_DEVICE
This macro contains the name of the sub directory for 
user level device interfaces.
.br
Do not change this macro.
.TP
MANSECT_DRIVER
This macro contains the name of the sub directory for 
kernel level device driver interfaces.
.br
Do not change this macro.
.TP
MANSECT_FILEFORM
This macro contains the name of the sub directory for 
file formats.
.br
Do not change this macro.
.TP
MANSECT_GAMES
This macro contains the name of the sub directory for 
games.
.br
Do not change this macro.
.TP
MANSECT_HDR
This macro contains the name of the sub directory for 
header files.
.br
Do not change this macro.
.TP
MANSECT_LIB
This macro contains the name of the sub directory for 
library function interfaces.
.br
Do not change this macro.
.TP
MANSECT_MACROS
This macro contains the name of the sub directory for 
troff macros.
.br
Do not change this macro.
.TP
MANSECT_NETWORK
This macro contains the name of the sub directory for 
user level network interfaces.
.br
Do not change this macro.
.TP
MANSECT_SYSCALL
This macro contains the name of the sub directory for 
system call interfaces.
Do not change this macro.
.TP
MANSECT_TABLES
This macro contains the name of the sub directory for 
tables.
Do not change this macro.
.TP
MANSTYLE
This macro contains the name that is used to find the right
ordering conventions for manual pages.
Do not change this macro.
.TP
MANSUFFIX
makefiles for manual pages set this macro to the macro name that
contains the real suffix for this manual page. This is 
necessary because bsd based system have different naming conventions than
system V based systems. See below for a valid list of manual suffix
macros.
.TP
MANSUFF_ADMIN
This macro contains the name of the file suffix for administrative
commands and maintenance procedures.
.br
Do not change this macro.
.TP
MANSUFF_CMD
This macro contains the name of the file suffix for general 
user commands.
.br
Do not change this macro.
.TP
MANSUFF_DEMOS
This macro contains the name of the file suffix for demo
commands.
.br
Do not change this macro.
.TP
MANSUFF_DEVICE
This macro contains the name of the file suffix for 
user level device interfaces.
.br
Do not change this macro.
.TP
MANSUFF_DRIVER
This macro contains the name of the file suffix for 
kernel level device driver interfaces.
.br
Do not change this macro.
.TP
MANSUFF_FILEFORM
This macro contains the name of the file suffix for 
file formats.
.br
Do not change this macro.
.TP
MANSUFF_GAMES
This macro contains the name of the file suffix for 
games.
.br
Do not change this macro.
.TP
MANSUFF_HDR
This macro contains the name of the file suffix for 
header files.
.br
Do not change this macro.
.TP
MANSUFF_LIB
This macro contains the name of the file suffix for 
library function interfaces.
.br
Do not change this macro.
.TP
MANSUFF_MACROS
This macro contains the name of the file suffix for 
troff macros.
.br
Do not change this macro.
.TP
MANSUFF_NETWORK
This macro contains the name of the file suffix for 
user level network interfaces.
.br
Do not change this macro.
.TP
MANSUFF_SYSCALL
This macro contains the name of the file suffix for 
system call interfaces.
Do not change this macro.
.TP
MANSUFF_TABLES
This macro contains the name of the file suffix for 
tables.
Do not change this macro.
.TP
MARCH
this macro contains the machine architecture for the
target machine (e.g.
.IR "sun3 sun4 ip22 i86pc i586 9000\-725 aviion" ).
It is set to the output of
.I "arch
converted to lower case.
On systems, where 
.I M_ARCH
is not available, it is set to the content of 
.IR K_ARCH .
.br
Do not change this macro unless you want to do a cross compilation.
.
.TP
O_ARCH
this macro contains the name of the operating system
converted to lower case.
It is usually the output of:
.IR "uname \-s" .
It may contain a modified name if the compilation rules
for different version of the operating system differ (e.g.
on
.IR SunOS " and " Solaris ,
the official operation system name in both cases is
.IR SunOS ).
.br
Do not change this macro.
.
.TP
OARCH
this macro contains the object architecture that is used
for architecture dependent sub directories.
It is set to:
.IR "$(PARCH)\-$(O_ARCH)\-$(C_ARCH)" .
.br
Do not change this macro.
.
.TP
OARCHDIR
this macro contains the concatenation of 
.I OBJ/
and 
.IR "$(OARCH)" .
.br
Do not change this macro.
.
.TP
OFILES
this macro contains the list of objects that are the
the dependency list for the target.
It is constructed from the list of
assembler source files,
c source files,
lex source files and
yacc source files.
.br
Do not change this macro.
.
.TP
OINCSDIR
this macro contains the concatenation of 
.I $(SRCROOT)/incs/
and 
.IR "$(OARCH)" .
It is the location where include files that are made within a make run
and subject to global use will be placed.
.br
Do not change this macro.
.TP
OLIBSDIR
this macro contains the concatenation of 
.I $(SRCROOT)/libs/
and 
.IR "$(OARCH)" .
It is the location where libraries that are made within a make run
will be placed.
.br
Do not change this macro.
.
.TP
OSDEFS
this macro contains operating system specific c-preprocessor
definitions.
.br
Do not change this macro.
.
.TP
OSNAME
the unmodified name of the operating system converted to lower case.
See
.IR O_ARCH .
.br
Do not change this macro.
.
.TP
OSREL
the release of the operating system.
.br
Do not change this macro.
.
.TP
P_ARCH
this macro contains the processor architecture for the
target machine (e.g.
.IR "mc68020 mc88200 sparc pentium" ).
It is set to the output of
.I "uname \-p
converted to lower case.
On systems, where 
.I P_ARCH
is not available, it is set to the content of 
.IR K_ARCH .
.br
Do not change this macro.
.
.TP
PARCH
this macro contains the processor architecture for the
target machine (e.g.
.IR "mc68020 mc88200 sparc pentium" ).
It is set to the output of
.I "uname \-p
converted to lower case.
On systems, where 
.I P_ARCH
is not available, it is set to the content of 
.IR K_ARCH .
.br
Do not change this macro unless you want to do a cross compilation.
.
.TP
RULESDIR
the value of this macro must be set before
the rules file
.I "$(SRCROOT)/$(RULESDIR/rules.top
is included.
If you want to test the behavior of a modified version
of the
.I makefiles
in 
.IR RULESDIR ,
put a copy into an alternate directory, modify one or more
files in it and then use make with a different value of
.IR RULESDIR ,
that points to the alternate directory.
.
.TP
RUNPATH
is evaluated on systems, where 
.I LD_RUN_PATH
is supported.
It contains the default library search path for dynamic linked targets
on runtime. 
This search path will be stored inside the target.
This is usually set in the file
.I $(DEFLTSROOT)/$(DEFLTSDIR)/Defaults
or 
.IR $(DEFLTSROOT)/$(DEFLTSDIR)/Defaults.$(O_ARCH) .
Note that older systems will use 
.I LD_LIBRARY_PATH
for this purpose too.
.
.TP
SCRFILE
this macro must be set in a leaf makefile for shell scripts to define
the source for that script file.
.
.TP
SRCFILE
this macro must be set in a leaf makefile for localized files to define
the source for that file.
.
.TP
SRCROOT
this macro contains the relative position to the project's
source root directory.
The value of this macro must be set before
the rules file
.I "$(SRCROOT)/$(RULESDIR/rules.top
is included.
.I SRCROOT
should be set to
.I ../..
if the appropriate leaf makefile is located two directory
levels below the source route.
.
.TP
SUBARCHDIR
may be set to put the object files and the target into
a different directory than usual.
.I SUBARCHDIR
will modify the value of 
.IR ARCHDIR .
If you want to make a target that is compiled for 
.I dbx
you may use:
.IR "make COPTX=\-g SUBARCHDIR=\-dbx" .
.
.TP
TARGET
all makefiles, that are not referring to library targets or
sub makes / sub dir makes,
must define
.I TARGET
to be the output file name of the final link operation.
.
.TP
TARGETLIB
all makefiles that are used to make libraries
must define
.I TARGETLIB
to be the central part of the target library.
If you want to make e.g.
.I libfoo
define
.IR "TARGETLIB= foo" .
This is needed to allow operating systems to have different naming 
conventions for libraries.
If you are making a non shared library, the example above
would result in a filename:
.I libfoo.a
for the real target.
.
.TP
TARGETMAN
this macro must be set in a leaf makefile for manual pages to define
the base name for that manual page (not including the suffix).
.
.TP
XMK_FILE
makefiles that want to install manual pages should set 
.I XMK_FILE
to 
.B Makefile.man
to avoid having to install a diversion make file. 
The make file found in
.I XMK_FILE
will be processed only if 
.I make
is called with the target 
.IR install .

.SH "GETTING STARTED
.PP
To set up a new project, first copy the 
.IR RULES " and " TEMPLATES
directories and all its content into the project's root directory.
.PP
Then copy a top level makefile, a 
.I Defaults
file and a 
.I Targetdirs.archname
file into the project's root directory.
.PP
Then create the following directories:
.IR cmd ", " lib ", " include .
.PP
Now start creating target directories e.g below
.IR cmd " and " lib .
Don't forget to create a makefile and an appropriate
.I Targetdirs.archname 
file on each node directory.